Degradation mechanisms of 4-chlorophenol in a novel gas-liquid hybrid discharge reactor by pulsed high voltage system with oxygen or nitrogen bubbling

The effect of gas bubbling on the removal efficiency of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) in aqueous solution has been investigated using a novel pulsed high voltage gas-liquid hybrid discharge reactor, which generates gas-phase discharge above the water surface simultaneously with the spark discharge directly in the liquid. The time for 100% of 4-CP degradation in the case of oxygen bubbling (7 min) was much shorter than that in the case of nitrogen bubbling (25 min) as plenty of hydrogen peroxide and ozone formed in oxygen atmosphere enhanced the removal efficiency of 4-CP. Except for the main similar intermediates (4-chlorocatechol, hydroquinone and 1,4-benzoquinone) produced in the both cases of oxygen and nitrogen bubbling, special intermediates (5-chloro-3-nitropyrocatechol, 4-chloro-2-nitrophenol, nitrate and nitrite ions) were produced in nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction pathway of 4-CP in the case of oxygen bubbling was oxygen/ozone attack on the radical hydroxylated derivatives of 4-CP. However, in the case of nitrogen bubbling, hydroxylation was the main reaction pathway with effect of N atom on degradation of 4-CP.     

Effects of anthropogenic activities on chemical contamination within the Grand Canal, China

Contamination of nutrients and heavy metals within aquatic system is of great concern due to its potential impact on human and animal health. The Grand Canal of China, the largest artificial river in the world, is of great importance in supplying water resource, transporting cargo, and recreating resident, as well as great historical heritage. This study assessed and examined the impact of human activities on characters of contamination distribution within the section of the Canal in Taihu watershed. Physicochemical parameters of surface water quality were determined monthly from the year 2004 to 2006 at 11 sites that were influenced by different anthropogenic activities along the Canal. Moreover, contaminations at surface sediments (20 cm) at the same locations were also analyzed in September 2006. Results showed that the Canal had been seriously polluted, which was characterized with high spatial variations in contaminations distribution. The sites influenced mainly by industry and urbanization showed higher contents of nutrients and lower levels of dissolve oxygen than other sites. Concentrations of nitrogen at all studied sites exceeded the worst level of surface water quality according to the National Criterion of Surface Water Quality, China, with the average values varying from 2.27 to 10.34 mg/L. Furthermore, the site influenced mainly by industry (i.e., Site 4) presented the highest contents of cadmium (3.453 mg/kg), chromium (196.87 mg/kg), nickel (87.12 mg/kg), zinc (381.8 mg/kg), and copper (357.32 mg/kg). While sites in vicinity to cities had presented relatively higher contents of metals, especially for the site located downstream of Changzhou City (Site 3) had presented the highest contents of mercury (1.64 mg/kg) and lead (197.62 mg/kg). Copper at Sites 2 to 6, Nickel at Sites 2 to 9 except for Site 7, chromium, lead, and zinc at Sites 3 to 6 had exceeded New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) Severe Effect Level (SEL). By multivariate statistical, nutrient variables, companied with V-phen, had contributed the most variation of water quality, while nutrient and metals had explained the most part of total variance of contaminations in sediment. This study indicated that the canal had been polluted severely and urgently need to control.     

基于B/S的城市危险源信息及专项检查交互管理系统研究

对国内安全生产信息化建设的现状进行深入分析,指出目前我国安全生产信息化建设范围已基本涵盖至省市一级,但对于区县、街道乃至社区的地方级,尚无比较明确、完善且具体的信息化解决方案.针对我国当前基层安全监督管理部门缺乏针对性信息化解决方案的现状,以其日常管理中的危险源信息管理和专项检查为核心业务,基于B/S三层架构、采用AS...     

Green logistics,economic growth,and environmental quality: evidence from one belt and road initiative economies

The significance of global green logistics in improving green economic activities is a critically considered and debatable research topic in the context of economic growth and environment. This study aims to analyze the growth and environmental effects of green logistics performance for One Belt and Road Initiative (OBRI) countries over the period 2007–2019. The study used panel data two-stage least squares (2SLS) and generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators with robust inferences. The findings have revealed that green logistics performance improves the economic growth in OBRI, Europe, and MENA economies. While green logistics performance enhances the environmental pollution in OBRI, Central Asia, and MENA economies, it significantly improves the environmental quality in Europe and East and Southeast Asia regions. The control variables have also importance in economic growth and environment in policy implication in OBRI and five sub-regions of OBRI economies. Based on these findings, we can conduct some robust green logistics policies in OBRI.

