水溶液性质与水污染控制工艺相互作用的重要性

从自然演化、人类活动、科学发展角度分析污废水的产生机制及其对天然水体溶液性质的影响,发现人类迁徙的城镇化以及工农业生产的效率约束导致污废水与天然径流之间的矛盾,使生态水体呈现出由地表纯净水向水质污染方向的功能转化,扰动了元素/化合物在地球表面或水体界面的离心与向心迁移的平衡,明确了水体界面或水圈作为物质地球循环中转站/转运站的原理机制。隐藏在各种水处理工艺原理中的物理、化学、物化、生化等丰富功能能够解决中转站中所积累的矛盾,所以,集合溶液性质与污废水处理工艺原理之间的对应关系及其技术应用将构成更加完备和潜在的水工业,所提出的水溶液性质概念同样适用于给水与纯净水的生产与管理。针对有毒/难降解的工业有机废水,如煤化工行业焦化废水,在前端工艺清洁生产的基础上,需要把产品资源回收、性质互补利用、水量循环机制作为共性目标,把低能耗与物耗、关键污染物去除以及明确环境风险归趋作为污染控制工艺选择的依据,同时要求全过程产生低的二次污染如碳排放等。基于水溶液性质的改变及其过程演变的探究将拓宽水污染控制的工艺理论与技术边界。水污染控制与水环境保护相结合的水工业全过程追求技术、经济与社会目标的一致,争取得到绿色、低碳、循环等生态目标的响应,即生活、生产、生态"三位一体"的协调发展。     

类芬顿催化剂Cu-Co-Fe金属氧化物的制备及其对典型难降解有机物的去除

针对典型难生物降解污染物,为强化其在废水处理中的降解去除,开展了合成类芬顿催化剂及其对安替比林（ANT）及染料降解特性的研究。水热法合成的Cu_1-xCo_xFe₂O₄金属氧化物催化剂是一种具有尖晶石立方结构的磁性材料,比表面积为147.3~187.5 m2/g,饱和磁化值为17.2~62.3 EMU/g。随着Co含量逐渐增加,催化剂的催化活性有明显提高。所得最佳Cu_0.25Co_0.75Fe₂O₄催化剂的适用pH值为7~9,ANT初始浓度为50 mg/L,催化剂投加量为0.7 g/L和H₂O₂投加量为150 mmol/L的条件下,当反应初始pH=7时,对ANT去除率为93.1%;pH=9时去除率达到94.7%。不同类型的难降解有机物,如罗丹明B和酸性橙Ⅱ在该催化剂催化作用下也可实现有效降解。催化剂通过磁性回收再利用5次循环后,ANT去除率仍保持在80%以上,表明催化剂具有较好的稳定性和重复使用性。研究合成的类芬顿催化剂为高效去除废水中的难降解有机物提供了科学依据。     

Integration of microbial reductive dehalogenation with persulfate activation and oxidation (Bio-RD-PAO) for complete attenuation of organohalides

•Bio-RD-PAO can effectively and extensively remove organohalides. •Bio-RD alone effectively dehalogenate the highly-halogenated organohalides. •PAO alone is efficient in degrading the lowly-halogenated organohalides. •The impacts of PAO on organohalide-respiring microbial communities remain elusive. •Bio-RD-PAO provides a promising solution for remediation of organohalide pollution. Due to the toxicity of bioaccumulative organohalides to human beings and ecosystems, a variety of biotic and abiotic remediation methods have been developed to remove organohalides from contaminated environments. Bioremediation employing organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB)-mediated microbial reductive dehalogenation (Bio-RD) represents a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to attenuate highly-halogenated organohalides, specifically organohalides in soil, sediment and other anoxic environments. Nonetheless, many factors severely restrict the implications of OHRB-based bioremediation, including incomplete dehalogenation, low abundance of OHRB and consequent low dechlorination activity. Recently, the development of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) based on sulfate radicals (SO₄^·−) via the persulfate activation and oxidation (PAO) process has attracted tremendous research interest for the remediation of lowly-halogenated organohalides due to its following advantages, e.g., complete attenuation, high reactivity and no selectivity to organohalides. Therefore, integration of OHRB-mediated Bio-RD and subsequent PAO (Bio-RD-PAO) may provide a promising solution to the remediation of organohalides. In this review, we first provide an overview of current progress in Bio-RD and PAO and compare their limitations and advantages. We then critically discuss the integration of Bio-RD and PAO (Bio-RD-PAO) for complete attenuation of organohalides and its prospects for future remediation applications. Overall, Bio-RD-PAO opens up opportunities for complete attenuation and consequent effective in situ remediation of persistent organohalide pollution.     

How does anti-corruption affect enterprise green innovation in China’s energy-intensive industries?

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Rampant corruption exists in China’s energy-intensive industries. However, we know little about the nexus of corruption and enterprise green innovation...     

