闪石X射线衍射谱上特征峰强度测定的实验研究

本文为《闪石族类质同象及晶体化学的X射线研究》这一专题的系列论文之二，阐述实验方法中的关键问题。通过用特殊的磨样及采用毛玻璃压样，结合计算拟合修正衍射强度等方法，研究了如何减轻乃至消除闪石族样品X射线图中310择尤取向问题，得出较为理想的结果。并讨论了如何判断在制样过程中可能产生的诸如水化、轻度蚀变及键定无序等影响强度测定精度的问题。提出了可行的实验方案。所提方法，对其他涉及修正强择尢取向的X射线衍射图的许多问题均可资借鉴。     

Vaginal bleeding in pregnancies associated with fetal Down syndrome

It has been suggested that vaginal bleeding in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of fetal Down syndrome. To investigate this, information on vaginal bleeding, collected at the first antenatal visit, was abstracted from the medical notes of 70 pregnancies associated with Down syndrome and 140 unaffected controls matched for maternal age. Fourteen cases (20 per cent) and 23 controls (16 per cent) had some evidence of bleeding (relative risk estimated as the odds ratio= 1.3; P=0.26, one-sided; 95 per cent confidence interval 0.6–2.8). When these results were pooled with those from the two other controlled studies already published the combined relative risk estimate was 1.8 (P=0.02, two-sided; 95 per cent confidence interval 1.1–3.0). On the basis of present evidence, there is some reason to regard vaginal bleeding prior to the first antenatal visit as a risk factor for Down syndrome but the association and its biological significance remains uncertain.     

First Trimester Prenatal Diagnosis of Metabolic Diseases: A survey in countries from the European Community

This paper presents the collected data concerning First Trimester Prenatal Diagnosis of Metabolic Diseases performed in different countries of the European Community by enzymatic methods using chorionic villi. In all, 258 diagnoses were made for 38 different metabolic diseases and 56 (22 per cent) affected fetuses have been detected. Several difficulties were encountered with regard to chorionic villus material or enzyme expression in this tissue. We stress the conditions necessary for avoiding errors in diagnosis.     

催化曝气-微电解工艺处理石油炼厂延迟焦化废水的中试研究

对石油炼厂延迟焦化装置废水进行了催化曝气 微电解工艺 1m3/h中试现场试验研究。检验了催化曝气单元和微电解单元的现场效果和影响因素 ,通过与小试所得结果的比较 ,结合电化学、多相流原理对装置的放大效应进行了分析。中试工艺的S2 - 及CODCr总去除率分别达 90 %和 75%以上 ,表现了较强的废水适应性和良好处理效果。     

滇池汛期超限制水位调控的实践与研究

基于对滇池海口闸水资源管理多年的工作实践，深入分析了滇池存在的蓄泄矛盾，结合滇池实际情况，提出合理调控滇池汛限水位，探索可持续发展的水资源管理策略。     

黑钨矿的氧扩散动力学

在水压100 MPa,温度500~800℃和富18O水的热液条件下,开展了黑钨矿氧扩散动力学的实验研究。并由离子探针质谱测定平行于c轴和垂直于c轴的黑钨矿氧同位素扩散剖面。经实验研究获得了黑钨矿氧扩散的Arren ius关系。黑钨矿平行于c轴氧扩散的指数前因子D0为1.15×10-6cm2/s,扩散活化能Q为171.4±7.4 kJ/mol;垂直于c轴的氧扩散的指数前因子D0为8.51×10-7cm2/s,扩散活化能Q为170.8±7.8 kJ/mol。黑钨矿的氧扩散无明显方向性。黑钨矿的氧扩散交换封闭温度低于透辉石、角闪石和金红石,高于钙长石,与磁铁矿十分接近。     

Cold-modeling study of a circulating fluidized-bed reactor for flue gas desulfurization (FGD)

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浅析建设项目可研报告评估中需注意的环保法律问题

简要介绍了我国环境保护法的立法过程、环境保护法律体系和与建设项目前期工作有关的部分法律条款，并针对建设项目可行性研究报告评估中易出现的环境保护法律问题提出了几点建议。     

Determining the risk of driver-at-fault events associated with common distraction types using naturalistic driving data

Introduction: Studies thus far have focused on automobile accidents that involve driver distraction. However, it is hard to discern whether distraction played a role if fault designation is missing because an accident could be caused by an unexpected external event over which the driver has no control. This study seeks to determine the effect of distraction in driver-at-fault events. Method: Two generalized linear mixed models, one with at-fault safety critical events (SCE) and the other with all-cause SCEs as the outcomes, were developed to compare the odds associated with common distraction types using data from the SHRP2 naturalistic driving study. Results: Adjusting for environment and driver variation, 6 of 10 common distraction types significantly increased the risk of at-fault SCEs by 20-1330%. The three most hazardous sources of distraction were handling in-cabin objects (OR = 14.3), mobile device use (OR = 2.4), and external distraction (OR = 1.8). Mobile device use and external distraction were also among the most commonly occurring distraction types (10.1% and 11.0%, respectively). Conclusions: Focusing on at-fault events improves our understanding of the role of distraction in potentially avoidable automobile accidents. The in-cabin distraction that requires eye-hand coordination presents the most danger to drivers’ ability in maintaining fault-free, safe driving. Practical Applications: The high risk of at-fault SCEs associated with in-cabin distraction should motivate the smart design of the interior and in-vehicle information system that requires less visual attention and manual effort.     

Comparative equilibrium studies of sorption of Pb(Ⅱ) ions by sodium and calcium alginate

The absorption of Pb(Ⅱ) ions from aqueous solution by different alginate compounds was studied in a batch sorption system.Water soluble sodium alginate and insoluble calcium alginate beads were investigated.The lead-binding capacity of both alginate compounds was highest within the pH range 6-8.The binding capacities and rates of Pb(lI) ions by alginate compounds were evaluated.The Langmuir,Freundlich,and Bruneaur,Emmet and Teller (BET) sorption models were applied to describe the isotherms and isotherm ...