燃煤锅炉烟气中可吸入颗粒物的声凝并研究

可吸人颗粒物排放控制技术是现阶段的一个研究热点.声凝并是一种新型的控制燃煤锅炉可吸人颗粒物排放的方法之一.在内壁光滑的圆筒反应器中.利用压电换能器产生行波可以对小颗粒产生凝并作用.凝并效率受到凝并时间、声强、声波频率以及烟气温度等因素的影响.在1～2.5kHz范围内,1.5kHz是较好的声波频率;在同一频率下,随着声强的增加,凝并效率会相应提高,同时能耗也增加;随着温度的升高,凝并效率也逐渐增加;对于PM2.5来说,最佳凝并时间为3.3s,凝并效率可达60%以上.     

图片新闻

2008年9月6日,中国在太原卫星发射中心用“长征二号丙”运载火箭,以一箭双星方式将“环境与灾害监测预报小卫星”A、B卫星成功送入太空。这是我国首次发射专门的环境卫星。卫星投入使用后,将与地面监测网络形成天地一体化的环境监测大格局。     

E ects of arsenic on seed germination and physiological activities of wheat seedlings

The effects of arsenic （As） were investigated on seed germination, root and shoot length and their biomass and some other factors to elucidate the toxicity of As. The results showed low concentrations of As （0-1 mg/kg） stimulated seed germination and the growth of root and shoot, however, these factors all decreased gradually at high concentrations of As （5-20 mg/kg）. The contents of O2^-, MDA, soluble protein and peroxidase （POD） activity all increased with increasing As concentrations. Soluble sugar content, ascorbate peroxidase （APX）, and superoxide dismutase （SOD） activities decreased at low concentrations of As, and increased at high concentrations of As. While acetylsalicylic acid （ASA） and chlorophyll contents, catalase （CAT） activity displayed increasing trend when the concentrations of As was lower than 1 mg/kg, and then decreasing trend. By polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （PAGE）, As induced the expression of POD isozymes of wheat seedlings. As induced the expression of CAT isozymes but inhibited the expression of SOD isozymes of wheat seedlings at concentrations lower than 1 mg/kg. However, As inhibited the expression of CAT isozymes but induced the expression of SOD isozymes at concentrations higher than 5 mg/kg. The results indicated As could exert harmfulness in the early development stage of wheat at inappropriate concentrations.     

电容电流对供电系统的影响及消除措施

结合单位供电系统现状,对在小电流接地系统中发生接地故障时电弧产生的原理、对供电系统安全的影响及通过消弧线圈进行消除的措施进行了阐述。     

Nitrogen sink in a small forested watershed of subtropical China

Global nitrogen (N) emission and deposition have been increased rapidly due to massive mobilization of N which may have longreaching impacts on ecosystems. Many agricultural and forest ecosystems have been identified as secondary N sources. In the present study, the input-output budget of inorganic N in a small forested watershed of subtropical China was investigated. Inorganic N wet deposition and discharge by stream water were monitored from March, 2007 to February, 2009. The concentrations and fluxes of inorganic N in wet precipitation and stream water and net retention of N were calculated. Global N input by dry deposition and biological fixation and N output by denitrification for forested watersheds elsewhere were reported as references to evaluate whether the studied forested watershed is a source or a sink for N. The results show that the inorganic N output by the stream water is mainly caused by NO3??-N even though the input is dominated by NH4 +-N. The mean flux of inorganic N input by wet precipitation and output by stream water is 1.672 and 0.537 g N/(m2 yr), respectively, which indicates that most of inorganic N input is retained in the forested watershed. Net retention of inorganic N reaches 1.135 g N/(m2 yr) considering wet precipitation as the main input and stream water as the main output. If N input by dry deposition and biological fixation and output by denitrification are taken into account, this subtropical forested watershed currently acts as a considerable sink for N, with a net sink ranging from 1.309 to 1.913 g N/(m2 yr) which may enhance carbon sequestration of the terrestrial ecosystem.     

