核废料深埋处理安全性分析的热—水—力耦合模型新进展

本文介绍了国际合作项目ＣＥＣＯＶＡＬＥＸ在核废料深埋处理安全性分析的热－水－力耦合模型研究方面的新进展。     

使用粘胶剂和有机溶剂企业劳动卫生调查

粘胶剂和有机溶剂中的苯、甲苯、二甲苯危害作业工人的身体健康.为了解我市企业在生产过程中使用粘胶剂和有机溶剂的情况,为防治其危害提供依据,我们对相关企业进行了劳动卫生学调查,现将结果报告如下.     

CDM的项目合格性识别分析

随着清洁发展机制(CDM)在全球的迅速发展,在中国也有越来越多的企业投入其中.在开发CDM项目的过程中,项目合格性的识别是第一步也是极其重要的一步,它关系到项目开发一系列步骤的顺利实施,更会对项目注册风险和减排量核证产生重大的影响.在识别项目合格性时需要考虑众多因素,其中最为重要的就是额外性分析,它是CDM项目的典型特征.另外,利益相关者的意见作为单独考虑的重要方面也需要引起足够的重视.     

Spatial analysis of plant detritus processing in a Mediterranean river type: the case of the River Tirso Basin,Sardinia, Italy

The river continuum concept represents the most general framework addressing the spatial variation of both structure and function in river ecosystems.In the Mediterranean ecoregion,summer drought events and dams constitute the main sources of local disturbance to the structure and functioning of river ecosystems occurring in the river basin.In this study,we analysed patterns of spatial variation of detritus processing in a 7th order river of the Mediterranean ecoregion(River Tirso,Sardinia0Italy)and in three 4th order sub-basins which were exposed to different summer drought pressures.The study was carried out on phragmites australis and Alnus glutionsa leaf detritus at 31 field sites in seasonal field experiment Detritus processing rates were higher for Alnus glutionsa than for Phragmites australis plant detritus.Processing rates of Alnus glutionsa leaves varied among seasons and study sites from 0.006d^-1 to 0.189d^-1 and those of Phragmites australis leaves ranged from 0.0008d^-1 to 0.102d^-1,with the lowest values occurring at sites exposed to summer drought.Seasons and sites accounted for a significant proportion of such variability.Alder detritus decay rates generally decreased with increasing stream order,while reed detritus decay rates generallyincreased on the same spatial gradient.Summer drought events affected these spatial patterns of variation by influencing significantly the decay rates of both plant detritus.The comparisons among and within sub-basins showed strong negative influence of summer drought on detritus processing rates.Similarly,in the entire River Tirso basin decay rates were always lower at disturbed than at undisturbed sites for each stream order;decay rates of reed detritus remained lower at those sites even after the end of the disturbance events,while alder decay rates recovered rapidly from the summer drought perturbations.The different recovery of the processing rates of the two leaves could also explain the different patterns of spatial variation observed between the two leaves.     

板料成形过程系统分析

此文从系统的角度就板料性能、板料毛坯的展开计算、模具设计与制造、摩擦与润滑、应力应变分析等诸多方面对板料成形过程作了一般分析.可知板料成形过程是一复杂的,需要考虑系统中各个因素之间的相互关系和影响才能得到合理的板料成形件.并从有限元法的角度,建立了板料成形过程模型.     

铁路煤扬尘抑尘试验研究

抑尘剂溶液喷洒在煤堆表面后,能使其表面粘结形成具有一定强度的硬壳,具有防尘作用.试验测定了未喷抑尘剂和喷有不同抑尘剂的煤样在30 m/s风速下的扬尘浓度,并在黑龙江省鸡西市华峰洗煤厂进行了现场试验.试验结果表明,喷洒抑尘剂对铁路煤运中煤抑尘效果有一定改善.铁路煤运过程中应用该抑尘剂不仅可以减少扬尘、保护环境,而且还可减少煤的流失.     

循环经济

循环经济：在技术层次上，循环经济是与传统经济活动的“资源消费→产品→废物排放”开放型物质流动模式相对应的“资源消费→产品→再生资源”闭环型物质流动模式。其核心是提高资源生态环境的利用效率。它的技术经济特征是提高资源利用效率，减少生产过程的资源和能源消耗；     

室内空气中甲醛污染与防治

甲醛是室内空气中最主要的污染物质之一,对人体健康有非常大的危害.本文采用国家标准方法--酚试剂分光光度法对成都50多处房屋室内的甲醛浓度及其变化规律作了具体的分析,结果显示,总样品甲醛平均浓度为0.141mg/m3,超标率为50%,各采样点甲醛最高浓度为0.296mg/m3,超过国家标准值的2倍多.甲醛浓度水平随着时间的推移先是有一个升高的过程,然后才不断降低,所以建议延长空置时间,增加有效通风量,请有关部门检验合格后方可入住.     

煤的微生物脱硫技术

综述了煤的微生物脱硫技术，对脱硫菌种、脱硫机理和脱硫过程作了介绍，并指出了目前存在的主要问题。     

颗粒移动床除尘系统流化再生器（上）

一、前言颗粒移动床除尘是近十几年发展起来的新型除尘技术,具有耐高温、耐磨损、耐腐蚀等优点,用途广泛。它利用移动的颗粒层对粉尘的捕集能力实现对含尘气体的过滤除尘。图1为颗粒移动床除尘系统的流程示意图。载体颗料自料斗流过床体;含尘气体呈错流穿过床层,其中所含粉尘被颗料捕集。捕集粉尘后的颗粒进入再生器进行清灰再生,然后由提升系