混凝土结构火灾损伤检测技术研究

对混凝土在火灾条件下的热像平均温升、抗压强度、超声波速和损伤深度进行了检测,获得了混凝土热像平均温升、抗压强度、超声波速和损伤深度随着温度变化的规律,并对影响混凝土热像平均温升和超声波速的因素进行了分析,为混凝土结构火灾损伤程度的现场检测提供了一种科学的技术方法。     

如何减少水泥罐"跑尘"?

随着现代建筑行业的高速发展,利用散装水泥生产混凝土这种适应大规模区域性建设的商品混凝土站应运而生。由于采用自动化集中搅拌,在保证质量的同时降低了生产成本,使得商品混凝工具有强大的生命力。水泥罐及其除尘装置是生产商品混凝土的重要组成部分,除尘装置利用含尘气流自身的余压,对悬浮在空气中的水泥微粒进行净化。商品混凝土站的水泥罐是暂时贮存     

碾压混凝土层面抗剪强度的细观数值研究

碾压混凝土 (RCC)层面抗剪强度关系到碾压混凝土坝的安全。笔者采用随机骨料模型模拟碾压混凝土的细观结构 ,利用有限元方法数值模拟碾压混凝土试件的细观损伤断裂和抗剪强度 ,将所得数值结果与混凝土重力坝设计规范参考值比较 ,结果较为吻合。同时对直剪试验尺寸效应进行研究 ,并给出提高层面抗剪能力的措施。     

改用煤气发生炉治理轻烧镁窑污染问题

概述了目前生产轻煤镁粉所带来的环境污染问题，介绍了煤气发生炉的工作原理以及应用于治理轻烧镁窑的工艺原理；重点分析了煤气发生炉的应用效果及尚存的问题。     

普宁市 一家八口葬身火海

2006年11月16日晚22时40分，广东省普宁市南径镇田南村一民宅发生火灾，一家8口葬身火海。失火民宅为一幢三层半的钢筋混凝土建筑，3层楼全部安装了防盗网，导致被困人员逃生之路被封死。火灾蔓延燃烧过程中，周围村民曾听到疑似煤气罐爆炸的声音和被困人员的呼救声，尝试提水灭火、撬网救人，但终因浓烟呛鼻蔽目未果。大火于次日凌晨零点25分被普宁市消防大队扑灭。     

氯盐类融雪剂污染及其腐蚀作用的初步研究

观察长春市主要街道使用融雪荆后残雪中某些元素的变化以及融雪剂对铺设该街道混凝土方砖的溶蚀作用。方法在降雪并撒布融雪荆后,采集长春市5条主要街道的雪样,测定样品的pH值及Cl^-、Na^＋、Ca^2＋、Mg^2＋、K^＋含量,并不同浓度融雪剂浸溃混凝土方砖,观察20天内的溶蚀作用。结果使用融雪荆的雪水中离子的浓度平均值明显高出对照样品（P〈0．01）,而pH值明显下降（P〈0．01）;浓度为10％的融雪剂在20天时可出现混凝土方砖腐蚀作用。20％的融雪剂溶液腐蚀作用最明显。结论融雪剂可明显盐化地面雪,并对混凝土方砖衣斌蚀诈硪。     

Effects of free iron oxyhydrates and soil organic matter on copper sorption-desorption behavior by size fractions of aggregates from two paddy soils

Effects of free iron oxyhydrates (Fed) and soil organic matter (SOM) on copper (Cu2+) sorption-desorption behavior by size fractions of aggregates from two typical paddy soils (Ferric-Accumulic Stagnic Anthrosol (Soil H) and Gleyic Stagnic Anthrosol (Soil W)) were investigated with and without treatment of dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate and of H2O2. The size fractions of aggregates were obtained from the undisturbed bulk topsoil using a low energy ultrasonic dispersion procedure. Experiments of equilibrium sorption and subsequent desorption were conducted at soil water ratio of 1:20, 25℃. For Soil H, Cu2+ sorption capacity of the DCB-treated size fractions was decreased by 5.9% for fine sand fraction, by 40.4% for coarse sand fraction, in comparison to 2.9% for the bulk sample. However, Cu2+ sorption capacities of the H2O2-treated fractions were decreased by over 80% for the coarse sand fraction and by 15% for the clay-sized fraction in comparison to 88% for bulk soil. For Soil W, Cu2+ sorption capacity of the DCB-treated size fraction was decreased by 30% for the coarse sand fraction and by over 75% for silt sand fraction in comparison to 44.5% for the bulk sample. Cu2+ sorption capacities of the H2O2-treated fractions were decreased by only 2.0% for the coarse sand fraction and by 15% for the fine sand fraction in comparison to by 3.4% for bulk soil. However, Cu2+ desorption rates were increased much in H2O2-treated samples by over 80% except the clay-sized fraction (only 9.5%) for Soil H. While removal of SOM with H2O2 tendend to increase desorption rate, DCB- and H2O2-treatments caused decrease in Cu2+ retention capacity of size fractions. Particularly, there hardly remained Cu2+ retention capacity by size fractions from Soil H after H2O2 treatment except for clay-sized fraction. These findings supported again the dominance of the coarse sand fraction in sorption of metals and the preference of absorbed metals bound to SOM in differently stabilized status among the size fractions. Thus, enrichment and turnover of SOM in paddy soils may have great effects on metal retention and chemical mobility in paddy soils.     

爆炸冲击载荷作用下双层钢板混凝土板与钢筋混凝土板动态响应对比研究

本文借助于通用显式动力分析软件LS-DYNA,采用流固耦合方法,分别对具有相同含钢量的双层钢板混凝土组合简支板和钢筋混凝土简支板两种结构在爆炸冲击载荷作用下的动态响应进行了数值模拟,其中空气和炸药采用ALE网格,简支板采用Lagrange网格,炸药采用JWL状态方程。通过对比分析,得到如下结果:在本文给定的计算条件下,当爆炸距离为0.5 m时,双层钢板混凝土组合简支板中心最大位移明显小于传统的钢筋混凝土简支板,具有更好的抗爆性;当爆炸距离增大到5 m时,两种简支板中心最大位移趋于一致;在爆炸冲击载荷作用下钢筋混凝土板下层出现明显的剥落,而由于钢板的约束,双层钢板混凝土组合简支板并未出现剥落现象。     

表面处理技术提高混凝土内置钢筋耐久性的研究

采用热喷涂Zn金属涂层、涂覆环氧树脂涂层和电沉积Zn/钝化等表面处理方式,对混凝土内置钢筋进行处理,通过电化学交流阻抗谱技术(EIS),探讨处理后的钢筋在混凝土中的腐蚀行为,并与未经防护的钢筋进行了比较。结果发现,在混凝土包覆的条件下,三种涂(镀)层对抑制混凝土内置钢筋的腐蚀均具有明显作用;相比之下,环氧涂层(保证涂层不遭受机械损伤或焊接破坏)抑制钢筋腐蚀的效果更好。