施用城市污泥对杨树土壤化学特性及金属含量的影响

采用温室盆栽方法,研究城市污泥对杨树土壤化学特性、金属含量的影响。实验设置6个处理：4个不同用量的污泥处理：30（S1）、60（S2）、90（S3）和120 t.hm-2（S4）,以及对照（Control：不施加污泥和肥料）和无机复合肥处理（F：1.5 t.hm-2）。结果表明,施用污泥后,土壤有机质、全氮及全磷均提高,且随污泥施用量的增加而增加。S1~S4处理的土壤有机质、全氮及全磷较Control处理分别提高了32.50%~52.05%、32.00%~95.30%及75.43%~236.25%;较F处理分别提高了47.60%~69.37%、35.04%~99.70%及77.10%~239.46%。但污泥施用降低土壤pH和全钾质量分数,土壤pH较Control和F处理分别下降了0.11~0.42和0.01~0.32,但仍呈弱碱性;土壤全钾质量分数较Control和F处理分别降低了1.65%~21.51%和1.19%~21.14%。随污泥施用量的增加,土壤Cu、Zn、Ca和Na质量分数呈增加趋势,而Mn、Fe、Al、Mg质量分数呈降低趋势,其中Cu和Zn增加明显,并较Control处理分别增加了31.89%~104.36%和38.93%~358.02%,较F处理分别增加了23.10%~90.75%和37.88%~354.55%。总体而言,污泥施用于杨树后,可明显改善土壤的化学特性,但污泥施用量越大,土壤重金属Cu和Zn的质量分数残留越多。     

长白县双山三级水电站施工期环境监理的研究

近年来,水电站工程建设对生态环境影响引起人们的广泛关注,通过施工期环境监理的实施,可有效监管施工期环境影响行为,降低生态环境影响。文章以吉林省长白县双山三级水电站工程建设为例,重点论述了长白县双山三级水电站施工期环境监理的主要内容,阐述了中小型水电站施工期环境监理的工作程序和监管主要方法,为水电站建设施工期环境监理工作的开展提供资料,为中小型水利水电工程环境监理体系的形成和有效实施提供依据,确保工程建设社会、经济和生态效益的协调发展。     

天津市太阳辐射能资源的精细估算研究

本文根据天津市区１９５９～１９９４年共计３６ａ逐日实测总辐射资料,建立了用其它气象要素（日照百分率及空气湿度）估算不同尺度（年、季、月、旬、候及逐日）太阳总辐射量的系列经验公式,其平均拟合精确度可达９０％～９７％。     

有机磷农药在环境中的光稳定性及其与分子结构的关系

测定了九种具不同结构特征的有机磷农药的消光系数、光量子产率和在环境中的光稳定性。探讨了分子结构与光稳定性的关系。结果表明,农药光稳定性主要取决于分子是否具有共轭结构及共轭程度大小;共轭程度愈大,农药的紫外光吸收能力愈强,光量子产率愈小。根据分子结构将有机磷农药分为六类。并以此法对30种结构较为简单的农药的光稳定性作了预测。     

利用智利地震震源分布确定智利地区主震断层面

从历史地震来看,智利及其周边地区的历史强震主要集中在Nazca板块和南美洲板块之间的俯冲带上,该区也是7级以上大震频发的地区,所以对于该地区的断层结构和震源机制的研究就显得十分有必要.大地震发生后,大量余震在断层面上发生.因此余震震源位置的空间分布可以较为精确地勾画出断层面的位置.假定地震的发震断层可以用一个平面来模拟...     

稀土Ce掺杂SnSb复合涂层电极的实验研究

采用涂刷热分解氧化法,把无机盐SnCl4·5H2O、SbCl3和Ce(NO3)3·6H2O以一定的配比溶解在有机溶剂异丙醇中制备涂层液,以钛板为基体,制备多组分的涂层电极.考察了不同掺杂量下制备的电极对生活污水的处理效果,并对稀土Ce掺杂SnSb涂层进行了SEM表征,结果表明,在热处理温度为500℃、稀土掺杂量(原子质量比)为Sn∶Sb∶Ce=100∶10∶1的电极降解效果最好;稀土Ce的掺杂有利于锡锑金属氧化物涂层电极的电化学性能的提高.     

Hydrochemical appraisal of groundwater quality and pollution source analysis of oil field area: a case study in Daqing City,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Serious groundwater pollution not only affects the development of enterprises but also threatens the life and health of residents. To explore the...     

Selective effects of fenitrothion on murine splenic T-lymphocyte populations and cytokine/granzyme production

The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro effects of fenitrothion (FNT) on mouse splenic lymphocytes. Here, naïve mice had their spleens harvested and splenocytes isolated. After exposure to FNT for 48 hr: splenocyte viability was measured using a tetrazolium dye assay; cell phenotypes, i.e., B-cells (CD19⁺), T-cells (CD3⁺), and T-cell subsets (CD4⁺ and CD8⁺), were quantified by flow cytometry; and, production of cytokines/granzyme-B was assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The ability for FNT to induce oxidative stress in the cells was evaluated by measuring hydroxyl radical (·OH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production and changes in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The results showed that FNT significantly inhibited splenocyte proliferation, and decreased production of interleukin (IL)-2, interferon gamma, IL-4, and granzyme B, but had no impact on IL-6 production. FNT also selectively decreased splenic T-cell levels but did not induce changes in CD19⁺ B-cells. Further, within the T-cell populations, percentages of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, and CD8⁺ T-cells (particularly CD8⁺ T-cells) were reduced. Lastly, FNT selectively increased MDA and ·OH production and inhibited SOD and GSH-Px activities in the splenic lymphocytes. These findings suggest that, due to oxidative damage, FNT selectively inhibits splenic T-lymphocyte survival and cytokine/granzyme production in vitro.     

Removal of gentian violet and rhodamine B using banyan aerial roots after modification and mechanism studies of differential adsorption behaviors

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A novel adsorbent derived from banyan aerial roots was prepared via modification and employed to aqueous gentian violet (GV) and rhodamine B (RhB)...     

德国循环经济法简析

德国在世界上最早制定循环经济法，全面系统和规范性地诠释了循环经济的原则、方法，详尽地规定了实施循环经济过程中涉及的政府、公共机构、私营机构、企业、协会和具体责任人的责任、权利和义务，具有很强的技术性、实用性和可操作性，对制定我国类似的法规具有很好的借鉴价值。