电冰箱的回收处理及绿色设计探讨

冰箱产品从其制造到废弃是一个庞大的产业领域,如何以较经济的方式实现废旧冰箱的可拆卸性与可回收性以及冰箱的绿色设计已经成为当今国际社会关注的热点.针对废旧冰箱的拆卸与回收的经济性、再生程序以及绿色冰箱的设计等方面进行了分析.     

Remediation of acid mine drainage leachate by a physicochemical and biological treatment‐train approach

Biological and physicochemical approaches were utilized in a treatment train for acid mine dis charge (AMD) waters. Anaerobic bioreactors, chemical precipitation reactors, and biopolymer chelation reactors, operated in static, semicontinuous, and continuous flow modes, removed significant quantities of metals and sulfates associated with AMD water. Static tests indicated accept able copper removal via precipitation by generation of hydrogen sulfide in anaerobic reactors. However, low pH affected the biopolymer coating in the chelation reactor, resulting in loss of bed surface. Corrections of AMD to pH > 7 resulted in some metal precipitationprior to biopolymer treatment. A series of static semicontinuous tests at pH 5.0 provided improved metal and sulfate removal. Copper (Cu⁺) was reduced to trace concentrations, while manganese (Mn⁺), although reduced, proved to be the most recalcitrant of the metals. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

The effects of in situ chemical oxidation on microbiological processes: A review

The effects of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) on biological processes, as reported in the literature, were researched to determine if coupling ISCO with in situ bioremediation could be achieved in field and laboratory experiments. Literature was compiled concerning the effect of ISCO on microbial communities following addition of a chemical oxidant at a range of concentrations designed to treat a variety of subsurface contaminants. The results indicate that although microbial communities may potentially be adversely affected by chemical oxidation in the short term, a rebound of microbial biomass and/or bioremediation activity can be expected. Successfully coupling ISCO with bioremediation in field applications may be a cost‐effective method of achieving risk‐based site remediation goals. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Progress toward remediation of the Sydney Tar Ponds: A major Canadian PCB/PAH “superfund” site

The Muggah Creek estuary in Sydney, Nova Scotia, received liquid and solid wastes from a steel mill and its associated coke ovens for approximately 100 years. This resulted in pollution of soils and sediments with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), heavy metals, and other pollutants, including those in untreated domestic wastewaters. The Canadian federal and Nova Scotia provincial governments organized the Sydney Tar Ponds Agency (STPA) to develop a remediation approach for the Coke Ovens site soils and Sydney Tar Ponds sediments. The STPA developed a remediation approach for the Sydney Tar Ponds sediments, involving solidification/stabilization (S/S) through mixing cement and other materials into the sediments, and then capping them as a waste pile. High‐density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic sheeting vertical barriers are proposed to be used to divert groundwater and surface water from entering into the S/S‐treated sediments and to collect any water and associated pollutants released from the S/S‐treated sediments. The Coke Ovens site soils are proposed to be landfarmed to reduce some of the PAHs and other pollutants and then capped with a layer of soil. This remediation program is estimated to cost on the order of $400 million (CAN). This article presents a review of the significant potential problems with the STPA proposed remediation strategy of the Sydney Tar Ponds sediments and Coke Ovens site soils. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

室内甲醛释放规律及控制方法探讨

本文以某单位新建住宅楼内同一户型装修大致相同的四套住宅作为测试点，对其室内空气中甲醛浓度在不同工况下约3个月的监测数据进行对比分析，探讨了甲醛释放的影响因素及可行的控制方法，提出甲醛是室内主要空气污染物并建议采用绿色建筑装饰材料和保持室内的通风等措施减少污染，具有很强的现实意义。     

对替代方案编写中应考虑环境风险因素的几点建议

提出替代方案对于环境影响评价工作是非常重要的工作内容,但目前环评中的替代方案往往未考虑环境风险因素,对此本文论述了在替代方案编写过程中应考虑环境风险因素的必要性,并对如何将环境风险因素纳入替代方案的编写过程提出了相关建议.     

8.1级地震显现日本应急反应水平

2006年11月15日,在日本北部的千岛群岛海域当地时间晚20时15分左右(北京时间19点15分)发生里氏8．1级强烈地震。震后不久,日本相关机构紧急行动。应对地震可能造成的海啸灾害。当地时间晚上20时29分,日本气象厅就向北海道太平洋沿岸东部及鄂霍次克海沿岸发出海啸警报,提醒居住在这些地域沿海的居民立即到安全的地方避难。     

管帏冲击式除尘器的应用

介绍了管帏冲击式除尘器的结构及其捕尘机理。介绍了对该除尘器进行除尘和防淋雨性能测试的实验方法和装置。分析了实验数据，得出了相应的结论。     

列车安全操纵仿真系统的研究

探讨了列车牵引力学条件下的铁路列车安全操纵问题 ,开发了一套可用于不同运行条件下的列车安全操纵仿真软件。重点介绍了系统的主体结构、功能模块以及列车安全操纵的计算模型 ,详细描述了在一个时间步长内如何确定列车的工况、手柄位以及停车制动的仿真算法 ,并在实际线路上对电力机车进行了实例分析。系统计算速度快 ,人工干预方便 ,效果良好 ,可以满足现场的实际需求。     

磁悬浮列车事故仿真分析

总结磁悬浮列车可能发生的各种事故．蚰结为两大类：失去悬浮事故和与异物碰撞事故，针对这两类事故，用ADAMS进行仿真分析，得出事故形态及后果，为事故颅防并减小事故后果提供依据。