Application of the AERMOD modeling system for environmental impact assessment of NO2 emissions from a cement complex

We applied the model of American Meteorological Society-Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model (AERMOD) as a tool for the analysis of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions from a cement complex as a part of the environmental impact assessment. The dispersion of NO2 from four cement plants within the selected cement complex were investigated both by measurement and AERMOD simulation in dry and wet seasons. Simulated values of NO2 emissions were compared with those obtained during a 7-day continuous measurement campaign at 12 receptors. It was predicted that NO2 concentration peaks were found more within 1 to 5 km, where the measurement and simulation were in good agreement, than at the receptors 5 km further away from the reference point. The Quantile- Quantile plots of NO2 concentrations in dry season were mostly fitted to the middle line compared to those in wet season. This can be attributed to high NO2 wet deposition. The results show that for both the measurement and the simulation using the AERMOD, NO2 concentrations do not exceed the NO2 concentration limit set by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of Thailand. This indicates that NO2 emissions from the cement complex have no significant impact on nearby communities. It can be concluded that the AERMOD can provide useful information to identify high pollution impact areas for the EIA guidelines.     

Ozone sensitivity analysis with the MM5-CMAQ modeling system for Shanghai

Ozone has become one of the most important air pollution issues around the world. This article applied both O3/(NOy-NOx) and H2O2/HNO3 indicators to analyze the ozone sensitivity in urban and rural areas of Shanghai, with implementation of the MM5-CMAQ modeling system in July, 2007. The meteorological parameters were obtained by using the MM5 model. A regional emission inventory with spatial and temporal allocation based on the statistical data has been developed to provide input emission data to the MM5-CMAQ modeling system. Results showed that the ozone concentrations in Shanghai show clear regional differences. The ozone concentration in rural areas was much higher than that in the urban area. Two indicators showed that ozone was more sensitive to VOCs in urban areas, while it tended to be NOx sensitive in rural areas of Shanghai.     

虚拟应急物流协同预案编制与流程建模仿真研究

为提高我国应急物流预案运行实施的协同性,提出虚拟应急物流协同预案的概念,分析了虚拟应急物流协同预案的涵义、主要要素及体系结构,论述了虚拟应急物流协同预案编制的基本原则和步骤。在以上研究的基础上,采用着色Petri网理论对虚拟应急物流协同预案流程进行建模,设计了整体流程Petri网模型和各部分流程Petri网模型,并运用仿真软件CPN tools对模型的性能进行了验证,结果表明:模型具有良好的可达性、有界性、活性和公平性。     

Characterization of phosphorus species and modeling for its organic forms in eutrophic shallow lake sediments,North China

Variations of phosphorus （P） and its species in surface sediment of Baiyangdian Lake, a eutrophic shallow lake located in North China, were investigated through combination of field survey and numerical calculation based on cluster analysis. P fractionation was performed by a sequential extraction scheme, categorized as loosely bound P （NH4Cl-P）, reductant soluble P （BD-P）, metallic oxide bound P （NaOH-P）, calcium bound P （HCl-P） and organic P （Org-P）. P concentrations exhibited regional similarities and a total of four sub-areas were identified in which the same rank was HCl-P 〉 Org-P 〉 BD-P ,=NaOH-P 〉NH4Cl-E NH4Cl-P, BD-P and Org-P were found to contribute to P enrichment in overlying water column. Specifically, labile Org-P acted as a potential pool with a greater contribution in aerobic layer compared to anaerobic layer. A hysteresis （lag = 4 months） existed when labile Org-P concentration was negatively correlated with aerobic layer thickness. In view of magnitude of identified P contributors in sub-areas, higher potential of P release was present in Fuhe River and Tang River estuary areas. On the basis of calibration and verification, the mathematical model with parameter settings applied in this study was improved to serve as a tool for limnology management and eutrophic control.     

基于Petri网的进近操作管理模型研究

据世界民航所发生的飞行事故情况看,进近着陆阶段时间短、任务重、环境复杂,是飞行事故多发阶段,占很大的比重,因此进近着陆是保证飞行安全的重要阶段。大多数事故是发生在仪表着陆系统出现故障的非精密进近方式。以机组非精密进近的主要飞行操作为基础建立基于Petri网的事故致因模型,统计分析相关的致因因素,计算相关风险值,通过对数据的分析反馈,形成对相应飞行员的针对性学习及训练的系统性管理模式。     

建筑物作为涉危企业保护层探讨

针对某个固有风险不高的涉危企业甲类库房距离厂外道路路边不满足《建筑设计防火规范[2018版]》要求的案例,通过危险与可操作性分析（HAZOP）和保护层分析（LOPA）,并使用Gexcon公司开发的泄漏及爆炸危害分析软件FLACS进行事故后果模拟,来探讨建筑物作为保护层的可能性。采用HAZOP和LOPA分析库房内戊烷储罐发生火灾爆炸情景,不能确定厂外道路上活动人员和车辆的安全情况,通过FLACS软件进一步进行事故后果模拟,显示库房的防火墙可以作为保护层,火灾爆炸不会伤害到厂外道路上的活动人员和车辆。     

地震应急预案数字化关键技术研究

地震应急预案是地震应急救援的重要组成部分,是对突发地震灾害应急响应和全程管理的操作指南。阐述了地震应急预案在地震应急中的作用和使用现状,指出了数字化地震应急预案的意义。从地震应急预案的形式化描述、数字化建模和地震应急预案数字化系统与其它地震应急技术系统的集成等方面探讨了地震应急预案数字化的关键技术。     

多软件联合的煤矿三维数值建模方法及其应用

为了解决复杂三维地质模型构建耗时费力、难度大的问题,提出了一种联合多个软件的复杂三维地质模型快速构建的方法,以钻孔信息为基础资料,利用3DMINE建立岩（煤）层等高线,以dxf文件形式导入GOCAD生成岩（煤）层点阵数据文件,利用SURFER对点阵数据进行网格化处理,导入RHIRO软件之中生成ANSYS可读取的iegs文件,经过ANSYS划分网格后导入FLAC3D中进行数值计算。以山东郓城煤矿的地质模型构建为例进行介绍,给出了以该方法进行地应力反演后得到的区域应力场分布云图。通过多个煤矿应用表明:该方法建模速度快,摒弃了繁杂命令流式建模方法,通过数据的逐步对接,减少了中间过程的人为干扰和误差,兼顾了ANSYS优良的网格划分功能和FLAC3D数值计算能力,且效果较好,可在其他领域和行业复杂地质模型构建中推广使用。