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131.
Junki Yun Ju Young Lee Jeehyeong Khim Won Hyun Ji 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(8):6855-6865
The purpose of this study was to assess contaminated soil and groundwater for the urban redevelopment of a rapid transit railway and a new mega-shopping area. Contaminated soil and groundwater may interfere with the progress of this project, and residents and shoppers may be exposed to human health risks. The study area has been remediated after application of first remediation technologies. Of the entire area, several sites were still contaminated by waste materials and petroleum. For zinc (Zn) contamination, high Zn concentrations were detected because waste materials were disposed in the entire area. For petroleum contamination, high total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and hydrocarbon degrading microbe concentrations were observed at the depth of 7 m because the underground petroleum storage tank had previously been located at this site. Correlation results suggest that TPH (soil) concentration is still related with TPH (groundwater) concentration. The relationship is taken into account in the Spearman coefficient (α). 相似文献
132.
Choon Weng Lee Joon Hai Lim Pei Li Heng 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(12):9697-9704
We sampled extensively (29 stations) at the Klang estuarine system over a 3-day scientific expedition. We measured physical and chemical variables (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, dissolved inorganic nutrients) and related them to the spatial distribution of phototrophic picoplankton (Ppico). Multivariate analysis of variance of the physicochemical variables showed the heterogeneity of the Klang estuarine system where the stations at each transect were significantly different (Rao’s F 18, 36?=?8.401, p?<?0.001). Correlation analyses also showed that variables related to Ppico abundance and growth were mutually exclusive. Distribution of Ppico was best explained by the physical mixing between freshwater and seawater whereas Ppico growth was correlated with temperature. 相似文献
133.
Sung Ho Hwang Ik Mo Lee Yun Keun Lee Jeong Im Park Kwang Won Rhie Dong Uk Park Chung Sik Yoon 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(11):8803-8808
We characterize the monthly variation in (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan concentration measured over the course of 1 year, and we evaluate the characteristics of size selection using a two-stage cyclone sampler. The (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan concentrations were measured in four bio-related laboratories. A total of 156 samples were collected using a new two-stage cyclone sampler. Analysis of (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan was performed using the kinetic Limulus amebocyte lysate assay. The study showed that airborne (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan concentrations were significantly higher in laboratory D (mean ± SD 1,105?±?1,893 pg/m3) and in the spring (5,458 pg/m3). The highest concentration of (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan occurred in the spring, particularly in May. 相似文献
134.
Characteristics of aerosol types during large-scale transport of air pollution over the Yellow Sea region and at Cheongwon,Korea, in 2008 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Episodes of large-scale transport of airborne dust and anthropogenic pollutant particles from different sources in the East
Asian continent in 2008 were identified by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration satellite RGB (red, green, and
blue)-composite images and the mass concentrations of ground level particulate matter. These particles were divided into dust,
sea salt, smoke plume, and sulfate by an aerosol classification algorithm. To analyze the aerosol size distribution during
large-scale transport of atmospheric aerosols, aerosol optical depth (AOD) and fine aerosol weighting (FW) of moderate imaging
spectroradiometer aerosol products were used over the East Asian region. Six episodes of massive airborne dust particles,
originating from sandstorms in northern China, Mongolia, and the Loess Plateau of China, were observed at Cheongwon. Classified
dust aerosol types were distributed on a large-scale over the Yellow Sea region. The average PM10 and PM2.5 ratio to the total
mass concentration TSP were 70% and 15%, respectively. However, the mass concentration of PM2.5 among TSP increased to as
high as 23% in an episode where dust traveled in by way of an industrial area in eastern China. In the other five episodes
of anthropogenic pollutant particles that flowed into the Korean Peninsula from eastern China, the anthropogenic pollutant
particles were largely detected in the form of smoke over the Yellow Sea region. The average PM10 and PM2.5 ratios to TSP
were 82% and 65%, respectively. The ratio of PM2.5 mass concentrations among TSP varied significantly depending on the origin
and pathway of the airborne dust particles. The average AOD for the large-scale transport of anthropogenic pollutant particles
in the East Asian region was measured to be 0.42 ± 0.17, which is higher in terms of the rate against atmospheric aerosols
as compared with the AOD (0.36 ± 0.13) for airborne dust particles with sandstorms. In particular, the region ranging from
eastern China, the Yellow Sea, and the Korean Peninsula to the Korea East Sea was characterized by high AOD distributions.
In the episode of anthropogenic polluted aerosols, FW averaged 0.63 ± 0.16, a value higher than that in the episode of airborne
dust particles (0.52 ± 0.13) with sandstorms, showing that fine anthropogenic pollutant particles contribute greatly to atmospheric
aerosols in East Asia. 相似文献
135.
