机械式模拟运输台仿真研究

模拟运输振动试验台作为一种机械式随机振动模拟器,能够较好地再现汽车运输振动环境。针对模拟运输台在调试、使用时具有一定盲目性的问题,进行了运动学仿真。仿真结果与实测数据吻合良好,验证了模型建立的正确性,调整模拟运输台上可变参数进行一系列的仿真,总结这些参数对于最终结果影响的规律。仿真结果表明,模拟运输台的台面振动由系统自激振动和凸轮带动台面强迫振动复合而成;台面上功率谱密度的第一主峰主要和系统的自激振动有关,第二主峰主要和凸轮带动台面的强迫振动有关。     

天津滨海新区首季工业单位产值能耗同比降8.7%

记者从天津滨海新区相关部门获悉,一季度,新区规模以上工业综合能耗631.8万吨标煤,万元产值能耗0.21吨标煤,同比下降8.7%,万元投资1.06吨标煤,节能降耗实现良好开局。据了解,新区通过加强对年耗能5000吨标煤以上企业清洁生产审核、2000吨标煤以上企业能源审计工作力度,建立节能改造项目库;围绕热电联产、能量系统优化、余热余压利用、锅炉改造等十大重点节能工程开展节能改     

国外产品碳足迹评价的发展

随着全球人口和经济规模不断增长,人类活动产生的温室气体的排放加速了全球气候变化及环境影响,而且这种影响越发严重。根据气候科学家的计算,到2050年,全球二氧化碳排放量的水平与2000年相比必须减少85％,才能使全球平均气温与工业化以前的水平相比上升不超过2℃。而高于这个温升水平将会给人类和生态系统带来无法预计的影响。因此,当前迫切的任务是加大力度减少温室气体的排放。     

法国阿托菲纳公司的安全管理

1 阿托菲纳(ATOFINA)公司简介 阿托菲纳公司在全球拥有员工7万多人,是全球最大的化工企业之一.公司的3个核心业务包括基础化工及聚合物(烯烃、芳香、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、苯乙烯、PVC、肥料)、中间体及特殊聚合物(氯化物及强碱、氟化及氧化物、硫化物、丙烯酸、工程聚合物及功能聚合物),以及特种化工(橡胶、油漆、胶粘剂、树脂及电镀产品).业务遍布全球五大洲,其中以欧洲、北美及亚为主.另外,公司在汽车工业与运输、包装、建筑及土木工程、体育休闲、保健美容、水处理、纸张、电子等诸多行业领域中都居于领先地位.     

Transport and fate of mercury under different hydrologic regimes in polluted stream in mining area

Seepage from Hg mine wastes and calcines contains high concentrations of mercury (Hg). Hg pollution is a major environmental problem in areas with abandoned mercury mines and retorting units. This study evaluates factors, especially the hydrological and sedimentary variables, governing temporal and spatial variation in levels and state of mercury in streams impacted by Hg contaminated runo . Samples were taken during di erent flow regimes in theWanshan Hg mining area in Guizhou Province, China. In its headwaters the sampled streams/rivers pass by several mine wastes and calcines with high concentration of Hg. Seepage causes serious Hg contamination to the downstream area. Concentrations of Hg in water samples showed significant seasonal variations. Periods of higher flow showed high concentrations of total Hg (THg) in water due to more particles being re-suspended and transported. The concentrations of major anions (e.g., Cl??, F??, NO3?? and SO4 2??) were lower during higher flow due to dilution. Due to both sedimentation of particles and dilution from tributaries the concentration of THg decreased from 2100 ng/L to background levels (< 50 ng/L) within 10 km distance downstream. Sedimentation is the main reason for the fast decrease of the concentration, it accounts for 69% and 60% for higher flow and lower flow regimes respectively in the upper part of the stream. Speciation calculation of the dissolved Hg fraction (DHg) (using Visual MINTEQ) showed that Hg(OH)2 associated with dissolved organic matter is the main form of Hg in dissolved phase in surface waters in Wanshan (over 95%).     

医药电子商务：新兴业态前奏曲

对比数据显示,2007年,美国就拥有1000家网上药店,市场规模将近1700亿美元。2010年,美国网上药店的销售规模占整个医药流通领域的近30％。     

Fouling distribution in forward osmosis membrane process

Fouling behavior along the length of membrane module was systematically investigated by performing simple modeling and lab-scale experiments of forward osmosis （FO） membrane process. The flux distribution model developed in this study showed a good agreement with experimental results, validating the robustness of the model. This model demonstrated, as expected, that the permeate flux decreased along the membrane channel due to decreasing osmotic pressure differential across the FO membrane. A series of fouling experiments were conducted under the draw and feed solutions at various recoveries simulated by the model. The simulated fouling experiments revealed that higher organic （alginate） fouling and thus more flux decline were observed at the last section of a membrane channel, as foulants in feed solution became more concentrated. Furthermore, the water flux in FO process declined more severely as the recovery increased due to more foulants transported to membrane surface with elevated solute concentrations at higher recovery, which created favorable solution environments for organic adsorption. The fouling reversibility also decreased at the last section of the membrane channel, suggesting that fouling distribution on FO membrane along the module should be carefully examined to improve overall cleaning efficiency. Lastly, it was found that such fouling distribution observed with co-current flow operation became less pronounced in counter- current flow operation of FO membrane process.     

现代物流绿色运输模式的节能减排潜力分析

介绍了现代物流绿色运输模式节能减排的机理及国内外研究与应用情况。以北京市三家店铁路货场改造为例,分析了现代物流绿色运输模式在北京市节能减排的效果。结果表明,以该模式运营后,三家店铁路货场可节约能源20 555 t/a(以标煤计,下同),减少PM2.5排放90.9 t/a;如按1 500万t/a进京货物计算,北京市可节约能源883 864 t/a,减少PM2.5排放3 908.7 t/a。在2012年物流业相关统计的基础上,结合该模式在北京运营的效果,分析了现代物流绿色运输模式对我国物流业节能减排的潜力,如对现有铁路闲置的2 546个货运站进行固定资产盘活改造,可节约能源5 000万t/a,减少PM2.5排放约20万t/a,同时激活沿途经济发展,节能减排潜力巨大。     

我国战略石油安全储备最优规模问题研究

在分析我国石油储备现状的基础上,以社会福利最大化为目标,通过建立静态局部均衡模型,并结合我国石油储备实际数据对模型进行参数估计和数值模拟计算,以求得我国最优的战略石油安全储备规模。结果表明:在目前我国石油进口需求价格弹性较小的情况下,应对十年一遇的石油进口中断危机最优的战略石油安全储备规模为80天进口量,而面对规模更大的石油进口危机则需要更多的石油安全储备量。     

油气回收技术推广介绍

<正>汽油在储存、运输过程中挥发的油气对环境、健康和安全产生的危害越来越引起人们的重视。据统计,中国石化作为我国最大的成品油供应商,2005年汽油产量就达到2.298×10~7t,如此巨量的汽油在储运环节中,每年排到大气中的油气可达几万吨。因此,全面推广油气回收技术,控制油气的排放,实现清洁生产,不但满足HSE等方面的需要。也体现了中国石化作为中央企业的一种社会责任感。