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301.
QIN Min XIE Pin-hu LIU Wen-qing LI Ang DOU Ke FANG Wu LIU Jian-guo ZHANG Wei-jun 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2006,18(1):69-75
Measurements of nitrous acid (HONO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in Beijing City have been performed by means of a developed differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) system based on photodiode array (PDA), during the autumn of 2004. HONO and NO2 were simultaneously identified by their characteristic absorption bands in the spectral region between 337 nm and 372 nm with high sensibility and time resolution. The concentrations of HONO exhibit obviously diurnal variation with a nocturnal maximum and a daytime minimum. The highest HONO value up to 11.8 μg/m^3 was observed during the night of 2/3 September. Possible sources of the observed HONO were discussed. Good correlation to NO2 indicates that NO2 is a main source component. The measurement also shows direct emission of HONO is an imnortant source in strongly polluted urban area. 相似文献
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Degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in water by ozone-hydrogen peroxide process 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
IntroductionAt present, several types of organic pollutantsreferred to as environmental endocrine disruptors(ED) have been suggested to be associated withabnormal sexual development (Hu, 2000). It wasreported that the ED led to the decline of reproductive… 相似文献
303.
Investigation on Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd fractions in the natural surface coating samples and surficial sediments in the Songhua River, China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Natural surface coating samples (NSCSs) from the surface of shingles and surficial sediments (SSs) in the Songhua River, China were employed to investigate the relationship between NSCSs and SSs in fractions of heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd) using the modified sequential extraction procedure (MSEP). The results show that the differences between NSCSs and SSs in Fe fi'actions were insignificant and Fe was dominantly present as residual phase (76.22% for NSCSs and 80.88% for SSs) and Fe-oxides phase (20.33% for NSCSs and 16.15% for SSs). Significant variation of Mn distribution patterns between NSCSs and SSs was observed with Mn in NSCSs mainly present in Mn-oxides phase (48.27%) and that in SSs present as residual phase (45.44%). Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd were found dominantly in residual fractions (〉48%), and next in solid oxides/hydroxides for Zn, Pb and Cd and in easily oxidizable solids/compounds form for Cu, respectively. The heavy metal distribution patterns implied that Fe/Mn oxides both in NSCSs and SSs were more important sinks for binding and adsorption of Zn, Pb and Cd than organic matter (OM), and inversely, higher affinity of Cu to OM than Fe/Mn oxides in NSCSs and SSs was obtained. Meanwhile, it was found that the distributions of heavy metals in NSCSs and SSs were similar to each other and the pseudo-total concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in NSCSs were greater than those in SSs, highlighting the more importance for NSCSs than SSs in controlling behaviours of heavy metals in aquatic environments. 相似文献
304.
Selective extraction and separation of Fe, Mn oxides and organic materials in river surficial sediments 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In order to investigate the adsorption mechanism of trace metals to surficial sediments (SSs), a selective extraction procedure was improved in the present work. The selective extraction procedure has been proved to selectively remove and separate Fe, Mn oxides and organic materials (OMs) in the non-residual fraction from the SSs collected in Songhua River, China. After screening different kinds of conventional extractants of Fe and Mn oxides and OMs used for separation of heavy metals in the soils and sediments, NH2OH .HCl (0.1 mol/L) + HNO3 (0.1 mol/L), (NH4)2C2O4 (0.2 mol/L) + H2C2O4 (pH 3.0), and 30% of H2O2 were respectively applied to selectively extract Mn oxides, Fe/Mn oxides and OMs. After the extraction treatments, the target components were removed with extraction efficiencies between 86.09%--3.36% for the hydroxylamine hydrochloride treatment, 80.63%- 101.09% for the oxalate solution extraction, and 94.76%-102.83% for the hydrogen peroxide digestion, respectively. The results indicate that this selective extraction technology was effective for the extraction and separation ofFe, Mn oxides and OMs in the SSs, and important for further mechanism study of trace metal adsorption onto SSs. 相似文献
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采用均匀型和蛋白型Ru/TiO_2催化剂为湿式氧化催化剂,应用于催化湿式氧化非达霉素提炼废水,以出水COD和TOC去除率作为指标来评价2种催化剂的催化活性差异;采用实验室连续评价装置对柱状颗粒催化剂在不同pH、不同废水流量和不同温度下处理非达霉素提炼废水进行了优化评价。结果表明:在265℃、pH=4.1、废水流量为10 mL·h~(-1)时,催化剂的催化活性最高,故确定此条件为该废水处理的最优条件;同时对比均匀型和蛋白型2种催化剂,蛋白型催化剂具有更高的催化效率;结合SEM及N_(2~-)物理吸附结果,推断蛋白型催化剂活性组分集中分布在催化剂颗粒的较浅层,有利于降低反应过程中的扩散阻力,提高贵金属活性组分的利用率,进而提高催化剂的催化活性。以上结果对开发高效湿式氧化催化剂,充分利用贵金属活性组分降低催化剂成本具有十分重要的意义。 相似文献