The potential biodegradation and subsequent transformation of 17β-estradiol (E2) to estrone (E1) were examined in the presence of various dissolved organic matter (DOM) isolated from effluent, river and lake waters. In addition, estrogenicity was estimated in association with the removal of E2 via its sorption onto DOM and biodegradation. The more biodegradable lake-derived DOM promoted more extensive transformation of E2 into E1 than the effluent organic matter through a biodegradation process. Overall, under all conditions, biodegradation dominated the removal of E2 in water. The increased dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in river and lake-derived DOM (e.g. 6.5 mg C L(-1)) reduced the removal of E2 by decreasing its biodegradation due to the moderate sorption of E2 onto DOM. The effluent organic matter showed greater removal of E2 via biodegradation, as well as significantly high sorption. This was associated with a large amount of hydrophobic fulvic acid (FA)- and humic acid (HA)-like organic components, as shown by the small increase in the specific UV absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA(254)). An increase in the DOC concentration reduced the removal of E2, resulting in high estrogenicity. The present study suggests that both organic composition and DOC concentration influenced the removal of E2 and, therefore, should be fully considered when assessing estrogenicity and its impacts on the aquatic environment. 相似文献
136.
Lai VW Kanaki K Pergantis SA Cullen WR Reimer KJ 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2012,14(3):743-751
Terrestrial snails are consumed by humans occasionally and they are an important food source for many creatures including fish and birds. Little is known about arsenic speciation in these gastropods, let alone life cycle variations. Here we report on the arsenic speciation in freshwater snails from Pender Island and Vancouver Island, B.C., Canada, which was determined on methanol/water extracts (43-59% extraction efficiency) by using high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) and HPLC-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. The tetramethylarsonium ion, oxo-arsenosugars and thio-arsenosugars are the main arsenic species encountered. Arsenobetaine, which is commonly found in the marine environment, is minor. Live bearing snails Viviparidae sp. from Pender Island were maintained in aquaria and the arsenic speciation in the unborn, newly born, and adult animals was monitored. Oxo-arsenosugars predominate in the adults, whereas thio-arsenosugars seem to predominate in juveniles, suggesting that these arsenicals are snail metabolites. 相似文献
137.
Sumin Lee Min-Gu Lee Jinwon Park 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2018,20(3):1553-1561
The catalytic upgrading pyrolysis of pine sawdust was performed at 500 °C with various metal oxides to improve the quality of the bio-oil. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of the metal oxides instead of traditional zeolites for catalytic upgrading pyrolysis with the analysis of Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer. In this study, the used catalysts were Calcium-oxide, Magnesium oxide, Titanium dioxide, and Zeolite (Si/Al?=?80). The influence of catalysts on products yields and compositions were investigated. Most metal oxides can enhance the bio-gas with the bio-oil yields decreased. The metal oxides led to a decrease of Acids, Aldehydes, Ketones and an increase of Furfural, Cresols, Catechols in Furans and Phenolics. Among the catalysts, the MgO catalysts was the most effective to convert the high molecular into lights ones (6.65% Cresols) with yield of 20.48% for Furfural. The deoxygenation reaction in bio-oil was suggested to convert oxygenated compounds into the low molecular weight of the materials (6.39% Guaiacols). Thus, the used metal oxides can improve the quality of bio-oil by decreasing undesirable compounds as well as increasing the desirable compounds with low oxygen contents via deoxygenation reaction. 相似文献
138.
139.
Shih-Tseng Lee Ching-Chieh Liang Tsung-Yi Chien Feng-Jen Wu Kuang-Chung Fan Gwo-Hwa Wan 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(3):178
The interrelationships between ventilation rate, indoor air quality, and energy consumption in operation rooms at rest are yet to be understood. We investigate the effect of ventilation rate on indoor air quality indices and energy consumption in ORs at rest. The study investigates the air temperature, relative humidity, concentrations of carbon dioxide, particulate matter (PM), and airborne bacteria at different ventilation rates in operation rooms at rest of a medical center. The energy consumption and cost analysis of the heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system in the operation rooms at rest were also evaluated for all ventilation rates. No air-conditioned operation rooms had very highest PM and airborne bacterial concentrations in the operation areas. The bacterial concentration in the operation areas with 6–30 air changes per hour (ACH) was below the suggested level set by the United Kingdom (UK) for an empty operation room. A 70% of reduction in annual energy cost by reducing the ventilation rate from 30 to 6 ACH was found in the operation rooms at rest. Maintenance of operation rooms at ventilation rate of 6 ACH could save considerable amounts of energy and achieve the goal of air cleanliness. 相似文献
140.
Parveen Fatemeh Rupani Asha Embrandiri Mahamad Hakimi Ibrahim Vikram Ghole Chew Tin Lee Madjid Abbaspour 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(36):35805-35810
Several treatment technologies are available for the treatment of palm oil mill wastes. Vermicomposting is widely recognized as efficient, eco-friendly methods for converting organic waste materials to valuable products. This study evaluates the effect of different vermicompost extracts obtained from palm oil mill effluent (POME) and palm-pressed fiber (PPF) mixtures on the germination, growth, relative toxicity, and photosynthetic pigments of mung beans (Vigna radiata) plant. POME contains valuable nutrients and can be used as a liquid fertilizer for fertigation. Mung bean seeds were sown in petri dishes irrigated with different dilutions of vermicomposted POME-PPF extracts, namely 50, 60, and 70% at varying dilutions. Results showed that at lower dilutions, the vermicompost extracts showed favorable effects on seed germination, seedling growth, and total chlorophyll content in mung bean seedlings, but at higher dilutions, they showed inhibitory effects. The carotenoid contents also decreased with increased dilutions of POME-PPF. This study recommends that the extracts could serve as a good source of fertilizer for the germination and growth enhancement of mung bean seedlings at the recommended dilutions. 相似文献