北京昌平依法查封15处隐患出租房

为了深刻汲取"2.16"山东禹城蛋糕房亡人火灾教训,按照《消防安全专项整治三年行动实施方案》部署要求,昌平区消防救援支队近日集中对区级挂账隐患村开展消防安全调研,重点对沿街商铺用火、用电、用气情况以及是否存在三合一等情况开展消防安全检查。     

安全化春雨 润物细无声——北京金隅集团安全文化建设新尝试

很多人对北京金隅集团的最初印象,来自经常在户外见到的"金隅嘉业"房地产广告;或是听说金隅集团独家赞助了北京男女篮球队,"金隅"的名字不时出现在电视和报纸体育新闻中。当记者从北京市安全文化建设先进企业的名录中发现金隅集团赫然在册时,才真正将目光聚焦到了这家名声在外的企业。     

Carbonaceous aerosols in PM10 and pollution gases in winter in Beijing

An intensive observation of organic carbon (OC) and element carbon (EC) in PM10 and gaseous materials (SO2, CO, and O3,) was conducted continuously to assess the characteristics of wintertime carbonaceous aerosols in an urban area of Beijing, China. Results showed that the averaged total carbon (TC) and PM10 concentrations in observation period are 30.2±120.4 and 172.6±198.3 μ/m3, respectively. Average OC concentration in nighttime (24.9±19.6 μ/m3) was 40% higher than that in daytime (17.7±10.9 μ/m3). Average EC concentrations in daytime (8.8±15.2 μ/m3) was close to that in nighttime (8.9±15.1 μ/m3). The OC/EC ratios in nighttime ranging from 2.4 to 2.7 are higher than that in daytime ranging from 1.9 to 2.0. The concentrations of OC, EC, PM10 were low with strong winds and high with weak winds. The OC and EC were well correlated with PM10, CO and SO2, which implies they have similar sources. OC and EC were not well correlated with O3. By considering variation of OC/EC ratios in daytime and night time, correlations between OC and O3, and meteorological condition, we speculated that OC and EC in Beijing PM10 were emitted as the primary particulate form. Emission of motor vehicle with low OC/EC ratio and coal combustion sources with high OC/EC ratio are probably the dominant sources for carbonaceous aerosols in Beijing in winter. A simple method was used to estimate the relative contribution of sources to carbonaceous aerosols in Beijing PM10. Motor vehicle source accounts for 80% and 68%, while coal combustion accounts for 20% and 32% in daytime and nighttime, respectively in Beijing. Averagely, the motor vehicle and coal combustion accounted for 74% and 26%, respectively, for carbonaceous aerosols during the observation period. It points to the motor vehicle is dominant emission for carbonaceous aerosols in Beijing PM10 in winter period, which should be paid attention to control high level of PM10 in Beijing effectively.     

Distribution of Platinum group elements in road dust in the Beijing metropolitan area, China

Dust samples collected from the Beijing metropolitan area （China） were evaluated to determine the distribution and the concentration of platinum group elements （PGEs）. The dust particles that were smaller than 100 mesh size fraction （150 μm） were analyzed after aqua regia digestion. Concentrations ofPt, Rh, and Pd were found to be between 3.96 and 356.3 ng/g, 2.76 and 97.11 ng/g, and 0.1 and 124.9 ng/g, respectively, in the urban areas of Beijing, whereas for the background samples collected from the suburbs of Beijing, the concentrations of Pt, Pd, and Rh were very low and ranged from 0.1 to 0.9 ng/g, 0.5 to 1.4 ng/g, and 0.8 to 2.2 rig/g, respectively. The distributions of PGEs in road dust were an accurate reflection of the levels of pollution and were found to match with the local traffic conditions. A strong positive correlation was established among all the dements found in road dust. This suggests that emissions of abraded fragments from vehicle exhausts may be the source of the high concentration of Pt, Rh, and Pd in road dust along the main roads of Beijing.     

Ambient air quality trends and driving factor analysis in Beijing, 1983-2007

The interaction between pollution sources change and implementation of air pollution control measures was the main driving factor that caused the variation in air quality.     

