Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of Toriello–Carey syndrome

Toriello–Carey syndrome is a rare malformative complex, described for the first time in 1988, characterized by agenesis of the corpus callosum, facial anomalies, cardiac defects and hypotonia. Relatively few neonatal cases have been reported. We describe here the first prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of the syndrome based on the detection of agenesis of the corpus callosum and spongious cardiomyopathy in a 22-week-old fetus of a couple with positive family history. The first sib of the couple was diagnosed with Toriello–Carey syndrome at 1 year of age, and had, in addition to the typical facial anomalies not detectable by ultrasound, agenesis of the corpus callosum and the same heart lesion (spongious cardiomyopathy). This report demonstrates that prenatal diagnosis of Toriello–Carey syndrome is feasible in the second trimester of pregnancy. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

煤沥青烟气对大鼠肺损伤及免疫功能的影响

采用自然吸入的暴露方法，通过分析肺灌洗液成分及脾脏淋巴细胞的转化功能，观察碳素厂冷压车间空气对大鼠肺损伤及免疫功能的影响，结果表明，在自然吸入染毒期间，引起大鼠肺灌洗液中乳酸氢酶、酸性磷酸酶和唾液含量或高，肺巨噬细胞及其Ｆｃ受体数降低，并且还引起脾脏淋巴细胞的转化能力下降。     

Neonatal lung function following mid-trimester amniocentesis

Three hundred and fifty-four women who underwent midtrimester genetic amniocentesis were matched for age, parity, indication, and smoking history, with an equivalent number of women who had declined the procedure, for the purpose of comparing the neonatal respiratory status of their offspring. There was no evidence that the infants exposed to genetic amniocentesis were compromised.     

医院传染病污水处理技术探讨

以杭州市第六人民医院的污水处理设施为例，阐述了医院传染病污水处理技术的基本思路，并进而探讨了其消毒参数选择和处理的经济性，总结了还存在的问题及解决途径。     

A study on Se application for improving the soil in the environment at lower Se level

A result that application of sodium selenite or fly ash to some of soilin loess plateau can increase Se content in wheat grain has been demonstrated by the pot and field experiments, and added Se in soil can last its availability for 3 years. So this is a good measure for improving the low Se soils and preventing the Kaschin-Beck disease.     

Hepatic calcifications in a fetus with trisomy 9 that underwent cordocentesis

Foci of calcification were observed at autopsy in the liver of a fetus with complete trisomy 9 on which two cordocenteses had been performed. It is suggested that liver calcifications are a possible complication of the procedure. As several other cases of calcifications in the liver and other organs of fetuses with autosomal trisomies have been described without a history of cordocentesis, further studies should be carried out to determine whether fetuses with chromosomal anomalies are more prone to thrombus formation and embolization.     

西安市PM2.5健康损害价值评估

选取2014、2015、2016年冬季PM_(2.5)(24 h)浓度平均值,采用泊松回归模型评价全市居民连续3 a冬季PM_(2.5)暴露的急性健康损害效应,修正的人力资本法评估过早死亡经济损失,疾病成本法评估住院、患病与门诊经济损失.结果表明,研究时段内(2014、2015、2016年冬季)由PM_(2.5)造成的经济损失约为335.23亿元(95%CI:249.61~369.75)、211.05亿元(95%CI:135.60~268.80)、371.32亿元(95%CI:272.46~411.64),分别约占当年GDP的6.10%(4.54%~6.73%)、3.64%(2.34%~4.63%)、5.91%(4.34%~6.55%);健康经济损失与当年冬季PM_(2.5)浓度均值呈正相关关系;PM_(2.5)污染物对西安市常住人口健康影响显著,影响的病例(2014、2015、2016年)分别约为1 071 338例(95%CI:646 432~1 385 847)、438 273例(95%CI:246 842~599 989)、1 019 503例(95%CI:611 407~1 324 547);对哮喘儿童患者的影响比成人显著,而慢性支气管炎的影响成人比儿童显著.该研究可为西安市实施PM_(2.5)空气质量标准的成本效益分析提供科学的依据,为环境质量的管理提供参考.     

川西高原大骨节病典型病区与饮水的相关性分析

本文通过调查川西高原大骨节病典型病区饮水水源类型和水化学特征,研究和探讨了病区不同流域、不同水源类型水的矿化度、PH值、腐植酸等与患病率的关系及病情与饮水质量的相关性,分析表明,大骨节病是诸多地质环境因素综合影响的结果,但饮水中的低矿化度、低总硬度、K＋＋Na＋、Ca2＋、Mg2＋、Cl-、SO24-、HCO3-等偏低...     

Spatiotemporal Patterns and Risk Factors for Lead Exposure in Endangered California Condors during 15 Years of Reintroduction

Large‐scale poisoning events are common to scavenging bird species that forage communally, many of which are in decline. To reduce the threat of poisoning and compensate for other persistent threats, management, including supplemental feeding, is ongoing for many reintroduced and endangered vulture populations. Through a longitudinal study of lead exposure in California condors (Gymnogyps californianus), we illustrate the conservation challenges inherent in reintroduction of an endangered species to the wild when pervasive threats have not been eliminated. We evaluated population‐wide patterns in blood lead levels from 1997 to 2011 and assessed a broad range of putative demographic, behavioral, and environmental risk factors for elevated lead exposure among reintroduced California condors in California (United States). We also assessed the effectiveness of lead ammunition regulations within the condor's range in California by comparing condor blood lead levels before and after implementation of the regulations. Lead exposure was a pervasive threat to California condors despite recent regulations limiting lead ammunition use. In addition, condor lead levels significantly increased as age and independence from intensive management increased, including increasing time spent away from managed release sites, and decreasing reliance on food provisions. Greater independence among an increasing number of reintroduced condors has therefore elevated the population's risk of lead exposure and limited the effectiveness of lead reduction efforts to date. Our findings highlight the challenges of restoring endangered vulture populations as they mature and become less reliant on management actions necessary to compensate for persistent threats. Patrones Espaciotemporales y Factores de Riesgo por Exposición a Plomo en Cóndores de California Durante 15 Años de Reintroducción