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农业生产除受到干旱、洪涝等灾害的影响,病虫害也是影响农业收成的重要因素,农药也因此而成为一项重要的应对病虫害的措施。常见的农药品种有杀虫剂、杀菌剂、除草剂等。杀虫剂是应用最多的农药,且以有机磷及有机氯农药为主。有机磷农药是目前我国使用最广、用量最大的一类杀虫剂,常用的有数十种。由于其品种多、杀虫性能好、农作物中残留量较低,在农业生产中具有重要地位。 相似文献
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Effects of elevated ozone on growth and yield of field-grown rice in Yangtze
River Delta, China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
CHEN Zhan WANG Xiaoke FENG Zhaozhong ZHENG Feixiang DUAN Xiaonan YANG Wenrui 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2008,20(3):320-325
With rapid industrialization and urbanization in the Yangtze Delta, China, the tropospheric ozone concentration has increased to levels that induce crop yield loss. Rice, a widely grown crop in China, was investigated in field-established, open-top chambers. Four treatments were used: charcoal-filtered air (CF), non-charcoal-filtered air (NF), and charcoal-filtered air with two levels of additional ozone (O3-1 and O3-2). The AOT40s (accumulated hourly mean ozone concentration above 40 ppbv) were 0, 0.91, 23.24, and 39.28 ppmv.h for treatment of CE NF, O3-1, and O3-2, respectively. The rice height and biomass were reduced in the elevated ozone concentration. Less organic matter partitioning to roots under the elevated ozone significantly decreased rice root activity. The yield loss was 14.3% and 20.2% under O3-1 and O3-2 exposure, respectively. This was largely caused by a reduction in grain weight per panicle. 相似文献
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《国外农业环境保护》2011,(3):38-38
据新加坡《联合早报》6月11日报道,美国科学家表示,他们就快研制成新的"超级"小麦,这些超级品种不但能够抵抗致命病菌,更能将小麦收成提高多达15%。美国科研人员计划,下周于圣保罗举行的博劳格全球锈病大会上,呈现他们至今的研究结果。 相似文献
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