应及时治疗骨性关节炎

骨性关节炎是中老年人常见疾病，导致关节疼痛和活动障碍。有调查显示，在65岁以上的骨性关节炎患者中，有近半数病人丧失关节功能和劳动能力。     

用爱为矿工缔造自由呼吸的晴空——访中国煤矿尘肺病治疗基金会理事长濮洪丸

尘肺病是指长期吸入生产粉尘而引起的、以肺组织纤维化为主要特征的全身性疾病。受尘肺病危害的人群主要为煤炭、冶金、有色等矿山和建材、铸造、石粉加工、玻璃制造等工厂的粉小作业工人。目前，我国尘肺病患者和可疑小肺病患者约有百万之众，给国家和人民造成了巨大的损失。我国是煤炭生产和消费大国，从事煤炭生产的产业工人众多。由于煤矿特殊的生产环境，煤矿职工患尘肺病的概率较高，尘肺病已成为危及煤矿职工生命健康的“头号杀手”。     

寒头暖足益健康

20世纪70年代,我国在发掘长沙马王堆3号汉墓时,出土了大批的箭帛医书,在这批箭帛医书的《脉法》中记载:“圣人寒头而暖足,治病者取有余而补不足也。““寒头暖足“这4个字,既是我国古代医家泻实补虚的治疗准则,也是养生保健的重要原则之一。中医认为,头为诸阳之会,不宜接近高温。倘若头部温度太高,不但对健康不利,甚至会成为致病因素。医学研究也一再证明,长年坚持用冷水洗脸有预防感冒的作用。这是由于冬季气温低,人体最易患感冒,而坚持将脸和双手浸泡入冷水中,可迫使鼻、脸部位血管收缩乃至上身血管收缩,从而提高人体抗御风寒的能力,有效地预防感冒。     

Treatment of taste and odor causing compounds 2-methyl isoborneol and geosmin in drinking water: A critical review

Problems due to the taste and odor in drinking water are common in treatment facilities around the world. Taste and odor are perceived by the public as the primary indicators of the safely and acceptability of drinking water and are mainly caused by the presence of two semi-volatile compounds – 2-methyl isoborneol (MIB) and geosmin. A review of these two taste and odor causing compounds in drinking water is presented. The sources for the formation of these compounds in water are discussed alongwith the health and regulatory implications. The recent developments in the analysis of MIB/geosmin in water which have allowed for rapid measurements in the nanogram per liter concentrations are also discussed. This review focuses on the relevant treatment alternatives, that are described in detail with emphasis on their respective advantages and problems associated with their implementation in a fullscale facility. Conventional treatment processes in water treatment plants, such as coagulation, sedimentation and chlorination have been found to be ine ective for removal of MIB/geosmin. Studies have shown powdered activated carbon, ozonation and biofiltration to be e ective in treatment of these two compounds. Although some of these technologies are more e ective and show more promise than the others, much work remains to be done to optimize these technologies so that they can be retrofitted or installed with minimal impact on the overall operation and e ectiveness of the treatment system.     

Changes in different organic matter fractions during conventional treatment and advanced treatment

XAD-8 resin isolation of organic matter in water was used to divide organic matter into the hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractions. A pilot plant was used to investigate the change in both fractions during conventional and advanced treatment processes. The treatment of hydrophobic organics (HPO), rather than hydrophilic organicas (HPI), should carry greater emphasis due to HPO’s higher trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) and haloacetic acid formation potential (HAAFP). The removal of hydrophobic matter and its transmission into hydrophilic matter reduced ultimate DBP yield during the disinfection process. The results showed that sand filtration, ozonation, and biological activated carbon (BAC) filtration had distinct influences on the removal of both organic fractions. Additionally, the combination of processes changed the organic fraction proportions present during treatment. The use of ozonation and BAC maximized organic matter removal e ciency, especially for the hydrophobic fraction. In sum, the combination of pre-ozonation, conventional treatment, and O3-BAC removed 48% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), 60% of HPO, 30% of HPI, 63% of THMFP, and 85% of HAAFP. The use of conventional treatment and O3-BAC without pre-ozonation had a comparable performance, removing 51% of DOC, 56% of HPO, 45% of HPI, 61% of THMFP, and 72% of HAAFP. The e ectiveness of this analysis method indicated that resin isolation and fractionation should be standardized as an applicable test to help assess water treatment process e ciency.     

