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1.
复杂人——机系统中的人因失误 总被引:26,自引:12,他引:26
随着人——机系统变得越来越多,装置的可靠性越来越高,人因失误已成为重要的潜在事故源。本文描述了复杂人——机系统的特征,探讨了该系统中人因失误的定义、分类、数据采集和事故模型。这些研究有助于对人因失误的预测、预防和减少。 相似文献
2.
对火工品可靠性(或安全性)评估中通常采用的经典方法进行了剖析。介绍了数理统计方法学中近年来兴起的Bayes统计推断方法,并给出了此法在火工品二项分布、正态分布情况下,对可靠度评估的应用实例。 相似文献
3.
模糊集值统计法在煤矿安全评价指标权值中的应用 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
应用模糊集值统计的理论 ,对煤矿安全评价中具有随机性和模糊性的指标进行数学分析 ,进一步改进了其权值的确定方法 ,使其更加符合实际情况 ,并对由此得出的权值进行了可靠性分析。通过实例表明 ,该方法克服了经典统计法的不足 ,提高了煤矿安全评价的实用性和科学性 相似文献
4.
The subsea wellhead connector is a critical connection component between subsea Christmas tree and subsea wellhead for preventing the leakage of oil and gas in the subsea production system. Excited by cyclical loadings due to environmental forces and the other support forces, the subsea wellhead connector is prone to the failure, which could lead to the loss of subsea tree or wellhead integrity and even catastrophic accidents. With the Monte Carlo simulation method, this paper presents a reliability analysis approach based on dynamic Bayesian Networks, aiming to assess the failure probability of the subsea wellhead connector during service life. Take the driving ring component of the subsea wellhead connector as an example to demonstrate the reasonability of the proposed model. The generation data is processed by the transform between the numerical value and the state variable. Based on the stress-strength interference theory, the structure reliability of the driving ring with 96.26% is achieved by the proposed model with the consideration the aging of the material strength and the most influential factors are figured out. Meanwhile, the corresponding control measures are proposed effectively reduce the failure risk of the subsea wellhead connector during service life. 相似文献
5.
6.
The gas detector layout should be highly attuned to combustible gas leakage and attain a good reliability in avoiding detector malfunction, which is an important guarantee for the normal production of the chemical industry and other related enterprises. Herein, a gas detector layout optimization method based on double coverage and reliability is proposed. The key gas leakage monitoring area is determined through layout scene field investigation. To improve the detection probability and detection system reliability, the dual coverage target and voting mechanism are set, and the gas detector layout is determined with the ray-casting algorithm according to the coverage target. Combined with FLACS software to simulate a variety of typical leakage conditions under different layout scenarios, the relationship between the leaked gas concentration detected by gas detectors in each layout scheme and time is obtained, and the gas leakage detection probability in each layout scheme, number of detectors that can trigger the alarm, shortest time to trigger the alarm and reliability are comprehensively evaluated. The decision-maker selects the final gas detector layout plan according to the evaluation results and actual site needs. The study shows that the detection probability of each layout scheme set according to the double coverage is high, and multiple detectors can trigger the alarm (up to 100%), which ensures that the alarm can be triggered within 10 s under all applicable conditions. According to the evaluation results, the decision-maker can obtain a layout scheme that not only agrees with the actual site conditions but also attains a high detection probability, short detection time and strong reliability. 相似文献
7.
Good natural resource management is scarce in many remote tropical regions. Improved management requires better local consultation,
but accessing and understanding the preferences and concerns of stakeholders can be difficult. Scoring, where items are numerically
rated in relation to each other, is simple and seems applicable even in situations where capacity and funds are limited, but
managers rarely use such methods. Here we investigate scoring with seven indigenous communities threatened by forest loss
in Kalimantan, Indonesia. We aimed to clarify the forest’s multifaceted importance, using replication, cross-check exercises,
and interviews. Results are sometimes surprising, but generally explained by additional investigation that sometimes provides
new insights. The consistency of scoring results increases in line with community literacy and wealth. Various benefits and
pitfalls are identified and examined. Aside from revealing and clarifying local preferences, scoring has unexplored potential
as a quantitative technique. Scoring is an underappreciated management tool with wide potential. 相似文献
8.
本文介绍了在产品研发和生产过程中如何有效地规划环境试验,讨论了如何在产品研制过程中的合适阶段选择合适的环境试验项目及试验要求。 相似文献
9.
六自由度气锤振动与电磁斜面振动是两种模拟产品三轴振动的振动技术。由于两种振动技术的机理不同,其对样品的振动影响也会有区别。本文研究讨论两种不同振动技术的不同特点,以及对不同产品的振动效果别,我们可以根据样品特点和测试需求,选择更合适的震动技术。 相似文献
10.
Safety climate measurement at workplace in China: A validity and reliability assessment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Si-Hao Lin Wen-Juan Tang Jian-Ying Miao Zhi-Ming Wang Pei-Xi Wang 《Safety Science》2008,46(7):1037-1046