科学家研究发现:砍伐砂土植被或对气候威胁更大

正美国耶鲁大学等机构科学家的一项新研究发现,相比于其他土壤,砍伐砂土上生长的森林将更容易加剧全球气候变暖.土壤中的微生物能调节二氧化碳向外部的释放.砍伐森林会对土壤微生物的多样性造成破坏,这将降低土壤对二氧化碳的控制力,导致更多二氧化碳排放,并最终加剧全球气候变暖.研究人员对比了从美国11个地区采集的土壤后发现,不同质地土壤上的森林被砍伐后,土壤中微生物群落多样     

苏州地区黑碳气溶胶季节变化研究

通过对2011年7月至2012年4月苏州地区黑碳气溶胶浓度的季节变化与气象条件的关系进行分析研究,主要得出以下结论:水平风场、大气环流形势决定黑碳扩散条件;秸秆焚烧是秋季黑碳浓度增加的主要来源;降水是导致冬季黑碳浓度偏低的主要原因。     

Seasonal and diurnal variations of atmospheric peroxyacetyl nitrate, peroxypropionyl nitrate, and carbon tetrachloride in Beijing

Atmospheric peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN), peroxypropionyl nitrate(PPN), and carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) were measured from September 2010 to August 2011 in Beijing. PAN exhibited low values from mid-autumn to early spring(October to March) with monthly average concentrations ranging from 0.28 to 0.73 ppbV, and increased from early spring to summer(March to August), ranging from 1.37–3.79 ppbV. The monthly variation of PPN was similar to PAN, with low values(below detection limit to 0.18 ppbV) from mid-autumn to early spring, and a monthly maximum in September(1.14 ppbV). The monthly variation of CCl4was tightly related to the variation of temperature, exhibiting a minimum in winter(69.3 pptV) and a maximum of 180.6 pptV in summer. Due to weak solar intensity and short duration, PAN and O3showed no distinct diurnal patterns from morning to night during winter, whereas for other seasons, they both exhibited maximal values in the late afternoon(ca. 15:00 to 16:00 local time) and minimal values during early morning and midnight. Good linear correlations between PAN and PPN were found in autumn(R = 0.91), spring(R = 0.94), and summer(R = 0.81), with slopes of 0.130, 0.222, and 0.133, respectively, suggesting that anthropogenic hydrocarbons dominated the photochemical formation of PANs in Beijing. Positive correlation between PAN and O3 in summer with the low slopes( O3 / PAN) ranging from 9.92 to 18.0 indicated serious air pollution in Beijing, and strong negative correlation in winter reflected strong O3consumption by NO titration and less thermal decompositin of PAN.     

Acute and chronic toxic effects of Pb2+ on polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis：Morphological changes and responses of the antioxidant system

Perinereis aibuhitensis was used to assess adverse biological effects caused by acute and chronic Pb2＋exposure in artificial seawater under controlled laboratory conditions. In 96-hr acute toxicity experiments,the morphological changes showed a positive time/dose-dependent tendency,and the 96-hr LC50 value of Pb2＋was 686.41 mg/L. The responses of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in tissues including catalase（CAT）,peroxidase（POD）,superoxide dismutase（SOD）,glutathione peroxidase（GSH-PX）,malondialdehyde（MDA） and the content of total soluble protein（TSP）,were investigated on days 1,4,7 and 10 after Pb2＋exposure under chronic toxicity testing. Results showed that the activation of the antioxidant system in P. aibuhitensis depended on the Pb2＋concentration and the duration of exposure time.Specifically,POD and SOD activities were induced on the first day of the exposure and decreased to the control level on day 10 after exposure. Therefore,these two indexes could be used to indicate oxidative stress associated with P. aibuhitensis exposure to Pb2＋.     

国外河口城市气候变化适应策略及对中国的启示

<正>河口地区是遭受气候变化影响最为严重的区域之一。密集的人口、繁荣的经济使得河口城市根据当地的气候变化威胁制定相应的适应策略变得尤为重要和紧迫。英国伦敦、美国纽约和新奥尔良、日本东京、加拿大温哥华等国际重要河口城市已经制定了详尽的适应气候变化策略,其中有很多有益的经验值得我国的河口城市学     

1987-2006年厦门市土地利用变化检测分析

通过对厦门市五个时相的土地利用变化检测,分析了厦门市1987年-2006年间各分区的土地利用变化及各地类在各年间的变化情况,并分析其变化原因.     

专利资讯

正专利名称:铝塑分离再生利用系统专利申请号:CN201220363682.9公开号:CN202700829U申请日:2012.07.25公开日:2013.01.30申请人:安徽华翼金属集团有限公司一种铝塑分离再生利用系统,涉及铝塑分离技术领域,系统按工艺步骤依次包括破碎机、磨粉机组、除尘装置、物料提升机和铝塑静电分离机组,所述破碎机与磨粉机组之间设置有螺旋上料装置,磨粉机组与除尘装置之间通过管道密闭     

专利资讯

正专利名称:一种利用陶瓷电容器回收金属的方法专利申请号:CN201110232035.4公开号:CN102936657A申请日:2011.08.15公开日:2013.02.20申请人:江西格林美资源循环有限公司本发明申请提供一种利用陶瓷电容器回收金属的方法,先将废旧陶瓷电容器破碎成0.01~0.1 mm粒径的颗粒,在上述颗粒中加入碱和水混合均匀,进行焙烧,将焙烧后的物料用热水洗涤,然后进行过滤,滤液回收锡和铅,然后将滤渣用     

专利资讯

正专利名称:一种原纸切割机废纸回收系统专利申请号:CN201220605232.6公开号:CN202964751U申请日:2012.11.16公开日:2013.06.05申请人:程肖本实用新型公开了一种原纸切割机废纸回收系统,包括集纸器、进纸管道、风机、出纸管道和储纸器,进纸管道的两端分别与集纸器和风机相连接,出纸管道的一端与风机相连接;集纸器内远离进纸管道端的底端设置有圆弧结构;出纸管道的高度高于风机的高度,其出口向下,出纸管道向下出口处设置有集纸袋,集纸袋的下端与储纸器连接。通过将集     

五日生化需氧量测定的影响因素

五日生化需氧量是一种表间接表示水体中有机物含量,是水质监测的一个重要参数。本文对水样的保存、溶解氧、pH值、温度、接种稀释水和稀释度等影响测定五日生化需氧量成败的因素进行探讨,并提出相应的解决方法。