河南省臭氧污染趋势特征及敏感性变化

基于环境空气质量站点数据及卫星遥感数据,研究了河南省近地面臭氧（O₃）2015～2020年变化特征、趋势和生成敏感性.结果表明,2015～2020年,河南省近地面O₃浓度先上升后下降,2018年浓度最高,O₃日最大8 h滑动平均值（MDA8）年均值为110.70μg·m^-3,各站点间的MDA8值差异逐渐缩小;河南省月均MDA8时间序列表现为上升趋势,增长速率为2.46μg·（m³·a）^-1,经Mann-Kendall趋势检验,除漯河、南阳和平顶山市外其它地市上升趋势均具有显著性意义（P<0.05）;6 a间四季MDA8浓度也呈增长趋势,增长大小为：秋季（19.31%）>冬季（17.09%）>春季（16.82%）>夏季（7.24%）; 2015～2019年河南省对流层NO₂高值集中在西北部,浓度呈下降趋势,下降速率为0.34×10¹⁵ molecules·（cm²·a）...     

企业工会发挥安全生产监督作用的方法探索和实践

根据工会组织在企业安全生产监督中的责任定位,从促进企业安全生产、维护职工根本长远利益的角度出发,创新建立工会组织安全生产监督工作模式,搭建活动载体,拓宽监督渠道,提升职工安全意识和业务技能,促进企业安全生产,切实保障和维护了职工安全健康合法权益。     

重污染河道中浮游植物初级生产力特征

通过对苏州城市河道的调查研究发现,城市河道的浮游植物初级生产力与其它水体有明显不同。从2004年6月至2005年5月通过取样分析苏州苗家河水体浮游植物种类、数量和叶绿素a含量变化及采用黑白瓶法测定浮游植物产氧能力,结果表明：该河道氮、磷含量较高,浮游植物群落为绿藻一硅藻型,种类少,季节变化明显,水体中表层叶绿素a的含量低于底层。分析表层水体和底层水体叶绿素a的产氧能力发现,河道中浮游植物的光合产氧能力普遍较低。本文揭示了重污染河道中大量悬浮颗粒附着在浮游植物的体表,影响了浮游植物的光合产氧能力,是整个水体和底泥中的溶氧普遍较低的重要原因之一。探讨了重污染河道溶氧偏低产生黑臭的原因,为重污染河道的综合治理提供了参考。     

Relationship between EMR and dissipated energy of coal rock mass during cyclic loading process

Dynamic collapses of deeply mined coal rocks are severe threats to miners. In order to predict the collapses more accurately using electromagnetic radiation (EMR), this paper researched the energy conversion mechanism in the damage process of coal rock mass, analysed its EMR and dissipated energy, and a relationship between which was established using the voltage amplitude of EMR signal and hysteresis loop generated in the loading and unloading cycles as a bridge; then a series of cyclic loading experiments using coal samples of Junde and Xinlu coal mines from Heilongjiang province were carried out, and EMR signal released during these cycles were collected. Results show that during a whole damage process of a sample, the cumulative values of EMR energy and corresponding dissipated energy (hysteresis loop area) well subject to the form of y=aln(x)+b, whose correlation coefficients are above 0.90, and EMR signals received by different frequency antenna seldom impacted on this relationship; the total EMR energy released from the whole failure process of the samples obtained from adjacent sampling point in same mining area are different to some extent, so are the dissipated energy; compared with cyclic loading for coal rock mass orderly with the peak loads of 5 kN and 10 kN previously, the dissipated energy of direct using that of 15 kN increase 17.8%, and EMR signal is more abundant; EMR energy received in each cycle increase steadily with the improvement of load level, and in a single loading and unloading cycle, sometimes it is very rich in the unloading phase, even more than the loading one.     

安全疏散中人群拥挤踩踏现象的理论和模拟分析

为研究出口宽度对人群拥挤踩踏事故发生的影响程度,以某礼堂为例,建立基于排队论的安全疏散模型,理论分析并数值模拟了出口宽度为2m和4m对人员疏散的影响。研究表明,在发生火灾进行人员安全疏散过程中,当平均服务率大于等于平均到达率时,人群疏散有序,疏散效率较高;然而当平均服务率小于平均到达率时,使得人流不畅,出口过于拥堵。并且理论计算和数值模拟获得的选取适当出口宽度结果一致。对于大型场馆的出口设计具有一定的参考价值。     

基于WebGIS的重大危险源实时监控系统的设计与实现

对重大危险源进行实时监控为避免重特大事故的发生具有重要意义,首先在研究ArcIMSJava Connector与Ajax开发WebGIS系统的关键技术的基础上,构建了ArcIMS Java Connector、Ajax技术和重大危险源业务逻辑集成的开发方案,设计并开发了重大危险源实时监控系统,并重点阐述了重大危险源实时信息发布功能的技术实现,最终完成了重大危险源实时查询、分析、监视、预警及相关辅助决策等功能,将该系统应用于实际取得了良好的运行效果。     

Experimental study on advantages of foam–sol in coal dust control

In China, more than 2.65 million coal mine workers are exposed to coal dust. Every year, new pneumoconiosis cases amount to 25,000, among which 6000 cases die of this disease. The figure is twice the death toll in production safety accidents. Occupational diseases seriously endanger life and health of coal mine workers, and restrict the healthy growth of the coal industry.The paper presented a study of foam–sol-based coal dust control. This was an experimental study of characteristics of foam–sol-based coal dust control, which features dust capture, suppression, and isolation. Comparative wettability experiments were carried out to determine contact angles of water, aqueous foam, and foam–sol solution. A new foam–sol generating system with a conical diffuser outlet was proposed.The experiment results clearly showed that the foam–sol features dust capture, suppression, and isolation. The wettability of the aqueous foam solution was better than the foam–sol solution, but the foam–sol technology had the better ability to capture the airborne dust, suppress the static dust and enclose the dust source, due to the excellent surface viscosity, strong cohesiveness and less volatile property. The paper concluded that the foam–sol could greatly improve the dust control efficiency and did not have main deficiencies that the aqueous foam technology had.     

火灾过程中火源热释放速率模型及其实验测试方法

详细分析了目前常用的火源热释放速率模型，并对其特点和参数范围进行对比讨论；同时还介绍了基于氧消耗原理的热释放速率测试方法和基于质量损失速率的热释放速率测试方法，并给出了部分实验测试结果。     

双层玻璃幕墙全尺寸火灾实验研究

针对双层玻璃幕墙实际应用中的消防问题,采用全尺寸火灾实验的方法对火焰和烟气在双层幕墙结构中的传播进行了分析研究.在建立实体实验模型时采用同工程设计和实际构造相同的双层玻璃幕墙,并按实际尺寸搭建了一座2层的楼房模拟客房床垫中央着火、客房床垫角落着火和客房整体失火3种工况,并对火源热释放速率、幕墙玻璃内外侧温度、火焰和烟气运动过程进行了测量和观测,得出了火焰传播过程和烟气在幕墙夹层内运动特征及双层玻璃幕墙结构临界破碎温度、破碎时间等耐火性能特性.     

常温厌氧流化床处理高浓度有机废水实验研究

本文对常温(25℃±3℃)条件下低密度载体厌氧流化床(AFB)反应器处理高浓度有机废水进行了研究。实验结果表明:采用好氧预挂膜快速排泥法可加快反应器的启动,低密度载体可有效降低反应器运行能耗,有机物去除效果良好。