固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定地毯中总挥发性有机化合物

建立了一种固相微萃取与气相色谱质谱联用测定地毯中总挥发性有机化合物的方法,该方法简便快速,重现性好,分析结果同小型环境平衡舱法测定的结果比较吻合。     

臭氧-固定化生物活性炭滤池深度处理石化废水的试验研究

针对石化废水中不同特征污染物,采用人工分离筛选去除COD和油工程菌6株、硝化工程菌10株(亚硝化细菌5株、硝化细菌5株)构建高效混合菌群,通过臭氧固定化生物活性炭滤池除污染效能中试研究表明,该系统深度处理石化难降解有机废水是可行的,能同时实现去除COD、油类、NH3 N等污染物的功效,对COD、油类、NH3 N和色度的平均去除率分别为73 0%、90 5%、81 2%和90%,相应的出水分别为33 2mg/L、0 4mg/L、4 5mg/L和10倍,各项指标均达到了国家循环冷却水的用水要求,它的推广应用必将带来显著的环境效益、社会效益和经济效益。     

聚糖菌颗粒污泥的有机物吸收及胞内储存特性

采用特殊运行方式的厌氧-好氧SBR系统(厌氧后排水),在乙酸钠、葡萄糖及葡萄糖-乙酸钠混合基质条件下均培养出了稳定的聚糖菌颗粒污泥.通过对典型周期有机物、磷酸盐、胞内糖原及聚β-羟基丁酸(PHB)变化的测定分析,证明有机基质的种类对于聚糖菌能量利用模式、有机物吸收速率及胞内储存物质种类具有显著的影响.污泥初始胞内糖原水平是有机物吸收数量及吸收速率的关键影响因素,当糖原水平低于0.05g/gSS时,厌氧有机物去除率与糖原水平直接相关:而糖原水平高于0.05g/gSS时,厌氧有机物去除率趋于稳定.不同糖原水平污泥厌氧吸收有机物的速率具有明显差异,在厌氧初期有机物快速吸收阶段,有机物厌氧吸收速率随胞内糖原水平升高而增加.     

水解-好氧工艺处理生活污水

采用水解 好氧工艺 ,替代了WSZ F地埋式设备处理生活污水。既解决了设备腐蚀 ,又克服了停留时间不足的问题 ,同时提高了处理效果。     

P-SBR处理乙基胺废水的试验研究

采用加压曝气 序批式活性污泥反应器 (P SBR)处理乙基胺生产废水 ,进水CODCr2 6 0 0mg L ,出水CODCr≤15 0mg L ,CODCr容积负荷 3 0～ 8 0kg m3·d。该工艺具有降解有机物速度快 ,脱氮效率高 ,占地面积小等特点。     

Changes in soil microbial community structure associated with two types of genetically engineered plants analyzing by PLFA

With the rapid expansion of GEPs(genetically engineered plants), people are more and more concerned about the ecological risks brought by their release. Assessing the effect of GEPs on soil microbial ecology is indispensable to study their ecological risks. In our study, the phospholipids fatty acid(PLFA) method was used to analyze the microbial community of soil samples collected from fields with two types of GEPs-Bt transgenic com and PVY( potato virus Y) cell protein gene transgenic potato. The principal components analysis(PCA) showed all controls were on the right of related GEPs samples along the PC1 (the first principal component) axis, which means a decrease of fungi in soils with genetically engineered crop since most of PLFAs that are strongly positively correlated with PC1 represent fungi. For samples collected from Bt transgenic cornfield, the ratios of gram-positive to gram-negative bacteria were less than those of controls. For samples of transgenic potato field, these ratios were lower than those of controls when soils were collected from deep layer(20-40 cm), but were higher when soils collected from surface layer(0-20 cm). For soils collected from 0-20 cm, the ratios of fungi to bacteria for all GEPs samples were at the same level. So were such rations for all controls. Changes of soil microbial community in two types of GEPs fields were detected in our study, but the causes and more information still needs further study.     

噪声对脑内氨基酸水平的影响

用双波长薄层扫描色谱法探讨噪声对小白鼠脑内γ-氨基丁酸、牛磺酸、甘氨酸、谷氨酸水平的影响。小白鼠 80只随机分 8组,各组取脑,制备脑组织提取液进行测定。结果反映,90dB(A)以下各组与正常组比较,动物脑中 4 种氨基酸水平,无显著差异; 表明 90dB(A)以下噪声对神经系统功能障碍作用不大,对4种氨基酸的代谢影响较少;而经 103 dB(A)强噪声暴露后,其余 4 组动物脑内的 4种氨基酸含量均极显著减少,暴露的时间越长,这种减少越显著,即使停止暴露 ld后,也没有恢复正常,仍有减少的趋势。结果提示:强噪声导致神经系统功能障碍的原因,可能与脑内这些氨基酸水平极显著降低、氨基酸代谢严重失调有关。     

低浓度TCC/TCS对废水生化处理系统的影响效应

针对TCC/TCS广泛应用于洗涤化妆用品行业,同时带来对废水生化处理系统的毒性问题,采用混凝—厌氧—好氧处理工艺,研究TCC/TCS对生化处理系统的影响效应,并探讨系统的调控反馈机制,对于这类废水的处理工艺设计、工艺调控具有较高的参考价值。     

氯仿萃取法处理4-氨基安替比林的研究

用氯仿萃取法处理4-氨基安替比林可获得较低的空白测定消光值,并且步骤简便,易于操作。     

异烟酸-吡唑啉酮光度法测定水中总氰化物显色温度的选择

文章通过试验,给出异烟酸-吡唑啉酮光度法测水中总氰化物最佳的显色温度应控制在30～35℃.