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51.
Profiles of and variations in aluminum species in PAC-MC used for the removal of blooming microalgae
Polyaluminum chloride modified clay (PAC-MC) is a safe and efficient red tide control agent that has been studied and applied worldwide. Although it is well known that the distribution of hydrolytic aluminum species in PAC affects its flocculation, little is known about the influence of particulars aluminum species on the microalgae removal efficiency of PAC-MC; this lack of knowledge creates a bottleneck in the development of more efficient MCs based on aluminum salts. The ferron method was used in this study to quantitatively analyze the distributions of and variations in different hydrolytic aluminum species during the process of microalgae removal by PAC-MC. The results showed that Ala, which made up 5%–20% of the total aluminum, and Alp, which made up 15%–55% of the total aluminum, significantly affected microalgae removal, with Pearson's correlation coefficients of 0.83 and 0.89, respectively. Most of the aluminum in the PAC-MC sank rapidly into the sediments, but the rate and velocity of settlement were affected by the dose of modified clay. The optimal dose of PAC-MC for precipitating microalgae was determined based on its aluminum profile. These results provide guidance for the precise application of PAC-MC in the control of harmful algal blooms. 相似文献
52.
Aluminum (Al) is a neurotoxicant potentially affecting ionic, cholinergic, and dopaminergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system. These alterations are known to be associated with learning ability, adaptive responses, and other aspects of behavior. The present experiment was designed to study the neurotoxic consequences of Al exposure on neurotransmitters like dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE) along with the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Furthermore, Centrophenoxine (CpH) was administered as a post treatment to evaluate its potential in Al-induced neurotoxicity. The cognitive functions and memory loss were also studied after both Al and CpH administration. Al was administered orally at a dose of 40?mg?kg?1?day?1 for a period of 8 weeks, whereas CpH was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 100?1?mg?kg?1?day?1 for a period of 6 weeks. The study was carried out in four regions of the brain, namely cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, and hypothalamus. A significant reduction in AChE activity and different neurotransmitters was observed after Al exposure in the regions. CpH as a post treatment proved beneficial in restoring these alterations. Al exposure also affected the cognitive functions and short-term memory, which were significantly improved following CpH post treatment. 相似文献
53.
Danyang Liu Johny Cabrera Lijuan Zhong Wenjing Wang Dingyuan Duan Xiaomao Wang Shuming Liu Yuefeng F. Xie 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(4):69
54.
Structure of flames propagating through aluminum particles cloud and combustion process of particles 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Jinhua Sun Ritsu Dobashi Toshisuke Hirano 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2006,19(6):769-773
Structure of flames propagating through aluminum particles clouds and combustion processes of the particles have been examined experimentally to understand the fundamental behavior of a metal dust explosion. The combustion process of individual aluminum particles in a flame propagating through the aluminum particles cloud has been recorded by using a high-speed video camera with a microscopic optical system, and analyzed. The flame is shown to be consisted of a preheat zone of about 3 mm thick, followed by a combustion zone of 5–7 mm thick. In the combustion zone, discrete gas phase flames are observed around each aluminum particle. Also an asymmetric flame around a particle is observed, which might be caused by an ejection of aluminum vapor from a crack of oxide shell surrounding the particle. 相似文献
55.
作为武器装备、航空航天等多种现代工业领域热端部件中应用十分广泛的结构材料,铌合金在高温富氧燃流的冲刷下会发生严重的烧蚀现象,进而影响了其在超高温环境下的使用性能。研究发现,采用表面涂层技术能够有效提升铌合金的高温抗烧蚀性能。因此结合热端部件富氧、超高温的实际服役环境,首先介绍了国内外铌合金表面抗氧化烧蚀涂层领域的研究现状,对比分析了金属基和硅系陶瓷抗烧蚀涂层各自在抗氧化烧蚀性能上的优缺点;然后综述了近年来国内外有关热障涂层的研究进展,归纳总结了ZrO2基陶瓷涂层、稀土锆酸盐陶瓷涂层以及钙钛矿结构陶瓷涂层三种热障涂层材料的特点;最后对铌合金表面热防护涂层的结构设计以及未来的研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
56.
铝电解技术迈入了新的发展阶段,铝电解技术与设备的环保节能研究已成为技术发展的主题。在过去20年间,单位铝电解产品的全氟化碳(PFCs)排放削减量达86%。由于PFCs目前被认为具有高温室气体暖化潜势的气体,也是《京都议定书》控制的6种温室气体之一,对气候的影响能力不可忽视。全球各电解铝企业、环保部门及相关研究机构仍在不断努力探索各种减排措施。从铝电解工业中PFCs的排放状况、产生与排放机理、控制途径、激励措施等方面进行减排途径的研究和分析。 相似文献
57.
Soil aggregates were prepared from a bulk soil collected from paddy soil in the Taihu Lake region and aluminum (Al) dissolution, solution pH changes during copper (Cu2 +) sorption were investigated with static sorption and magnetic stirring. Kinetics of Cu2 + sorption and Al dissolution were also studied by magnetic stirring method. No Al dissolution was observed until Cu2 + sorption was greater than a certain value, which was 632, 450, 601 and 674 mg/kg for sand, clay, silt, and coarse silt fractions, respectively. Aluminum dissolution increased with increasing Cu2 + sorption and decreasing solution pH. An amount of dissolved Al showed a significant positive correlation with non-specific sorption of Cu2 + (R2 > 0.97), and it was still good under different pH values (R2 > 0.95). Copper sorption significantly decreased solution pH. The magnitude of solution pH decline increased as Cu2 + sorption and Al dissolution increased. The sand and clay fraction had a less Al dissolution and pH drop due to the higher ferric oxide, Al oxide and organic matter contents. After sorption reaction for half an hour, the Cu2 + sorption progress reached more than 90% while the Al dissolution progress was only 40%, and lagged behind the Cu2 + sorption. It indicated that aluminum dissolution is associated with non-specific sorption. 相似文献
58.
国际标准化组织颁布了ISO 9223~9226标准,根据金属标准试件在环境中自然暴露试验获得的腐蚀速率及综合环境中大气污染物浓度和金属表面润湿时间对大气腐蚀性进行分类,具有广泛的适用性。但一些观测也表明ISO标准尚需进一步完善,为此国际标准化组织在2012年更新了此标准。围绕ISO 9223-2012与ISO 9223-1992的区别展开讨论,旨在对ISO 9223-2012标准的技术更新进行解读。主要技术更新有二:一是根据特定海洋/工业环境特点增加了大气腐蚀性分级;二是改进了推测性腐蚀分级方法,避免了由金属表面润湿时间计算不准确造成的大气腐蚀性分级偏差。 相似文献
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