双碱法烟气脱硫技术影响因素分析

双碱法在中小型燃煤锅炉的烟气脱硫上有着较广泛的应用,它克服了其他湿法脱硫容易结垢的缺点,且脱硫效率高。主要介绍近几年国内双碱法烟气脱硫效率主要影响因素的理论和实验研究现状,分析了pH值、钠离子浓度、液气比、硫酸根离子的比例和进口二氧化硫浓度等因素对该技术的脱硫效果的影响,提出了该技术目前存在的问题及其今后的发展方向。     

燃煤火电厂石灰石—石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统日常运行环保监督考核方法探讨

从二氧化硫总量减排环保监督管理的实际出发,结合日常监督工作的实例,分析影响烟气脱硫效率的因素,找出脱硫系统容易出现的故障,提出对脱硫系统日常监督考核的重点,探索建立烟气脱硫系统监督考核方法。     

昆明市政污泥中植物养分含量与林地利用探讨

通过对昆明市5个污水处理厂污泥的实地采样,以常规方法对污泥进行了化学分析,同时在昆明周边林地进行土壤调查。结果显示,昆明污水处理厂污泥的含水率在80％以上,pH7～7．5,属中性反应;有机质含量、全氮（TN）、磷（TP）含量分别为567、51．4、57．2g·kg^-1,TN、TP养分大大高于传统农家厩肥中的含量。而昆明周边林地土壤中养分缺乏,需要适当的林地施肥。最后提出,林地利用是污泥资源化的有效途径。但由于污泥中含有大量有毒、有害物质,污泥的林地长期施用仍存在潜在风险,对环境及生产的实际影响仍需要长期、定位的试验研究。     

燃煤锅炉烟气氨法脱硫技术的应用

电厂燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫是减少和控制酸雨的有效手段。LS氨法喷雾脱硫技术具有脱硫效率高、环境效益好、资源综合利用的特点。以合成氨生产装置回收的低浓度氨水为吸收剂,实施锅炉烟气脱硫技术改造．取得良好的应用效果。     

Evaluation of mercury speciation and removal through air pollution control devices of a 190 MW boiler

Air pollution control devices (APCDs) are installed at coal-fired power plants for air pollutant regulation. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems have the co-benefits of air pollutant and mercury removal. Configuration and operational conditions of APCDs and mercury speciation a ect mercury removal e ciently at coal-fired utilities. The Ontario Hydro Method (OHM) recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was used to determine mercury speciation simultaneously at five sampling locations through SCR-ESP-FGD at a 190 MW unit. Chlorine in coal had been suggested as a factor a ecting the mercury speciation in flue gas; and low-chlorine coal was purported to produce less oxidized mercury (Hg2+) and more elemental mercury (Hg0) at the SCR inlet compared to higher chlorine coal. SCR could oxidize elemental mercury into oxidized mercury when SCR was in service, and oxidation e ciency reached 71.0%. Therefore, oxidized mercury removal e ciency was enhanced through a wet FGD system. In the non-ozone season, about 89.5%–96.8% of oxidized mercury was controlled, but only 54.9%–68.8% of the total mercury was captured through wet FGD. Oxidized mercury removal e ciency was 95.9%–98.0%, and there was a big di erence in the total mercury removal e ciencies from 78.0% to 90.2% in the ozone season. Mercury mass balance was evaluated to validate reliability of OHM testing data, and the ratio of mercury input in the coal to mercury output at the stack was from 0.84 to 1.08.     

Particle properties in granular activated carbon filter during drinking water treatment

The elemental composition and bacteria attached in particles were investigated during granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration.The experimental results showed that trapped influent particles could form new,larger particles on GAC surface.The sloughing of individuals off GAC surface caused an increase in effluent particles in the size range from 5 to 25 μm.The selectivity for element removal in GAC filters caused an increasing proportion of metallic elements in the effluent particles.The distribution of molar ratio indicated a complicated composition for large particles,involving organic and inorganic substances.The organic proportion accounted for 40% of total carbon attached to the particles.Compared with dissolved carbon,there was potential for the formation of trihalomethanes by organic carbon attached to particles,especially for those with size larger than 10 μm.The pure carbon energy spectrum was found only in the GAC effluent and the size distribution of carbon fines was mainly above 10 μm.The larger carbon fines provided more space for bacterial colonization and stronger protection for attached bacteria against disinfection.The residual attached bacteria after chorine disinfection was increased to 10 2-10 3 CFU/mL within 24 hours at 25°C.     

A2/O工艺中好氧污泥絮体的分形结构与理化特征分析

采用图像法和沉降柱法分别研究了A²/O工艺中好氧污泥絮体的形貌、粒度分布、低维分形维数和沉降速率、有效密度、空隙率以及质量分形维数,并尝试探讨了上述相关性质与这些污泥宏观操作性质(沉降、压缩、脱水和稳定性)相关的各种理化指标以及胞外高分子物质(EPS)的含量之间的变化关系.结果表明,污泥絮体呈现不规则的形貌,表面具有空隙.其有效密度一般随着其粒径的增加而降低,而空隙率和沉降速率却呈现与有效密度相反的变化趋势,这些均表明了污泥絮体的分形结构的存在.2次所采集的污泥絮体的中位直径分别为248.81、 332.86 μm,有效密度的平均值分别为0.004 0、 0.007 2 g·cm^-3,自由沉降速率的平均值分别为2.67、 4.79　mm·s^-1,空隙率的平均值分别为0.94、 0.89,一维分形维数分别为1.03、 1.19,二维分形维数分别为1.64、 1.84,采用基于Logan经验公式的有效密度-最大直径的双对数关系确定的质量分形维数分别为1.74、 2.29.尽管第2次所采集的污泥絮体较为密实,但其表面粗糙程度却比第1次的低.此外,研究中发现絮凝能力较高或负电荷较高的A²/O好氧污泥絮体具有高的SVI和ZSV值;分形维数较低的污泥具有高的剪切敏感性和低絮体强度,相应的污泥稳定性低;EPS总量高的污泥脱水性能差,EPS中蛋白质含量高的污泥其表面电荷也较高.     

泄爆面积比对泄爆门封闭泄爆特性的影响研究*

为研究泄爆面积比对泄爆门泄爆特性的影响,运用FLUENT软件建立煤矿井下1∶1巷道模型,在不同泄爆面积比的工况下对瓦斯爆炸传播规律及泄爆过程进行模拟,分析其变化特征和封闭泄爆效果。结果表明:S0工况条件下,压力和温度衰减后保持在0.29 MPa和565 K;S1~S4工况条件下,S4比S1,S2和S3达到封闭状态时间快780,260,50 ms,封闭时间最大节省70.91%;随着泄爆面积比的增大,封闭火区内的压力的峰值、峰值数量和达到封闭状态时间减小,泄爆能力增强;火焰速度峰值和衰减速率增大;温度的初始峰值、峰值数量和达到稳定状态时间减小,最大峰值反而增大,说明泄爆门对瓦斯爆炸火焰无抑制作用。     

耦合式SCR还原剂供给调节装置及控制技术的研究与应用

阐述了SCR喷氨调节控制常用的方法及存在的问题,提出了一种新型耦合式SCR还原剂供给调节装置及控制技术,并通过电厂实际案例对该调节装置与控制技术进行了说明。研究结果表明:该调节装置及控制技术可使脱硝效率相对稳定、出口NO_x的浓度不超标、喷氨不过量。     

湿式电除尘器在细颗粒物控制中的应用

论述了湿式电除尘器的工作原理、技术特点、结构及设计形式,探讨了湿式电除尘器在我国的应用前景。