马齿苋的开发利用价值

主要介绍了马齿苋的分布、生长习性、营养价值和药用价值,以及医疗保健功能.在此基础上,分析了马齿苋的利用现状和开发应用前景.     

菝葜根茎中黄酮类化合物的提取与含量测定

对菝葜植物根茎中黄酮类成分进行了定量测定和定性分析.结果表明,在菝葜植物根茎中含有黄酮、黄酮醇、二氢黄酮、二氢黄酮醇等多种黄酮类化合物.以芦丁为标准品,用分光光度法测得菝葜根茎中总黄酮含量为3.36%.     

玉米乙酰乳酸合成酶活性的测定及其性质初探

为了解抑制剂对乙酰乳酸合成酶 (ALS)的作用机制 ,建立生理生化水平上 ALS酶抑制剂的筛选方法。详细研究了玉米离体和活体乙酰乳酸合成酶 (AL S)活性的测定方法。对酶反应条件的研究表明 ,底物丙酮酸钠的浓度和辅助因子氯化硫胺素焦磷酸盐 (TPP)、黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸 (FAD)以及氯化镁 (Mg Cl2 )的浓度在一定范围内对酶的反应有影响 ,温度和酸度也是影响该酶反应的重要因素 ;对酶反应产物显色反应的研究发现 ,α-萘酚和肌酸单钠盐共同协调影响显色反应的进行。玉米 AL S酶的比活力与反应时间呈线性关系 ,符合 Michaelis- Meten方程。烟嘧磺隆是玉米 ALS酶的非竞争性抑制剂 ,农大 1 0 8玉米 ALS的 Km为 (7.51± 1 .0 0 ) mmol· L- 1 。     

利用苦瓜子衣制备食用色素的研究

对苦瓜子衣色素的提取工艺及安全性进行了研究,确定了最佳提取工艺条件为:用乙醚作提取剂,提取剂用量为1∶40g/ml,提取时间为20min,提取温度为20℃,提取次数为2次。毒性试验表明:该色素的毒性很低,主要有毒元素的含量为Pb<2.0ppm、As<2.0ppm、Hg<0.01ppm。     

SATURATED SOIL HYDRAULIC CONDUCTWITY IN LOBLOLLY PINE PLANTATIONS ON DRAINED SITES1

ABSTRACT: Variation of in situ measured saturated hydraulic conductivity (KS) with stand age was examined in drained and intensively managed loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations on very poorly drained Bayboro loam soils. Stand ages studied were 1-year-old and 14-years old. No differences in Ks values were found between the stand ages. In addition, no differences in core measured soil properties were found between the stand ages, indicating that there were no differences in the pore structure of the soil matrix. There was large variation of Ks within stands and between stands within ages. The mean within stand Ks values ranged from 0.66 cm/hr to 4.85 cm/hr. The frequency of tests exhibiting pipe flow through large non-capillary voids was significantly greater in the older stands; however, the continuity of the voids in the soil, and whether or not non-Darcy type flow would occur in a saturated profile, could not be determined.     

薜荔瘦果的营养成分研究

首次对薜荔（ＦｉｃｕｓｐｕｍｉｌａＬ．）瘦果进行营养成分分析,结果表明：薜荔花被果胶含量为３２７０％,蛋白质含量为３８０％,总糖含量为２０３３％,总黄酮含量为１５１４％；薜荔种子果胶含量为１５１５％,蛋白质含量为１５７０％,粗纤维含量为２６２０％,总黄酮含量为２０８％；种子含油率高达３０１３％,油的多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比值（ＰＵＦＡ／ＳＦ）为１０９３；薜荔瘦果的维生素和矿质元素含量也很丰富。研究结果为合理开发研制薜荔保健食品提供科学依据     

浅谈LPG球罐开罐检验的安全管理

本文全面阐述了LPG球罐开罐检验工作的安全，强调在开罐检验步骤中始终将安全掺入到其中，安全管理要实行“四全”（全员，全过程，全方位，全天候），同时提出对于外来施工队伍的管理，各类施工作业的管理，现场直接作业的管理，安全措施的落实等，要突出重点，实行精细管理的管理思路。     

