Identification and assessment of environmental burdens of Chinese copper production from a life cycle perspective

The environmental burdens of Chinese copper production have been identified and quantified in the context of typical technologies, materials supplies and environmental emissions by a life cycle approach. Primary and secondary copper production using copper ores and scraps, respectively, were analyzed in detail. The flash and bath smelting approaches and the recycling of copper scraps were selected as representative copper production processes. A quantitative analysis was also conducted to assess the influence of material transport distance in copper production. Life cycle assessment （LCA） results showed that resources depletion and human health contribute significantly to environmental burdens in Chinese copper production. In addition, the secondary copper production has dramatically lower environmental burdens than the primary production. There is no obvious distinction in overall environmental burdens in primary copper production by flash or bath smelting approach. However, resources depletion is lower and the damage to human health is higher for flash smelting approach. Ecosystem quality damage is slight for both approaches. Environ- mental burdens from the mining stage contribute most in all life cycle stages in primary copper production. In secondary copper production, the electrolytic refining stage dominates. Based on the life cycle assessment results, some suggestions for improving environmental performance were proposed to meet the sustainable development of Chinese copper industry.     

再生金属行业技术培训现状与创新

阐述了再生金属行业培训工作的发展现状,对我国再生金属行业员工培训工作的内容、特点、效果进行分析,并对今后培训工作提出建议和设想。     

铜厂熔炼区污染源特征及环境参数分布特性

针对夏季正常生产的某典型铜厂熔炼工艺过程展开相关试验和实测研究。结果表明，污染源产生的颗粒微观结构不规则，其Rosin-Rammler粒径分布函数的均匀度指数为0.624,特征尺寸为104μm。该结果为熔炼工艺进行通风除尘数值模拟分析提供参考依据。出铜口处小于10μm的颗粒浓度均值约是排渣口处的40倍，并测得颗粒物上铜、砷元素占总元素质量比分别为11.03%和21.33%,故为保证出铜口处岗位环境中作业人员的健康，亟须提升出铜口处现有通风除尘系统的性能。熔炼区环境中SO₂主要来源于出铜工艺过程，出铜过程中SO₂短时间加权平均接触质量浓度为23.27 mg/m³,达到职业卫生标准中SO₂短时间接触容许质量浓度的2.33倍。结果可为通风系统高效设计、除尘设备合理选择、职业卫生标准工作场所有害因素职业接触限值的修订提供原始参考数据。