傅立叶变换红外光谱法在突发性污染事故监测中的应用

对突发性污染事故的应急监测需要各种便携、灵敏和快速响应的监测仪器，便携式傅立叶变换红外光谱仪为污染事故的应急监测提供有力支持。本文着重介绍该仪器的基本原理和应用情况。     

基于红外光谱与气相色谱耦合的海上溢油鉴别技术

随着海洋运输业和海洋资源开采事业的蓬勃发展,海上石油平台非法排污、船舶碰撞以及事故泄漏等突发性溢油事件频繁发生,造成了严重的海洋环境污染和资源浪费。面对日益增大的海上溢油风险,如何通过有效的溢油监测手段及早地发现油污、确定污染范围、查找污染源、预测溢油漂移趋势并及时采取各种有效措施对溢油污染加以控制,减小溢油造成的经济损失和环境危害,是海洋环境科学关注的焦点和热点问题。本文研究多元油指纹的耦合方法,探寻多元油指纹的内在耦合规律,将傅里叶红外光谱与气相色谱相耦合,建立红外光谱与气相色谱油指纹耦合模型,快速准确地确定溢油品种及其来源,实验结果表明,该模型可以准确地区分0#柴油、-35#柴油、大庆原油、内蒙古原油以及120#燃料油,其RSD分别为0.92%、2.68%、1.73%、0.33%、0.61%,每种油样对应的耦合曲线具有唯一性和准确性。可以为修复受损的海洋生态环境及发展海洋突发事件研究的理论体系提供技术支持,为我国海洋防灾减灾和维护国家海洋权益提供科学依据。     

水中油类测定方法对比探讨

测定石油类的方法主要有红外分光光度法、非分散红外光度法、重量法等,环保部门常用方法是红外分光光度法。为保护臭氧层,2019年我国开始实施新方法,针对污水和地表水采用不同的方法和萃取剂。本文对比方法的差异,结果无显著差异。     

Gd2O3-NiO 共掺对钇稳定氧化锆材料热物理性能的影响

目的研究Gd_2O_3-NiO共掺对钇稳定氧化锆材料热物理性能的影响。方法采用高温固相反应法制得Gd_2O_3-NiO共掺YSZ陶瓷材料。分别利用XRD、扫描电镜观察、激光导热仪、傅立叶红外光谱仪对陶瓷材料的晶体结构、微观结构、热扩散系数及红外透过率进行表征,并对其热导率进行分析。结果 Gd_2O_3-NiO共掺YSZ后,陶瓷材料单斜相含量减少,室温至1300℃的热导率相比YSZ降低,在2.5~5μm波长范围内红外透过率降低。结论 Gd_2O_3-NiO共掺对YSZ陶瓷材料热导率的影响机理为掺杂Gd_2O_3和NiO导致YSZ中单斜相(M)、四方相(T)和立方相(C)含量发生变化,同时YSZ晶格发生畸变。对YSZ辐射传热的影响机理为通过在YSZ中掺杂过渡金属元素Ni使陶瓷材料吸收特定波长的光,进而有效地降低在2.5~5μm短波长的红外透过率,降低其高温下的红外辐射传热。     

校园网的安全分析及防范措施

文章分析了校园网络存在的安全,提出了校园网安全的若干对策,提出了校园网安全规划的思想以及管理与技术并重的安全策略.     

展销厅——汇集引领市场的热点产品

ST-1202DN 1／2″智能型双电路多功能尖端摄像机；ST-3560CWH远距离日夜转换型高解析防水摄像机；ST—W0313SIR高解析彩色红外半球摄像机；ST-610X／100 10倍远距离红外一体化摄像机；ST-1301L 1／3“彩色自动转黑白摄像机。[编者按]     

安防领域中的电视数字监控系统

通常把防入侵报警、电视监控、出人口控制作为安全防范技术系统的三要素。而电视监控在其中的地位和作用日渐突出,这是因为图像(视频信号)本身具有信息量大的特点,是报警复核、动态监控、过程控制和信息记录的有效手段。有安防必有电视监控。应该指出:目前的电视监控基本上是经典应用     

Silver nanoparticles tolerant bacteria from sewage environment

Silver nanoparticle (SNP) is a threat to soil, water and human health. Protection of environment from silver nanoparticles is a major concern. A sewage isolate, Bacillus pumilus treated with SNPs showed similar growth kinetics to that without nanoparticles. A reduction in the amount of exopolysaccharides was observed after SNPs – B. pumilus culture supernatant interaction. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) peaks for the exopolysaccharides extracted from the bacterial culture supernatant and the interacted SNPs were almost similar. The exopolysaccharide capping of the SNPs was confirmed by UV-Visible, FT-IR and X-ray di raction analysis. The study of bacterial exopolysaccharides capped SNPs with E. coli, S. aureus and M. luteus showed less toxicity compared to uncoated SNPs. Our studies suggested that the capping of nanoparticles by bacterially produced exopolysaccharides serve as the probable mechanism of tolerance.     

Mechanism of Cd（II） adsorption by macrofungus Pleurotus platypus

The mechanism of Cd(II) uptake by the dead biomass of macrofungus Pleurotus platypus was investigated using di erent chemical and instrumental techniques. Sequential removal of cell wall components of the biosorbent revealed that structural polysaccharides play a predominant role in the biosorption of Cd(II). The adsorption kinetics fitted well with the pseudo second-order model suggested that the adsorption of Cd(II) on P. platypus involved a chemisorption process. Transmission electron microscopy of the cadmium exposed biomass confirmed the deposition of the metal mainly in the cell wall. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of the metal loaded biosorbent confirmed the participation of –OH, –NH and C–O–C groups in the uptake of Cd(II). Energy dispersive X-ray analysis of the biosorbent before and after metal uptake revealed that the main mechanism of adsorption was ion-exchange. The e ectiveness of CaCl2 in the desorption of cadmium perhaps suggested the exchange of Ca2+ with Cd(II).