Evidence for the involvement of Fe(IV) in water treatment by Fe(III)-activated sulfite

Water contamination by emerging organic pollutants is calling for advanced methods of remediation such as iron-activated sulfite-based advanced oxidation. Sulfate radical, SO₄^??, and hydroxyl radical, ^?OH, are the primary reactive intermediates formed in the Fe(III)/sulfite system, yet the possible involvement of Fe(IV) produced from Fe(II) and persulfates is unclear. Here we explored the role of Fe(IV) in the Fe(III)/sulfite system by methyl phenyl sulfoxide (PMSO) probe assay, electron paramagnetic resonance spectra analysis, alcohol scavenging experiment, and kinetic simulation. Results show that PMSO is partially transformed into methyl phenyl sulfone (PMSO₂), thus evidencing Fe(IV) formation. The remaining degradation of PMSO is due to SO₄^?? and ^?OH. The contribution of Fe(IV) versus free radicals is progressively promoted when the Fe(III)-sulfite reaction proceeds, with an upper limit of 80–90%. The contribution of Fe(IV) versus free radicals increases with Fe(III) and sulfite dosages, and decreases with increasing pH. Overall, our findings demonstrate the involvement of Fe(IV) in the Fe-catalyzed sulfite auto-oxidation process.

     

Mechanistic insight into the biofilm formation and process performance of a passive aeration ditch (PAD) for decentralized wastewater treatment

• A Passive Aeration Ditch was developed to treat decentralized wastewater. • A model was developed to describe the process performance. • A high C/N ratio facilitates microbial growth but nitrification deteriorates. • A high salinity decreases both organic and nitrogen contaminants removal. Decentralized wastewater containing elevated salinity is an emerging threat to the local environment and sanitation in remote coastal communities. Regarding the cost and treatment efficiencies, we propose a passive aeration ditch (PAD) using non-woven polyester fabric as a feasible bubbleless aerator and biofilm carrier for wastewater treatment. Consideration has been first given to PAD’s efficacy in treating saline decentralized wastewater, and then to the impact of chemical oxygen demand-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio and salinity on biofilm formation. A multispecies model incorporating the salinity effect has been developed to depict the system performance and predict the microbial community. Results showed that the PAD system had great capacity for pollutants removal. The biofilm thickness increased at a higher C/N ratio because of the boost of aerobic heterotrophs and denitrifying bacteria, which consequently improved the COD and total nitrogen removal. However, this led to the deterioration of ammonia removal. Moreover, while a higher salinity benefited the biofilm growth, the contaminant removal efficiencies decreased because the salinity inhibited the activity of aerobic heterotrophs and reduced the abundance of nitrifying bacteria inside the biofilm. Based on the model simulation, feed water with salinity below 2% and C/N ratio in a range of 1 to 3 forms a biofilm that can reach relatively high organic matter and ammonia removal. These findings not only show the feasibility of PAD in treatment of saline decentralized wastewater, but also offer a systematic strategy to predict and optimize the process performance.     

Blockchain technology-based sustainable management research: the status quo and a general framework for future application

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The problems of data leakage and unreliable information transfer in the management process make sustainability management an inevitable need for...     

Exploring the embodied carbon flow interactive relationships in China from an ecological network perspective: a model framework and application at provincial level

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Energy-related carbon emissions take a large proportion in China, and the interregional trade caused by provincial disparities has led to significant...     

氨基酸对烷烃降解菌GS3C降解性能的影响

从广州石油化工总厂污水处理站旁的油泥混合物中分离筛选得到一株烷烃降解菌GS3C,从生理生化及16S rDNA基因扩增测序等方面进行了鉴定,并在振荡好氧培养条件下研究该菌的降解性能及酵母浸膏、碳源、氮源、维生素、水解酪蛋白等营养物对其降解的影响,同时考察不同氨基酸对降解的影响. 结果表明,该菌的16S rDNA基因扩增序列与Burkholderia cepacia的同源性为97%,初步断定该菌株属于洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌(Burkholderia cepacia),酵母浸膏能促进其对正十六烷的降解,其主要因素为氨基酸对降解的促进作用. 谷氨酸、脯氨酸、赖氨酸、缬氨酸及亮氨酸的混合物对降解菌GS3C的代谢促进作用最好,其中赖氨酸与脯氨酸为关键的2种氨基酸.      

纺织印染厂废水的深度处理中试及工程应用

采用曝气生物滤池(BAF)-臭氧-曝气生物滤池工艺对广东某大型纺织印染厂的常规水解酸化-接触生物氧化处理出水进行深度处理回用中试,在中试研究成功的基础上,设计了每小时处理5 t的工业化试验装置。试验运行结果表明:进水COD为100~150 mg/L,色度约80倍,浊度约10 NTU,在前BAF水力停留时间3 h,中间化学氧化池中臭氧投加量40 mg/L,后BAF水力停留时间2 h的情况下,经组合工艺处理后出水COD约30 mg/L,色度2倍,浊度<1 NTU,该工艺处理后的出水,可直接回用于对电解质浓度要求不高的生产工艺中,也可作为反渗透或纳滤膜的预处理工序。