强化渔民自我管理 促进渔业安全生产

近年来，福建省的渔业安全生产形势严峻。海洋渔业船舶的生产安全事故多发，严重威胁着广大渔民的生命财产安全，引起了各级政府的领导和有关部门的高度重视和关注。分析事故发生的原因，我们可以发现，除了海况恶劣等客观因素外，当前渔业安全生产的监管能力不足、体制陈旧也是导致事故发生的重要原因。因此，如何在短时期内无法完全改变现状的情况下，发挥主观能动作用，加强管理，     

智能安防系统助推工厂向智慧管理迈进

正"中国制造"已经在全球制造业中扮演重要角色,但一直以来,却不能摆脱"低端"的标签。近年来,随着劳动力、原材料、能源成本飞涨,以及招工难等现实问题的凸显,"中国制造"开始面临巨大挑战,利用自动化和信息化手段改进制造过程、寻求产业升级已经成为了制造从业者们的普遍共识。这几年,在"两化融合"等政策的带动下,许多工厂都实施了自动化和信息化改造,安防产品和技术在制造业的这一进程中得到越来越多     

船舶电子电气“学分制”人才培养方案的制定

船舶电子电气工程专业是教育部设置的特控专业,把学分制引入到该专业的人才培养中符合船舶电子电气应用性强、职业特色明显的特征。本文结合山东交通学院电子电气工程专业学分制培养方案的研究和制定情况,从学分制培养方案的制定指导思想出发,将船舶电子电气专业能力与课程相关联进行分析,建立集中实践教学环节,按专业知识模块完成了培养方案的制定。船舶电子电气工程专业引入学分制,在学习内容的选择性和时间的灵活性上体现出极大的优越性,对于船舶电子电气专业的建设发展具有很大的驱动力。     

汽车制造项目环境影响评价技术要点分析

本文在实际开展汽车制造项目环境影响评价的基础上,对汽车制造项目生产工艺及产污环节进行梳理,重点对废气、废水、固废、噪声源强核算过程和方法进行解析,对污染防治措施论证内容进行探讨,同时从清洁生产水平分析、政策相符性分析等方面的技术要点进行总结整理,梳理了目前汽车制造项目环评文件编制的要点核心,指出汽车整车制造项目环境影响评价中应关注的重点问题,主要在于挥发性有机废气源强和含氮、磷及重金属废水源强核算、物料平衡等,为下阶段汽车制造项目建设和环境管理提供参考。     

电解海水对模拟船舶柴油机废气的脱硝应用

采用无隔膜电解方法对海水进行电解,研究了电极间距、电解时间、电流密度等不同电解条件对电解海水中ρ（有效氯）的影响,并基于模拟船舶柴油机废气实验台以及自行搭建的喷淋反应系统,初步研究了电解海水的脱硝效果.结果表明:随电极间距由5 mm增至25 mm,电解电压逐渐增加,而电解溶液的pH变化不明显;随着电流密度与电解时间的增加,电解溶液中ρ（有效氯）近似呈线性增加.在电解电流密度为100 mA/cm2、电解时间为30 min时,电解溶液中ρ（有效氯）达到2 288 mg/L.当采用非循环喷淋模式进行脱硝试验时,随着电解海水中ρ（有效氯）的增加,NO去除率迅速提高,在ρ（有效氯）为872 mg/L时,NO去除率达到79%.电解海水溶液的初始pH对脱硝效果影响较大,当pH为6.0~8.0时,NO_x去除率高于40%.当采用循环喷淋模式进行脱硝试验时,随着电解海水中ρ（有效氯）的增加,NO去除率及其持续时间均明显改善,当ρ（有效氯）为2 288 mg/L时,电解海水的NO去除率高于80%,并且循环喷淋持续时间大于50 min.研究显示,电解海水溶液具有良好的脱硝效果,在船舶柴油机废气脱硝方面具有重要的应用潜力和研究价值.      

船舶大气污染排放的研究进展

船舶是大气污染的重要来源,其排放的NOx占化石燃料源的15%左右,SO2占人为源的4%~9%。国内外从3个方向开展对船舶大气污染的研究:(1)对大气气候影响;(2)源清单计算;(3)排放因子测量。船舶排放的多种污染物可改变空气质量;对大气辐射收支产生直接和间接影响;对海洋大气的成云效应产生影响。船舶源清单主要有2种计算方法:基于燃料消耗的方法,适用于长时间大尺度计算;基于船舶活动情况的方法,适用于高空间分辨率计算。排放因子测量有台架试验和空中烟羽测量2种方法:前者测量结果准确,条件设定自由;后者可行性高,并能提供颗粒物增长转化信息。国内研究尚处于起步阶段,需要建立完整的船舶排放清单,开展排放因子的测试和修正工作。     

国产首台套LED核心装备成功下线

LED作为重要的新型绿色光源产品．MOCVD设备是整个LEDH~明产业链中最关键的制造装备．其设备成本占整个芯片设备成本的50％左右。     

溢油鉴别数字化判定在船舶油污事故调查中的应用

本文以一起船舶油污事故的溢油源调查为例,简述了重复性限法、t检验法两种方法的判定原则及判定流程,具体介绍了两种方法在船舶油污事故溢油源鉴定中的应用。应用结果表明,重复性限法、t检验法是两种值得在船舶溢油事故鉴定中推广应用的判别方法,诊断比值的准确性是影响两种判定方法应用的一个重要因素。     

Antimicrobial activity of thin metallic silver flakes, waste products of a manufacturing process

The aim of the research was to develop new products and processes from a manufacturing waste from an Italian metallurgic company. The company produced thin silver metallic films and the production scraps were silver flakes. The possibility to use the silver flakes in water disinfection processes was studied. The antimicrobial activity of the flakes was investigated in batch using Escherichia coli as Gram-negative microorganism model. The flakes did not show any antimicrobial activity, so they were activated with two different processes: thermal activation in reducing atmosphere and chemical activation, obtaining, respectively, reduced flakes (RF) and chemical flakes (CF). The flakes, activated with either treatment, showed antimicrobial activity against E. coli. The kill rate was dependent on the type of activated flakes. The chemical flakes were more efficient than reduced flakes. The kill rate determined for 1 g of CF, 1.0 ± 0.2 min⁻¹, was greater than the kill rate determined for 1 g of RF, 0.069 ± 0.004 min⁻¹. This was confirmed also by the minimum inhibitory concentration values. It was demonstrated that the antimicrobial capability was dependent on flakes amount and on the type of aqueous medium. Furthermore, the flakes maintained their properties also when used a second time. Finally, the antimicrobial activities of flakes were tested in an effluent of a wastewater treatment plant where a variety of heterotrophic bacteria were present.     

Effect of manufacturing methods of AgCl/Al2O3 catalyst on selective catalytic reduction of NOx

The AgCl/Al2O3 catalyst has potential for use in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx. A compound hydrocarbon, following oxygenation is used as a type of reducing agent. In this experiment, the AgCl/Al2O3 catalyst was produced by four different methods, and the differences among their reduction catalysis of NOx were compared. Ethanol was used as a type of reducing agent. X-ray diffraction analysis was performed to study the crystalline structure and scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were applied to determine the microindentation. The results indicated that, in the range of 350–400°C, there was no significant difference on the NOx reduction rate; however, there was dispersion at high and low temperature ranges. The size of the AgCl particles was about 20–100 nm.