抽压混合式通风除尘系统布置方式的选择和技术参数的确定

根据我国双鸭山、徐州、大同等矿区通风除尘技术发展实践经验和系统的理论研究,对目前国内外煤矿常用的“长抽长压”、“长抽短压”、“长压短抽”、“单机前抽后压”、“独立式负压除尘”系统的布置方式、适用条件、技术特征、安全效益及优缺点进行综合评价分析,提出优化系统设计必须遵循多指标综合分析的选型为依据的原则,同时重点阐述了直接影响系统通风除尘效果的“工作面风量”、“除尘器处理风量”,巷道不同阶段“风速”等重要参数的确定方法和理论计算公式。对煤矿安全生产和通风除尘设计具有普遍意义。     

180度双入口脱硫吸收塔的优化模拟

本文针对1000MW超超临界燃煤机组,采用了180度双入口脱硫吸收塔,分别模拟和比较了单双侧进烟时,隔板对流场的分布状况,提出了最佳的布置方式。     

Experiences from phasing out the use of mercury in Sweden

The Swedish parliament has decided that the use of mercury (Hg) in society should be phased out by the target year 2000 and substituted with alternative, less harmful elements or compounds. This is to reduce exposure to the toxic heavy metal, levels of which have increased two to seven times in the Swedish environment during the last century. Mercury in products and goods in use in Sweden has been estimated at 100 tonnes Hg, which will slowly be released into the environment if no preventative measures are taken. To avoid handing over unsolved environmental problems and connected costs to future generations, the Swedish government commissioned the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to improve the efficiency of Hg collection and to find a solution for terminal storage of the waste. The result is that the Swedish EPA considers deep storage in rock, accompanied by technical measures to further reduce the risk of future Hg emissions to be the safest method. It has funded approximately 50 projects with the goal of spreading information about the Hg problem and removing Hg from society. The projects have focused on areas where there is a great risk of Hg in products and goods entering the environment. About 6 tonnes Hg has so far been collected in these projects – end of 1999 – and the cost of the Hg collected has varied between 70 and 1300 US$ kg^–1 Hg. The projects were more cost-effective than traditional inspection by an official due to local participation, use of Hg-tracker dogs, and employment of professional electricians in the search for Hg. The involvement of school children and the public has resulted in an increased awareness of environmental matters, and, together with the emptying of water seals, reduced Hg levels in municipal sewage sludge. Electronic Publication     

Integrating biodiversity considerations into urban golf courses: managers’ perceptions and woody plant diversity in the Eastern Cape,South Africa

Rapid rates of urbanisation affect biodiversity through habitat fragmentation and loss. Because urban golf courses are large green spaces, they potentially harbour much biodiversity if managed for such. The area of untransformed land of golf courses in the Eastern Cape (South Africa) was determined using Geographic Information System (GIS), the woody plant composition of a subsample was determined by field sampling and the greenkeepers were interviewed. There was a significant relationship between climate and woody cover, species richness and percentage native plants but not species diversity. There was no relationship between management scores and species richness, diversity and percentage native. Significant relationships were evident between woody plant species richness and course income, number of grounds staff, number of club members and greenkeepers’ years of experience. These results suggest a complex suite of factors that play a role in the woody plant composition of urban golf courses and their contribution to urban biodiversity.     

“积极井控”理念在石油企业推行探讨

井控工作是石油勘探开发企业安全工作的重中之重。文章就推行"积极井控"理念的背景和内涵进行分析,提出通过增强井控安全意识、风险评估、优化设计与科学决策施工工艺、完善配套井控装置、针对性的井控措施、提升应急处置能力等方面探讨在石油企业中如何推行"积极井控"理念的作法。     

Health sector recovery in early post‐conflict environments: experience from southern Sudan

Health sector recovery in post‐conflict settings presents an opportunity for reform: analysis of policy processes can provide useful lessons. 1 The case of southern Sudan is assessed through interviews, a literature review, and by drawing on the experience of former technical advisers to the Ministry of Health. In the immediate post‐conflict phase, the health system in southern Sudan was characterised by fragmentation, low coverage of health services, dismal health outcomes and limited government capacity. Health policy was extensively shaped by the interplay of context, actors and processes: the World Bank and the World Health Organization became the primary drivers of policy change. Lessons learned from the southern Sudan case include the need for: sustained investment in assessment and planning of recovery activities; building of procurement capacity early in the recovery process; support for funding instruments that can disburse resources rapidly; and streamlining the governance structures and procedures adopted by health recovery financing mechanisms and adapting them to the local context.     

起重机械轨道清扫器的失效形式分析与优化

轨道清扫器是起重机械上重要的安全防护装置之一.对于桥、门式起重机而言,因其轨道附近堆积物料复杂,轨道清扫器的设置与工作状况往往直接影响整机的安全.本文笔者探讨了传统轨道清扫器形式及其失效模式,自主研发的新型起重机械轨道清扫器能够很好的起到轨道清扫和避免运行车轮脱轨等危险事故地发生,保证了起重机械使用过程中运行的可靠性和...     

违章行为的分析与控制

运用分类分析的方法，依据违章时行为人所处的状况，确定违章行为的四种基本类型，并逐类分析其原因，提出了相应的控制防范要点。     

泄漏油火对邻近罐的危害特性研究

本文分析了泄漏油品形成地面流淌火灾的特点，研究了地面油品流淌火放热对邻近罐的危害能力，被火焰包围的设备温度升高情况，以及火灾的发展过程。对制定油罐安全间距和规范及对火灾的预防和扑救具有一定实用意义。