城市生活垃圾生命周期分析及处理规划研究

生活垃圾处理规划是城市环境规划重要组成部分,为城市垃圾管理提供行动依据。本文以北京市为例,基于生活垃圾生命周期全过程的环境影响分析和资源化率核算,提出北京市生活垃圾优化处理框架,并纳入垃圾处理规划体系。结果表明规划方案优化了垃圾处理系统,环境影响可降低22％,资源化率可提高60％。     

北京机动车尾气排放特征研究

近年来随着机动车保有量的快速增加,北京市机动车排放污染受到越来越多的关注。本研究应用COPERTⅣ模型计算了北京不同类型机动车排放因子,根据保有量和年均行驶里程等基础数据计算了2009年机动车尾气污染物排放量;调查了北京典型道路车流量和车辆运行速度等参数,计算机动车尾气排放强度,得出了典型道路不同污染物的综合排放因子;应用COPERTⅣ模型分析了车速对不同污染物排放的影响,将基于G IS的机动车活动强度、行驶速度和排放因子结合在一起,得到了北京机动车尾气排放网格分布清单。结果表明:CO排放量为71.58×104t,HC排放量为7.95×104t,NOx排放量为8.77×104t,PM排放量为0.38×104t。北京城区高峰小时CO排放量为143.9 t/h,HC排放量为18.6 t/h,NOx排放量为12.5/h,PM10排放量为1.14 t/h。     

天津节能工作成绩获国务院表彰

转发新华网北京9月28日电,国务院近日通报表扬了"十一五"期间在节能工作中成绩突出的北京、天津、山西、内蒙古等8省(区、市)人民政府,以及在减排工作中成绩突出的山东、江苏、广东等8省(市)人民政府。9月27日,国务院召开全国节能     

奥运时段北京及近周边区域空气污染观测与比对分析

为研究奥运时段北京与近周边区域空气质量的相互影响,评价区域污染源协同减排对奥运时段北京空气质量的作用,寻求北京空气污染预警的有效途径,2008-06-01～2008-10-03在北京奥运村以及近周边的河北涿州、廊坊、香河、燕郊进行了空气污染联网观测.结果表明,夏秋季节北京和近周边首要污染物均为颗粒物,北京和周边可吸入颗粒物(PM10)平均质量浓度分别为(114±66)μg/m3和(128±59)μg/m3;细粒子(PM2.5)质量浓度则分别为(77±47)μg/m3和(81±51)μg/m3;臭氧质量浓度小时最大值的平均分别为(164±52)μg/m3和(165±55)μg/m3;NOx分别为(58±23)μg/m3和(25±14)μg/m3.相对于6月,奥运会时段(8月8日～8月24日)北京地区PM10、PM2.5、O3、NOx的浓度分别下降69%、62%、18%和41%,残奥会时段(9月6日～9月17日)PM10、PM2.5、O3、NOx的浓度分别下降56%、49%、17%和16%.北京大气中细粒子浓度受周边影响严重,而NOx有向周边扩散的潜势,夏季臭氧则表现出区域污染的特征.结合气象要素分析表明,近周边区域联网观测,有助于北京空气质量预警研究,并可为区域协同防控空气污染提供科学支撑.     

基于投入产出法的北京能源消耗温室气体排放清单分析

城市是一个巨大能源物资消耗体和温室气体排放体,相关研究受到广泛关注.本文以2007年为例基于投入产出法研究北京市能源消耗的温室气体排放量,计算得出CH4和N2O这两种常规温室气体排放量.结果表明,北京市2007年能源消耗温室气体排放量为3531.72万tCO2当量,其中CO2排放量为3514.40万t,CH4排放量为1734.32t,N2O排放量为435.83t.北京市工业部门仍然是主要的温室气体排放部门,其排放的温室气体占CO2总量的98.96%,CH4总量的88.48%和N2O总量的98.99%.不同最终使用部门中,政府部门消费产生的温室气体排放量超过总量的15%,高于城镇消费和农村消费之和;调出和出口部门的碳排放量超过总量的40%,所占比例最大.贸易中,隐含在调出和出口部门中温室气体排放量是隐含在调入和进口部门的十几倍.北京市不同行业的温室气体排放强度略优于全国水平.降低北京市温室气体排放量可从进一步优化产业结构,发挥科技减排的作用,提高不同产业的能源利用率等方面采取措施.