Differential response of multiple zebrafish hepatic F-box protein genes to 17α-ethinylestradiol treatment

Estrogens are accumulating in environment and their e ects on a variety of reproductive processes and tumorigenesis were reported by previous study, but the mechanism of estrogen promoting neoplasia was still not clear. F-box protein (FBP) is the component of E3 ubiquitin ligase which takes part in a variety of key biological processes. In this study, using mature male zebrafish, which are more sensitive to estrogen treatment, we examined influence of 17 -ethinylestradiol (EE2) exposure on the expression of a series of hepatic FBP genes, which take part in a variety of biological processes, including tumorigenesis. The influence of EE2 on the expression of hepatic mRNA concentrations of FBP genes were quantified based on the expression of the optimal internal control gene in male zebrafish after 7-day exposure to EE2, from a low-dose concentration (1 ng/L) to environmentally relevant concentrations (10, 100 ng/L). Our results showed that EE2 exposure reduced the expression of fbxl14a, fbxl14b, fbxo25 and -TRCP2b, but enchanced the expression of skp2. While the alterations in fbxl2, fbxw7, fbxo9, -TRCP2a, fbxl18 and fbxo45 mRNA levels were not observed after EE2 exposure. Thus, our results showed that the expression of hepatic FBP genes exhibited di erentially in male zebrafish exposed EE2. The changes of the expression level of FBP genes induced by EE2 may be an important clue to elucidate the correlations of estrogen and hepatic tumors.     

91例高血压性脑出血微创治疗分析

目的:探讨高血压性脑出血微创治疗的效果.方法:对2009年8月～2012年8月91例高血压性脑出血行微创治疗的患者进行回顾性分析.患者术后6个月回访,其治疗效果按Barthel指数评定法评定[1].结果:出院时日常生活功能评定(ADL),Ⅰ级55例,Ⅱ级20例,Ⅲ级10例,Ⅳ～Ⅴ级6例.6个月左右回访,日常生活功能评定(ADL),Ⅰ级59例,Ⅱ级18例,Ⅲ级8例,Ⅳ～Ⅴ级5例,死亡1例.结论:高血压性脑出血经微创治疗可有效缓解占位效应造成的脑组织受损,减轻周围脑组织水肿引起的继发性脑脑损害,减少病死率和致残率.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的防治(下)

睡眠呼吸暂停综合征宜早治 近年来,睡眠医学研究发现,常有胃酸返流症状的患者也会发生鼾症,高血压患者中约有一半的人有打鼾的症状.我国成年人中约有5千万以上的人打呼噜,其中症状严重需治疗的也在千万人以上. 打鼾的病人治疗要根据不同的原因进行不同的治疗,治疗方法的选择是决定治疗效果最重要的因素.基本上95％的打鼾病人都可通过不同的治疗方式达到满意的效果.常见的方法有以下几种. 手术序列治疗 手术是治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)的基本方法,手术治疗的目的在于减轻和消除气道阻塞,防止气道软组织塌陷.选择何种手术方法要根据气道阻塞部位、严重程度、患者是否有病态肥胖及全身情况来决定.常用的手术方法有以下几种.     

夏季:用药四忌 食补三宜

夏季用药四忌第一,忌过度服用发汗药。夏季人体易出汗,此时再服大量发汗药,势必大汗淋漓,可能导致休克等危重症状。第二,忌过度服用温热药。温热药用来治疗寒症,夏季大量服用常会出现发     

心理治疗帮助工伤职工恢复信心

<正>我国工伤康复工作在医疗康复、职业康复的临床与研究方面取得了较大进展,而工伤心理康复工作仍未得到足够的重视,工伤职工的心理健康教育、临床心理康复治疗与研究工作不尽人意,这方面的报道更是少见。工伤职工作为社会特殊的疾病群体,他们的康复尤其是心理康复对社会的发展、和谐和稳定具有重要意义。