Enhanced photocatalytic activity of quantum-dot-sensitized one-dimensionally-ordered ZnO nanorod photocatalyst

An efficient photocatalyst was fabricated by assembling quantum dots （QDs） onto one-dimensionally-ordered ZnO nanorods, and the photocatalytic properties for Methyl Orange degradation were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence. The results indicate that the catalyst with assembled QDs is more favorable for the degradation than the pristine ZnO nanorods. The QDs with core-shell structure lower the photocatalytic ability due to the higher carder transport barrier of the ZnS shell layer. Besides its degradation efficiency, the photocatalyst has several advantages given that the one-dimensionally-ordered ZnO nanorods have been grown directly on indium tin oxide substrates. The article provides a new method to design an effective and easily recyclable photocatalyst.     

活化温度对SCAC制备过程中副产物生成规律的影响

文章研究了污泥-玉米芯活性炭(SCAC)制备过程中,活化温度对副产物(热解气和热解油)生成规律的影响。热解气和热解油分别采用气相色谱仪和气质联用仪进行分析检测。试验结果表明,随着活化温度的升高,SCAC的产量逐渐降低,热解气与热解油的产量则随之增多。不同温度条件下,热解气的主要成分均为H2和CO2,热解气中H2所占的体积百分数随着活化温度的升高而增加,而CO2则相应降低。此外,热解气中CH4的含量也会随着活化温度的上升而略有提高,说明较高的活化温度更有利于热解气的资源利用。热解油组分较为复杂,每个温度条件下的液态产物都包括上百种化合物,可分为烷烃,烯烃,苯类,酚类,腈类,杂环化合物,多环芳烃,有机酸,酰胺,酯类,甾体,醇,酮以及其他类共14大类型,其中以有机酸、腈类和甾体类有机物含量居多。随着活化温度的升高,有机酸和多环芳烃的含量有所增加,而酚类化合物的含量则有所降低;当活化温度升高至650℃以上时,甾体类有机物含量明显降低。     

小型餐饮点餐厨垃圾调查及资源化难点分析——以贵阳市为例

我国餐厨垃圾资源化体系建设中往往忽略小型餐饮点,但小型餐饮点数量多、客流量高,是餐厨垃圾重要产生源,因此有必要对小型餐饮点进行单独分析。2010年贵阳市被列为国家33个餐厨垃圾处理试点城市之一,文章选取贵阳市云岩区、南明区的小型餐饮点,从餐厨垃圾的处置现状和小型餐饮点经营者的社会意识两方面开展问卷调查。对调查结果进行汇总、分析,识别出贵阳市餐厨垃圾资源化体系建设的5个难点:(1)餐厨垃圾多流入养殖场,群众对此危害认识不足。(2)缺乏污染者付费意识,难以制定有偿回收价。(3)餐厨垃圾分类不合理,厨余垃圾未得到充分利用。(4)餐厨垃圾转运不规范,无完善的收运机构。(5)法律法规不完善,缺乏有效的管理系统。     

固相萃取-红外分光光度法测定水中的总油

建立了固相萃取(SPE)-红外分光光度测定水中总油的方法,并对固相萃取条件进行了优化,实验表明,对于1L添加2mg标准油的水样,其总油的回收率为86%-93%,多次重复实验测定的相对标准偏差为2.9%(n=6)。     

火车装油过程初期火灾扑救方法探讨

以敞口、小鹤管、人工装汽油为例,通过试验分析认为:通常采用的干粉灭火法从理论和生产实际来看都存在问题,细水雾法是适合火车装油过程初期火灾扑救的较好方法,具有安全高效的特点。     

ASTAR IR-200红外三波数测油仪自校方法

针对ASTAR IR-200红外三波数测油仪,提出仪器的自校方法。     

持久性有机污染物——21世纪中国面对的新型环境问题

核心阅读本文从POPs防控工作内容多,POPs污染现状不清和我国是世界上POPs的生产、使用和排放大国3方面,指出我国POPs消减与防控的长期性和艰巨性。并给出了加强标准制定、系统开展POPs重点污染区调查等建议,为我国POPs的管理提出了发展方向。     

油指纹快速分析辅助鉴别及油品信息可视化管理系统

针对海上溢油事故排查鉴别的需求,开发了一套油指纹数据管理和鉴别软件系统,系统包括综合信息数据库和数据分析鉴别两大组成部分。开发的数据库用来存储基础地理信息、油样空间信息、油样基本信息、油样二维谱图数据、油样特征指纹数据等。指纹分析鉴别模块实现了油样谱图的准确积分、特征指纹指标计算、油样比对鉴别、油样分类鉴别、油样检索排查等功能。系统开发完成后,在黄渤海多次溢油事故中得到了很好的应用,具有高效性和可靠性,极大提高了溢油事故排查工作的效率,为海上溢油事故执法调查提供了重要的技术支撑。     

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alter the response of growth and nutrient uptake of snap bean（Phaseolus vulgaris L.） to O_3

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus mosseae on the responses to elevated O3 in growth and nutrition of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv Guangzhouyuan) were investigated. Exposure was conducted in growth chambers by using three O3 concentrations (20 (CF), 80 (CFO1) and 120 nL/L (CFO2); 8 hr/day for 75 days). Results showed that elevated O3 slightly impacted overall mycorrhizal colonization, but significantly decreased the proportional frequency of hypha and increased the proportional frequency of spores and vesicles, suggesting that O3 had significant effects on mycorrhizal structure. Elevated O3 significantly decreased yield, dry mass and nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) in both non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal plants. However, significant interactive effects were found in most variables due to that the reduction by O3 in the mycorrhizal plants was less than that in the non-mycorrhizal plants. Additionally, AMF increased the concentrations of N, P, Ca, and Mg in shoot and root. It can be concluded that AMF alleviated detrimental effects of increasing O3 on host plant through improving plant nutrition and growth.     

废弃线路板热解油中酚类物质的提取与分离

将FR-4型废弃线路板热解,并对热解油中含量最多的组分-酚类物质进行分离提取.比较研究线路板热解油的分离提取方法,探索出"碱液处理-酸化-萃取-减压蒸馏"的新方法,对分离出的组分进行GCMS(气质联用)测试.结果显示运用该方法对FR-4型线路板的热解油进行提取分离,得到的总酚占热解油的62.0%,其中苯酚的最高纯度可达...