让"圣婴"胎死腹中

“厄尔尼诺”是西班牙语的音译,意为“圣婴”,也称“上帝之子”,指的是圣诞节前后发生在南美洲的秘鲁和厄瓜多尔海岸附近的表层海水温度异常升高现象。在正常年份,东太平洋赤道以南海域有一大片从海洋深处翻滚出来冷水区,这些上翻的冷水带有大量的营养物,引来大量的鱼虾来这里觅食和产卵,无疑,这对当地渔民而言是丰年。冷水区一旦消失,鱼虾不来了,或因水温偏高,造成鱼虾的大量死亡,这对当     

海洋在过去16年间不断变暖

美国一项最新研究发现,从1993年起,全球海洋的上层海水就开始变暖,这或成为气候变化的又一显著信号。海水中存储的这些能量足以支持点亮全球近67亿人、每人500个100瓦电灯泡所需的能量。     

冰岛座落在火山上的国家

<正>冰岛对于很多中国人来说,是个十分陌生的国家。只是在不久前,世界性金融危机的突然降临,才让我们的目光一下子集中到这一濒临"破产"的国家。如果问,冰岛气候有什么特点?很多人可能会想当然地认为:那里一定冰天雪地寒冷难耐,     

全球变暖

当前,全球变暖已然成为各国领导人面临的最为复杂的问题。一方面,由于越来越多的科学家指出,人为因素（主要是燃烧化石燃料和木材）造成的温室气体增加带来了更多危险,科学界就此的警告之声愈发强烈。另一方面,一些亟待解决的技术、经济和政治问题必须通过全球共同减排来完成。然而,     

城市抗击气候变暖的“杀手锏”

问题的起因 城市是人类文明的标志,也是现代社会政治、经济、贸易、金融、文化、教育和生活的中心。截至2008年底,全球总人口已经有超过一半居住在占全球陆地总面积仅仅3%的城市。据联合国组织预测,从2007年至2050年,全球总人口将从67亿增加到92亿,净增25亿人,而同期全球城市人口将从33亿增加到64亿,净增31亿人。     

气候变化：质疑与挑战

哥本哈根气候变化大会以后,气候变化受关注程度达到顶峰,科学、经济、政治等各界人士都开始从自身角度发表对气候变化的看法和质疑,尤其是近期出现的多次＂气候门＂事件,波澜迭起,使气候变化研究经历了有史以来最大的挑战和质疑。本文就当前争论最激烈的问题,包括气候是否在变暖、气候变暖的原因、气候变暖的影响及是否要发展低碳经济等进行了讨论和分析。     

Fluxes of CH4 and N2O from soil under a tropical seasonal rain forest in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China

CH4 and N2O fluxes from soil under a tropical seasonal rain forest in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China were measured for one year using closed static chamber technique and gas chromatography method. Three treatments were set in the studied field: (A) litter-free,(B) with litter, and (C) with litter and seedling. The results showed that the soil in our study was a sink of atmospheric CH4 and source of atmospheric N2O. The observed mean CH4 fluxes from treatments A, B, and C were -50.0±4.0, -35.9±2.8,-31.6±2.8 μgC/(m2·h),respectively,and calculated annual fluxes in2003 were -4.1,-3.1,and -2.9kgC/hm2,respectively.The observed mean N2O fluxes from treatments A,B,and C were 30.9±3.1,28.2±3.5,50.2±3.7μgN/(m2·h),respectively,and calculated annual fluxes in 2003 were 2.8, 2.6, and 3.7 kgN/hm2, respectively. Seasonal variations in CH4 and N2O fluxes were significant among all the three treatments. The presence of litter decreased CH4 uptake during wet season (P ＜ 0.05), but not during dry season. There was a similar increase in seedlings-mediated N2O emissions during wet and dry seasons, indicating that seedlings increased N2O emission in both seasons. A strong positive relationship existed between CH4 fluxes and soil moisture for all the three treatments, and weak relationship between CH4 fluxes and soil temperature for treatment B and treatment C. The N2O fluxes correlated with soil temperature for all the three treatments.