Different sources of pollution in Karasu Creek were investigated to obtain the water quality and ratio of contamination in
this region. To achieve the main objectives of the present study, water samples were collected from Karasu Creek, starting
from flow pattern at the upstream site of Akkaya Dam to the end of the dam, crossing the place where the Creek drains into.
Dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, temperature and maximum/minimum pH were measured systematically for 12 months in
the stations, where the water samples were collected. Chemical analyses of the water samples were carried out by using Cadas
50 S brand UV spectrometer to find out the Pb, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Cd, S, F and Cn concentrations. These concentration were
determined in μg/lt as 80–850; 180–4,920; 10–6,100; 440–25,530; 130–2,400; 120–280; 20–150; 214,250–1,113,580; 1,560–4,270
and 40–690, respectively. To determine metal levels of the water samples, multivariate analyses (element coefficient correlation,
coefficient correlation dendrogram, hierarchical cluster analysis dendrogram, model summary and ANOVA) were used. The analyses
yielded highly accurate results. There were positive correlations between some elements and their possible sources were the
same. The stations which resembled each other along the creek were divided into three groups. The water quality of the creek
was low and had toxic qualities. Eutrophication developed in Akkaya Dam along the creek. The source of pollution was thought
to be industrial and residential wastes. Absolute (0–100 m), short distance (100–500 m) and medium distance (500–2,000 m)
conservation areas should be determined in pollution areas along Karasu Creek and they should be improved. 相似文献
The air pollution is the one of the most important environmental problems in Erzurum, situated in the eastern of Turkey, during winter periods. The unfavorable climate as well as the city’s topography, and inappropriate urbanization cause serious air pollution problems. The air pollutant concentrations in a city have a close relationship with its meteorological parameters. In the present study, the relationship between daily average total suspended particulate (TSP) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) concentrations with meteorological factors, such as wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, pressure and precipitation, in 1995–2002 winter seasons was statistically analyzed using the stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. According to the results obtained through analysis, higher TSP and SO2 concentrations are strongly related to colder temperatures, lower wind speed, higher pressure system and weakly lower precipitation and higher relative humidity. The statistical models of SO2 and TSP including meteorological parameters gave R2 of 0.74 and 0.88, respectively. Furthermore, the correlation between the previous day’s SO2, TSP concentrations and actual concentrations of these pollutants on that day was investigated and found as 0.84 and 0.53, respectively. In order to develop this model, previous day’s SO2 and TSP concentrations were added to the equations. The new model for SO2 enhanced considerably (R2 = 0.92), but for TSP new model was not enhanced (R2 = 0.89). 相似文献
Macroalgae, isopods and fish species were exposed to 137Cs in brackish and sea water conditions for 18 days to determine radionuclide concentration factors. The concentration factors of 137Cs in brown shrimp and polychaete species were also investigated under brackish water conditions. At equilibrium, the concentration factors in macroalgae, isopod, fish, brown shrimp and polychate samples were found to be 2.5, 33, 2, 16 and 11 at 16 degrees C in brackish water conditions, respectively. The accumulation rate in macroalgae species was influenced by temperatures between 6 degrees C and 16 degrees C. The bioaccumulation of 137Cs in isopods at low salinity regime was increased significantly. At the same time, the bioaccumulation rate in macroalgae species also showed slight increase at low salinity. On the other hand, the bioaccumulation rate of 137Cs in the fish species in sea water was higher than in brackish water. 相似文献
Organisms are increasingly exposed to ultraviolet (UV) rays of sunlight, due to the thinning of the ozone layer and its widespread use in sterilization processes, especially against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The present study was conducted with the purpose of evaluating the damages of UV-A and UV-C radiations in Allium cepa L. roots. The effects of two different types of UV on some physiological, biochemical, cytogenotoxic, and anatomical parameters were investigated in a multifaceted study. Three groups were formed from Allium bulbs, one of which was the control group. One of the other groups was exposed to 254 nm (UV-C) and the other to 365 nm (UV-A) UV. Growth retardation effect of UV was investigated with respect to germination percentage, total weight gain, and root elongation, while cytogenotoxicity arisen from UV exposure was analyzed using mitotic index (MI) and chromosomal aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) frequency. Oxidative stress due to UV application was investigated based on the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the total activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes. Also, anatomical changes induced by UV-A and UV-C were analyzed in root meristematic cells. UV treatments caused significant reductions in growth-related parameters. Both UV treatments caused a significant increase in MDA levels and induction of SOD and CAT enzymes in root meristematic cells. A decrease in MI and an increase in the frequency of MN and CAs were observed in root tip cells, indicating the cytogenotoxic effect of UV application. Anatomical damages such as epidermis cell damage, cortex cell damage, necrotic zones, giant cell nucleus, and indistinct transmission tissue occurred in cells exposed to UV. All of the physiological, biochemical, cytogenetic, and anatomical damages observed in this study were more severe in cells treated with UV-C compared to UV-A. This study suggested that UV exposure triggered growth inhibition, cytogenotoxicity, oxidative stress, and meristematic cell damages in A. cepa roots depending on the wavelength.
A mediation exercise to resolve the ongoing dispute against these power plant projects at Aliağa was recommended and participated
in by the author in 1997. In this article the basis of the continuing environmental concern about the feared impacts of the
new power plants, procedure, and results of this mediation are mentioned. The basis of the “energy versus environment” dispute
in Aliağa are introduced. Mediation exercise and its end results have been criticized. 相似文献
Concentration of Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb, Se and Zn were determined in various fish species from the Marmara and Black Sea during 1987 and 1988. Neutron activation analysis, atomic absorption spectrophotometry and X‐ray fluorescence methods were used for analysis. No significant differences between metal values in fish collected in 1987 and 1988 were noted except As and Pb. The As and Pb concentrations in the same species of fish were higher in the eastern Black Sea compared with the other locations. The Hg concentration in Thunnus thynnus muscle ranged from 1.05–3.05 μg/g dry weight. On the other hand, the Hg levels in the other species were found below the detection limit. Comparison of the results obtained with data reported for the Mediterranean Sea shows an agreement in general for most of the metal levels. 相似文献