     

Application of AERMOD on near future air quality simulation under the latest national emission control policy of China：A case study on an industrial city

Air quality model can be an adequate tool for future air quality prediction, also atmospheric observations supporting and emission control strategies responders. The influence of emission control policy (emission reduction targets in the national "China’s 12th Five-Year Plan (2011-2015)") on the air quality in the near future over an important industrial city of China, Xuanwei in Yunnan Province, was studied by applying the AERMOD modeling system. First, our analysis demonstrated that the AERMOD modeling system could be used in the air quality simulation in the near future for SO2 and NOx under average meteorology but not for PM10. Second, after evaluating the simulation results in 2008 and 2015, ambient concentration of SO2, NOx and PM10 (only 2008) were all centered in the middle of simulation area where the emission sources concentrated, and it is probably because the air pollutions were source oriented. Last but not least, a better air quality condition will happen under the hypothesis that the average meteorological data can be used in near future simulation. However, there are still heavy polluted areas where ambient concentrations will exceed the air quality standard in near future. In spatial allocation, reduction effect of SO2 is more significant than NOx in 2015 as the contribution of SO2 from industry is more than NOx. These results inspired the regulatory applications of AERMOD modeling system in evaluating environmental pollutant control policy     

饮用水水源地水质现状评价及变化趋势分析研究

以四川省南部县燕子窝饮用水水源地和五面山饮用水水源地为研究对象,采用最大评分法与分类法相结合的综合评价方法,对南部县水源地水质现状评价及变化趋势进行了分析,评价结果表明南部县县城水源地水质的综合指标都已经迭到了《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)中的Ⅱ类水标准,个别指标能达到Ⅰ类标准.利用PWQTrend软件对南部县水源地水质变化趋势进行了预测分析,分析结果表明,自2009年以来,南部县水源地水质总体得到了明显的改善,氨氮近两年的变化趋势不是很明显,总的来说,南部县燕子窝水源地以及五面山水源地的设置是科学、合理的.     

除尘管道内木粉尘爆炸压力传播规律研究

为了探明除尘管道中粉尘爆炸压力的传播规律,利用自制通风除尘管道爆炸特性测试装置进行试验。研究结果表明:整个管道中粉尘爆炸压力波的传播过程可以分为自由传播阶段、管壁反射阶段和一维传播阶段;压力波在传递过程中处于边移动边生长的状态,具有压力累积效应;除尘管道中粉尘爆炸压力波幅及平均升压速率均与粒径呈负相关关系,二者随浓度变化呈现先上升后下降的趋势;利用Matlab分析了浓度、粒径对压力波的交互效应,表明二者交互作用显著。     

一种复合菌制剂对富营养化污水的净化作用研究

以高效去除COD为主要指标,从南昌市区富营养化的鱼塘淤泥水和猪场废水混合液中分离筛选出4株目的菌株,发现其中以NCG1菌株的去除活性最好.经生理生化鉴定和16SrRNA序列分析,初步鉴定NCG1为施氏假单胞菌(Pseudomonas stutzeri).同时,采用另一株具有高效去除无机盐氮能力的菌株C-4与菌株NCG1复合培养,建立了两株菌的复合培养方法.结果表明,与单菌相比,复合菌综合了单菌的优良去除活性,在对合成废水的处理中,72h后废水中NH4+-N、NO3--N和COD的去除率分别达84.4%、86.91%和81.36%.研究表明,生产的复合菌剂在对富营养化池塘污水样品的处理中显示出良好的效能.     

马铃薯淀粉制品污水浇灌农田对环境质量影响的研究

马铃薯淀粉生产中产生的废水浇灌农田后,对浇灌土壤、周边空气、以及地下水的进行了监测。从环境质量监测结果看,华欧淀粉公司种植基地的土壤、地下水、环境空气质量无论从各单项和综合质量上均处于良好状况,没有增添新的环境污染。基本保持了原生态环境。     

雨水生物滞留系统关键设计参数研究进展

低影响开发(LID)雨水系统构建是海绵城市实现雨水控制与利用的有效手段,其中雨水生物滞留系统的设计对城镇区域削减雨水径流量与降低径流污染等具有重要的意义.在综合国内外研究成果的基础上,探讨了雨水生物滞留系统的规模、填料、植物、布局等关键设计要素的选择和确定方法.首先,对雨水生物滞留系统的规模设计方法进行了归纳总结,并阐...