中国安全生产科学研究院职业危害研究所

一、研究所简介 职业危害研究所是根据国家安全生产监督管理总局作业场所职业危害监管职能,适应我国职业危害防控新形势成立的集理论研究、应用研究、技术服务、产品开发、标准制修订等于一体的研究所,主要致力于作业场所职业危害防治策略和控制措施等理论与应用性研究、职业危害预防控制相关标准的起草、职业危害信息管理系统的研发、作业场所职业危害风险评估与管理,以及作业场所职业危害预防控制整体方案的设计、评估与改善等。     

二氧化碳变碳有望成真

英国《新科学》杂志日前载文介绍了德国化学家的最新发现,科研人员通过使用一种新型催化剂,以实现从二氧化碳中分离碳的目的,也就是模仿植物光合作用的过程,实现碳的循环利用.     

Transformations of particles, metal elements and natural organic matter in different water treatment processes

Characterizing natural organic matter （NOM）, particles and elements in different water treatment processes can give a useful information to optimize water treatment operations. In this article, transformations of particles, metal elements and NOM in a pilot-scale water treatment plant were investigated by laser light granularity system, particle counter, glass-fiber membrane filtration, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, ultra filtration and resin absorbents fractionation. The results showed that particles, NOM and trihalomethane formation precursors were removed synergistically by sequential treatment of different processes. Preozonation markedly changed the polarity and molecular weight of NOM, and it could be conducive to the following coagulation process through destabilizing particles and colloids; mid-ozonation enhanced the subsequent granular activated carbon （GAC） filtration process by decreasing molecular weight of organic matters. Coagulation-flotation and GAC were more efficient in removing fixed suspended solids and larger particles; while sand-filtration was more efficient in removing volatile suspended solids and smaller particles. Flotation performed better than sedimentation in terms of particle and NOM removal. The type of coagulant could greatly affect the performance of coagulation-flotation. Pre-hydrolyzed composite coagulant （HPAC） was superior to FeCl3 concerning the removals of hydrophobic dissolved organic carbon and volatile suspended solids. The leakages of flocs from sand-filtration and microorganisms from GAC should be mitigated to ensure the reliability of the whole treatment system.     

Denitrification potential enhancement by addition of external carbon sources in a pre-denitrification process

The aim of this study is to investigate the denitrification potential enhancement by addition of external carbon sources and to estimate the denitrification potential for the predenitrification system using nitrate utilization rate （NUR） batch tests. It is shown that the denitrification potential can be substantially increased with the addition of three external carbon sources, i.e. methanol, ethanol, and acetate, and the denitrification rates of ethanol, acetate, and methanol reached up to 9.6, 12, and 3.2 mgN/（g VSS.h）, respectively, while that of starch wastewater was only 0.74 mgN/（g VSS,h）. By comparison, ethanol was found to be the best external carbon source. NUR batch tests with starch wastewater and waste ethanol were carried out. The denitfification potential increased from 5.6 to 16.5 mg NO3-N/L owing to waste ethanol addition. By means of NUR tests, the wastewater characteristics and kinetic parameters can be estimated, which are used to determine the denitrification potential of wastewater, to calculate the denitrification potential of the plant and to predict the nitrate effluent quality, as well as provide information for developing carbon dosage control strategy.     

极地冻土低温力学特性及井眼坍塌风险分析

为解决极地冻土区油气资源储量极大但其力学特性和钻井井壁失稳机理尚不清晰的问题,对冻土岩样开展低温三轴力学特性实验,并基于此开展钻井井壁坍塌失稳相关数值模拟分析.结果表明:冻土的极限强度会随温度的降低和围压的增大而逐渐提高;冻土弹性模量尽管会随温度的降低而增加,但受围压影响较小,而泊松比基本不受温度及围压的影响;冻土内聚...     

石油工程服务分公司

石油工程西南有限公司油田工程服务分公司地处美丽的西部科技城－四川省绵阳市,是中石化集团公司推进专业化重组,在原石油工程西南公司工程作业分公司和工程作业二分公司基础上新组建的油气工程服务专业队伍。     

亲身体验——环境教育的有效途径

教育学意义上的“体验”既是一种活动过程,也是一种活动结果。作为一种活动过程,指学生亲身经历某事,并获得相应的认识和情感;作为一种活动结果,指学生从其亲历中获得认识结果和情感体验。因此,学校和老师要创设学生亲身体验的环境和机会让学生在‘做中学”,在实践中体验。这种体验不单指用耳朵听,用手去做,更强调用脑想,用心去体会,要调动全部感官系统和思维机器,全身心地投入,从而达到行为和认知的统一。     

哈马碧滨水新城——可持续发展社区的典范

瑞典首都斯德哥尔摩曾经闯入申办2004年第二十五届奥运会的最后一轮筛选,遗憾的是未能胜过雅典而取得主办权。但这个城市却在申办过程中意外地打造了一个可持续发展的社区——哈马碧滨水新城。它成为人们津津乐道的一处靓丽风景。     

住房和城乡建设部 国家安全生产监督管理总局关于认真吸取长沙“12·27”施工升降机坠落事故教训切实加强建筑安全生产工作的紧急通知

建质电[2008]124号各省、自治区、直辖市建设厅(建委)、安全生产监督管理局,新疆生产建设兵团建设局、安全生产监督管理局,江苏省、山东省建管局:2008年12月27日7时30分左右,湖南省长沙市上海城二期住宅工程19栋工地发生一起施工升降机坠落事故,造成18人死亡、1     

“望闻问切”保煤气动火安全

煤气具有易中毒、易燃易爆的特性,所以煤气设施动火作业十分危险。国家对煤气设施的动火检测有严格的规定,如含氧量分析、一氧化碳分析或爆发实验、可燃气体检测仪测定等。但在现实生产中,这些动火检测手段往往受条件限制,难以全部落实。这些限制条件包括：检测仪器价格较贵,企业难以配齐所有检测仪器;先天性设计缺陷或施工缺陷造成取样困难;设备抢修,时间仓促、紧迫;管理不到位,如吹扫环节与检测环节联系沟通不到位;