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91.
Fish are exposed in the aquatic ecosystems to different classes of pollutants. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals represent two important classes of aquatic contaminants. Thus, one lot of European eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) was pre-exposed during 24 h to 2.7 microM beta-naphthoflavone (BNF; a PAH-like compound), and subsequently exposed during 24 h to 0, 1 and 2.5 microM copper (Cu). Additionally, another lot not pre-exposed to BNF was exposed to the same Cu concentrations. BNF pre-exposure promoted a significant increase in liver ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity, but did not change the other responses investigated in eels. On the other hand, both Cu concentrations did not modify the liver EROD activity either in eels pre-exposed to BNF or not. Liver total cytochrome P450 was increased in eels exposed to Cu 2.5 microM, being significantly only in eels not pre-exposed to BNF. Free sulfhydryl group content was decreased by 1 and 2.5 microM in eels pre-exposed to BNF or not pre-exposed, being significant at 2.5 microM Cu in eels not pre-exposed compared to its control. Liver total glutathione (TG), reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels were slightly decreased by 1 and 2.5 microM Cu in eels pre-exposed to BNF, whereas a slight tendency to increase was observed in eels not pre-exposed. Thus, liver TG and GSH significantly decreased in 2.5 microM Cu BNF pre-exposed eels compared to eels not pre-exposed to BNF. Liver glutathione reductase and catalase activities were significantly inhibited by 1 and 2.5 microM Cu in eels pre-exposed to BNF, concomitantly with a slight liver glutathione peroxidase tendency to decrease. Lipid peroxidation was significantly increased by 1 microM Cu in eels either pre-exposed or not pre-exposed to BNF. Liver H(2)O(2) was significantly increased by 1 microM Cu in eels pre-exposed to BNF. Liver DNA integrity was significantly decreased by 1 and 2.5 microM Cu in eels pre-exposed to BNF. The oxidative stress and genotoxic effects induced by Cu in eels pre-exposed to BNF revealed that the metal effects are potentiated by previous exposure to BNF. 相似文献
92.
Marize Pereira Miagostovich Flávia Ramos Guimarães Carmen Baur Vieira Tulio Machado Fumian Nilson Porto da Gama Matias Victoria Jaqueline Mendes de Oliveira Anna Carolina de Oliveira Mendes Ana Maria Coimbra Gaspar José Paulo Gagliardi Leite 《Food and environmental virology》2014,6(2):110-115
The preservation of water resources is one of the goals of the designation of parks that act as natural reservoirs. In order to assess the impact of the presence of humans in an environmental preservation area bordering urban areas, the presence of four pathogenic enteric viruses [group A rotavirus (RV-A), norovirus (NoV), human adenoviruses (HAdV), and hepatitis A virus (HAV)], as well as the physico-chemical parameters, and Escherichia coli levels were assessed in riverine water samples. From June 2008 to May 2009, monthly monitoring was performed along the Engenho Novo River. RV-A, NoV, and HAdV were observed in 29 % (31/108) of the water samples, with concentrations of up to 103 genome copies/liter. The natural occurrence of infectious HAdV was demonstrated by Integrated Cell Culture-PCR (ICC-PCR). This study confirms the suitability of using the detection of fecal-oral transmitted viruses as a marker of human fecal contamination in water matrices and indicates the spread of pathogenic viruses occurring in an alleged area of environmental protection. 相似文献
93.
Brehna Teixeira de Melo Theo Mota Clemens Schlindwein Yasmine Antonini Reisla Oliveira 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2018,105(7-8):46
Pollinators search for multiple flora resources throughout their life cycle. Most studies, however, only assess how bees discriminate floral cues in the context of nectar foraging. In the present study, we sought to elucidate whether oil-collecting bees discriminate flowers of Byrsonima variabilis (Malpighiaceae) with petals of different colours when foraging for pollen or oil. As the colour of the standard petal changes during anthesis, we characterised the spectral reflectance patterns of flowers throughout anthesis and modelled chromatic perceptual space to determine how these colour patterns are perceived by bees. Through the quantification of flower pollen in the different phases, we found that the colour of the standard petal is an honest cue of the presence of pollen. Centridine bees preferentially visited flowers with a yellow (bee’s green) colour when searching for pollen, but indiscriminately visited flowers with different petal colours when searching for floral oil. We suggest that standard petals, in the species studied and others of the genus, like nectar guides, act as pollen guides, which oil-collecting females use to detect pollen-rich flowers. Moreover, they use different floral clues during foraging for different resources in the same host plant. 相似文献
94.
Application of Qual2Kw model as a tool for water quality management: Cértima River as a case study 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Oliveira B Bola J Quinteiro P Nadais H Arroja L 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(10):6197-6210
Modelling can be a useful management tool because models allow the understanding of water body response to different pollution pressure scenarios which may help on the decision-making process and in prosecuting the Water Framework Directive objectives. This study aims to evaluate the usage of simple water quality models (Qual2Kw) applied to small river basins in order to better understand the response of a river to different loads of nitrogen and phosphorus. Qual2Kw model was applied to Cértima River (Portugal), a small river that ends in a shallow lake called Pateira Fermentelos and represents a very important ecosystem to the local community. Along its pathway, Cértima River has a significant enrichment in nutrients due to agriculture, livestock, domestic sewage and industrial effluents discharged into the river. In case of nitrogen, the highest loads are from domestic (44%) and diffuse (35%) sources. The main sources of phosphorous are domestic (46%), livestock (24%) and diffuse sources (20%). Cértima River is strongly enriched with nutrients, and neither nitrogen nor phosphorous is limiting the algal growth. According to the criterion of Dodds et al. (Water Res, 32(5):1455-1462, 1998), the river is classified as eutrophic. By comparing in stream measurements with Qual2Kw simulations, it can be concluded that it would be necessary to decrease the actual pollutants loads of nitrogen and phosphorous 5 and 10 times, respectively, in order to change Cértima River classification from eutrophic to mesotrophic. 相似文献
95.