基于贝叶斯-微分进化算法的小沿河应急水库(拟建)水质预测

为预测拟建小沿河应急水库蓄水后生态净化工程对水质的影响,构建河流污染物衰减模型和Streeter-Phelps模型对入库河道中高锰酸盐指数(COD_(Mn))、溶解氧(DO)、总磷(TP)以及氨氮(NH_3-N)进行预测,同时构建沃伦维德模型,预测库区TP及NH_3-N的浓度变化,并运用贝叶斯-微分进化算法得到最大可能的模型衰减系数。结果表明:应急水库生态治理工程对水质具有一定程度的提升,但是随着取水量的增大,小沿河应急水库对污染物的衰减作用逐渐减小,水生态平衡区富营养化程度由贫营养化程度转变成富营养化程度。在设计取水量50万m~3/d的条件下,生态净化工程对水质提升作用不明显。     

增压风机小旁路技术探讨

随着国家环保政策的日趋严格,为严格保证火力发电厂烟气污染物达标排放,HJ/T 179—2005《火电厂烟气脱硫工程技术规范石灰石/石灰—石膏法》中5.3.2.5在2008年修改为"新建发电机组建设脱硫设施或已运行机组增设脱硫设施,不宜设置烟气旁路"。旁路拆除后,增压风机设置小旁路及存在问题。     

淮安清江浦区 创新试点“X合一”联防联控专职安全员

淮安清江浦区辖区内企业特别是乡镇企业,基本是小微企业,二十多人甚至是十多个人就组成一家企业。这样的企业,年利润甚微,且大多没有专职的安全员,即便有安全员,其专业能力也不高。为此,清江浦区应急管理局将辖区内的黄码镇作为试点,建立专职安全员制度,创新开展了“X合一”联防联控专职安全员试点。     

东北小兴凯湖沉积物POPs污染特征及生态风险评价

采用GC-MS分析了小兴凯湖表层沉积物多环芳烃（PAHs）、有机氯农药（OCPs）和邻-苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）的污染特征,探讨了污染物的主要来源及生物毒性风险.结果表明：①小兴凯湖沉积物中PAHs含量范围在82.1~534.6 ng·g^-1之间,西北湖区含量较高.沉积物中OCPs和PAEs含量范围分别在4.8~50.4 ng·g^-1和33.3~401.6 ng·g^-1之间,东南湖区含量较高;②沉积物中PAHs以3~5环化合物为主（占85%以上）,主要为燃烧源,其中煤和薪柴燃烧贡献47%,汽油和柴油燃烧贡献39%,石油产品泄漏贡献14%.OCPs以六氯环己烷（HCH）为主（占78%）,主要来源于新的林丹的使用和少量工业HCHs的输入.PAEs以邻-苯二甲酸二正丁酯（DBP）和邻-苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己）酯（DEHP）为主（占94%）,生活垃圾和工农业生产为其主要来源;③小兴凯湖沉积物中PAHs、OCPs和PAEs在东北地区处于低水平污染,相比于国内其他地区的湖泊河流,总体处于低污染水平,目前无生态风险,但部分点位OCPs具有中度生态风险.     

特厚煤层沿空掘巷合理留设小煤柱的试验研究

为减少煤柱损失量,改善巷道维护现状和提高煤炭回采率,以庞庞塔煤矿10#特厚煤层为工程背景,采用理论计算、FLAC3D数值模拟和现场观测方法对该矿特厚煤层综放沿空掘巷留设的小煤柱宽度进行了研究。计算表明:小煤柱合理留设宽度为7.7～9 m。以小煤柱理论计算为基础,结合工作面端头侧的应力与煤柱侧向支承压力分布特征,提出了4种小煤柱留宽方案,通过数值模拟对比分析不同留宽煤柱在掘巷和回采阶段的围岩应力和受载变形情况,最终得出小煤柱合理留宽为9 m。工程实践表明:按9 m留设区段煤柱,并采用合理支护设计,巷道顶底板及两帮变形量较小,煤柱稳定性良好,留宽方案满足生产使用要求。