Mosaic triple trisomy in amniocytes from a phenotypically and karyotypically normal fetus

We report the detection of a mosaic triple trisomy, 46, XY/49, XY, + 13, +20, +21, in two amniotic fluid specimens obtained from a pregnancy that yielded a normal infant. Traditional cytogenetic methods failed to detect the abnormal cell lineage in fetal blood, foreskin, amnion, umbilical cord, and three different biopsies of the chorion. In addition, fluorescence in situ hybridization study of cells from a buccal smear showed no evidence of cells with three copies of chromosome 20.     

Soil N balance as affected by soybean maturity class in the Guinea savanna of Nigeria

Legume–cereal rotation may reduce the fertilizer requirement of the cereal crop and we hypothesize that the benefit depends on the maturity class of the soybean. Field trials were therefore conducted in 1995 in four Guinea savanna sites to monitor the effect of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivation on the N balance of the soil. In trial 1, an early (TGx1485-1D) and a late (TGx1670-1F) soybean were grown to maturity along with a maize (Zea mays L.) reference plot. In trial 2, six varieties of soybean (early: TGx1485-1D, TGx1805-2E and TGx1681-3F; medium: TGx1809-12E and TGx923-2E; late: TGx1670-1F) were grown to maturity along with a reference maize plot. The total nitrogen (N) content, aboveground N₂ fixed, and N remaining in the stover were higher in the medium and the late varieties than in early varieties. Also, the early varieties had higher nitrogen harvest indices (81–84%) than medium and late varieties (74–79%). From the N balance calculation, it was found that medium and late maturing soybean resulted in an addition of 4.2 kg N ha⁻¹ to the soil, whereas the early maturing varieties resulted in depletion of the soil N reserve by 5.6 kg N ha⁻¹ (P<0.05). On average, among the medium and late varieties, late maturing TGx923-2E resulted in an addition of 9.5 kg N ha⁻¹ to the soil. When the stover was not returned to the field, early soybean resulted in more negative N balance than the medium and late soybean (P<0.05). Therefore, planting an early variety of soybean for one season resulted in net depletion of soil N, even when the soybean residues were returned to the soil and N₂ fixed in the roots and N in the fallen leaf litter were included in the N balance calculations. Contrary to this, planting medium and late soybean for one season resulted in an addition of N to the soil. Therefore, medium and late soybean should be used as a preceding crop in legume–cereal rotation, if possible, to minimize or avoid depletion of soil N by early varieties of soybean.     

Impacts of Climate Change on the Distribution of Larix Spp. and Pinus Sylvestris and Their Climatypes in Siberia

Inter- and intraspecific effects of climate change were assessed for the dominant conifers of Siberia (60–140^∘E and 48–75^∘N): Larix spp. (L. sibirica, L. dahurica, and L. sukaczewii) and Pinus sylvestris . The approach employed a tri-variate (degree-days above 5 ^∘C, degree-days below 0 ^∘C, and a moisture index) estimate of the climatic envelope within which exists the actual ecological distribution of a species and their constituent climatypes (genotypes physiologically attuned to similar environments). Limits of the actual ecological distribution were approximated by reducing the climatic envelope according to effects of permafrost and interspecific competition. Climatypes were mapped within the climatic envelope according to the climatic interval that must separate populations for reasonable assurance of genetic differentiation. This interval was calculated from response functions that related 13-year growth and survival of a species to the difference in climate between the provenance of a climatype and the climate of numerous test sites distributed across Russia. Mapping species' distributions and their climatypes was done for the contemporary climate and for future climates predicted by the HadCM3GGa1 scenario of Hadley Centre. The results showed that if the forests of the future are to reflect the adaptedness of today, the distribution of species will shift and genotypes within species will be redistributed. Some contemporary climatypes are projected to disappear from Siberia while others common elsewhere would evolve. To mitigate these effects, climatypes should be transferred today to the expected future location of their climatic optima, a distance that is likely to approach 700–1200 km for these species.