Bortolotto Ieda Maria Hiane Priscila Aiko Ishii Iria Hiromi de Souza Paulo Robson Campos Raquel Pires Juraci Bastos Gomes Rosane Farias Cariolando da Silva Leme Flávia Maria de Oliveira Arruda Rosani do Carmo de Lima Corrêa da Costa Liana Baptista Damasceno-Junior Geraldo Alves 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(5):1329-1341
Regional Environmental Change - The conservation and use of wild food plants should include local people in the decision-making process, and many countries have done so. However, interacting with... 相似文献
96.
Lumbaque Elisabeth Cuervo Schweigert Cálita Elis dos Santos Leonardo Oliveira Lavayen Vladimir dos Santos João Henrique Zimnoch Sirtori Carla 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):24124-24137
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Pharmaceuticals, such as dipyrone (DIP), paracetamol (PCT), and propranolol (PPN), are widely used analgesics and beta-blockers with the greatest... 相似文献
97.
Kouloukoui Daniel Marinho Marcia Mara de Oliveira Gomes Sônia Maria da Silva de Jong Pieter Kiperstok Asher Torres Ednildo Andrade 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2020,25(1):127-147
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - The corporate sector is one of the main emitters in the world due to the production process and therefore is identified as a major... 相似文献
98.
Aim
Injuries in adolescence are an important public health problem and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this age group. This study aimed to determine the behaviour profile associated to risk of injury and the differences between genders, region and ethnic origin.Methods
A cross-sectional study design of a nationally representative sample of 1581 adolescents of the Portuguese Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study.Results
An occurrence of one injury-related event in the previous year was reported by 21.4% of the respondents and 5.9% referred having more than one injury-related event. Boys reported higher frequency of those events when compared to girls, and non-Portuguese subjects referred higher frequency of events. Scoring higher in violence-related behaviour and psychosomatic complaints was associated to higher chances of referring more than one injury-related event.Conclusion
Gender, social background and behaviour profile are factors that seem to influence the risk of injuries. This information should guide those involved in the planning of injuries prevention programs in youth. 相似文献99.
Inputs of heavy metals due to agrochemical use in tobacco fields in Brazil’s Southern Region 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hugo José Oliveira Zoffoli Nelson Moura Brasil do Amaral-Sobrinho Everaldo Zonta Marcus Vinícius Luisi Gracioso Marcon Alfredo Tolón-Becerra 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(3):2423-2437
Only a few studies have assessed the joint incorporation of heavy metals into agricultural systems based on the range of agrochemicals used on a specific agricultural crop. This study was conducted to assess the heavy metals input through application of the main agrochemicals used in Brazilian tobacco fields. A total of 56 samples of different batches of 5 fertilizers, 3 substrates, 8 insecticides, 3 fungicides, 2 herbicides, and 1 growth regulator commonly used in the cultivation of tobacco in Brazil’s Southern Region were collected from 3 warehouses located in the States of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and Paraná. The total As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn content of the samples was then determined and compared with the regulations of different countries and information found in the available literature. The fertilizers were identified as the primary source of heavy metals among the agrochemicals used. Application of pesticides directly to the shoots of tobacco plants contributed very little to the supply of heavy metals. The agrochemicals used in Brazilian tobacco fields provide lower inputs of the main heavy metals that are nonessential for plants than those registered in the international literature for the majority of crop fields in different regions of the world. 相似文献
100.
Marques AP Oliveira RS Samardjieva KA Pissarra J Rangel AO Castro PM 《Chemosphere》2008,70(6):1002-1014
The effect of two different chelating agents [EDTA and EDDS (S,S-ethylenediaminedissucinic acid)] on Zn tissue accumulation in Solanum nigrum L. grown in a naturally contaminated soil was assessed. Under those conditions, the response of the plant to the inoculation with two different isolates of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)--Glomus claroideum and Glomus intraradices--was also studied. Plants grown in the local contaminated soil (Zn levels of 433mg kg(-1)) accumulated up to 1191mg kg(-1) of Zn in the roots, 3747mg kg(-1) in the stems and 3409mg kg(-1) in the leaves. S. nigrum plants grown in the same soil spiked with extra Zn (Zn levels of 964mg kg(-1)) accumulated up to 4735, 8267 and 7948mg Zn kg(-1) in the leaves, stems and roots, respectively. The addition of EDTA promoted an increase in the concentration of Zn accumulated by S. nigrum of up to 231% in the leaves, 93% in the stems and 81% in the roots, while EDDS application enhanced the accumulation in leaves, stems and roots up to 140, 124 and 104%, respectively. In the stems, the presence of Zn was predominantly detected in the cortex collenchyma cells, the starch sheath and the internal phloem and xylem parenchyma, and the addition of chelating agents did not seem to have an effect on the localisation of accumulation sites. The devise of a chelate-enhanced phytoextraction strategy, using chelating agents and AMF, is discussed. 相似文献