折点氯化法处理高NH3-N含钴废水试验与工程实践

高NH3-N化学冶金废水是一种难处理废水。针对该类废水NH3-N高,含盐量高,难以生化处理的特征,首先对应用折点氯化法处理该类废水进行了实验室小试研究,根据试验结果进行了工程实践,出水达到了国家二级标准要求,并对工程实践中需注意的问题进行了总结。     

石化项目环境风险评价——以某拟建渣油催化裂解制丙烯等化工原料项目为例

以某拟建的渣油催化裂解制丙烯等化工原料项目为例,对石化项目环境风险评价的要点进行了分析,对项目的重大风险源进行了识别,并给出了最大可信事故及源强的确定方法,分别采用世界银行推荐的TNO气团爆炸公式及非正常状态下的面源模式对确定的最大可信事故后果进行预测,给出了风险计算和评价风险管理的结果.     

Organochlorine pesticides in soils under different land usage in the Taihu Lake region, China

A field study was conducted in the Taihu Lake region, China in 2004 to reveal the organochlorine pesticide concentrations in soils after the ban of these substances in the year 1983. Thirteen organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were analyzed in soils from paddy field, tree land and fallow land. Total organochlorine pesticide residues were higher in agricultural soils than in uncultivated fallow land soils. Among all the pesticides, ΣDDX (DDD, DDE and DDT) had the highest concentration for all the soil samples, ranging from 3.10 ng/g to 166.55 ng/g with a mean value of 57.04 ng/g and followed by ΣHCH, ranging from 0.73 ng/g to 60.97 ng/g with a mean value of 24.06 ng/g. Dieldrin, endrin, HCB and α-endosulfan were also found in soils with less than 15 ng/g. Ratios of p,p'-(DDD DDE)/DDT in soils under three land usages were: paddy field ＞ tree land ＞ fallow land, indicating that land usage inlfuenced the degradation of DDT in soils. Ratios of p,p'-(DDD DDE)/DDT ＞1, showing aged residues of DDTs in soils of the Taihu Lake region. The results were discussed with data from a former study that showed very low actual concentrations of HCH and DDT in soils in the Taihu Lake region, but according to the chemical half-lives and their concentrations in soils in 1980s, the concentration of DDT in soils seemed to be underestimated. In any case our data show that the ban on the use of HCH and DDT resulted in a tremendous reduction of these pesticide residues in soils, but there are still high amounts of pesticide residues in soils, which need more remediation processes.     

中国突发性环境污染事故应急监测研究

通过对近十多年(1994～2006)来我国有关突发性环境污染事故应急监测研究的文献进行统计、研读分析,文章得出我国突发性环境污染事故应急监测研究的进展:研究成果数量增加缓慢,质量提高较为明显;基础领域研究较为成熟,符合中国国情的应急监测程序体系初步形成,应急监测技术与方法较为先进,网络技术和GIS技术运用良好;应急监测立法体系落后,应急监测预案体系有待完善。     

球衣菌属的研究概况

球衣菌是一种具有典型鞘结构的丝状细菌 ,广泛存在于活性污泥以及受污染的水体中。介绍了该菌的形态结构、生理生化特征等生物学特性、分离纯化和保藏方法及其在环保上的应用     

Synthesized magnetic nanoparticles coated zeolite for the adsorption of pharmaceutical compounds from aqueous solution using batch and column studies

The contamination of fresh water with pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) has risen during the last few years. The adsorption of some PPCPs namely, Diclofenac-Na, Naproxen, Gemfibrozil and Ibuprofen from aqueous solution has been studied, magnetic nanoparticles coated zeolite (MNCZ) has been used as the adsorbent. Batch adsorption experiment was conducted to study the influences of different adsorption parameters such as contact time, solution pH and PPCPs concentrations in order to optimize the reaction conditions. The removal was favored at low pH values. Thus, as pH turns from acidic to basic conditions these compounds were less efficiently removed. The initial concentration does not appear to exert a noticeable effect on the removal efficiency of the studied PPCPs at low concentrations, but it showed less removal efficiency during high concentration of PPCPs especially for Ibuprofen. The removal of Diclofenac-Na was independent on time, while the contact time was of significant effect on the adsorption of Naproxen, Gemfibrozil and Ibuprofen even though these compounds were removed up to 95% during 10 min using MNCZ. From the isotherm adsorption study, the adsorption of PPCPs studied on MNCZ was best fitted with Freundlich isotherm equation. Pseudo-second order model providing the best fit model with the experimental data. Column adsorption study was conducted to compare the removal efficiency of MNCZ with other processes used at drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), MNCZ showed high removal efficiency (>99%) than other used processes at DWTPs.     

湖泊底泥环保疏浚技术研究展望

湖泊底泥疏浚是清除湖泊内源污染(主要是污染底泥)的有效措施之一。在总结和分析湖泊底泥环保疏浚技术特点的基础上,综述了30多年来国内外湖泊底泥环保疏浚工程概况、环保疏浚设备的研制现状、取得的成果及存在的问题,同时结合国外环保疏浚技术研究的发展状况,探讨了中国环保疏浚技术的未来发展趋势。     

钢管混凝土桥墩抗震性能试验研究

为研究钢管混凝土桥墩的抗震性能,对钢管混凝土桥墩和钢筋混凝土桥墩进行了拟静力对比试验研究。根据试件的破坏发展过程以及各试件的滞回曲线和骨架曲线,分析了其滞回性能、耗能能力、延性、强度退化及刚度退化等抗震性能。试验结果表明,钢管混凝土桥墩的抗震性能明显好于钢筋混凝土桥墩。在含钢率和轴力相同的情况下,钢管混凝土桥墩的滞回曲线比钢筋混凝土桥墩丰满得多,前者的耗能能力约为后者的4.46倍,钢管混凝土桥墩的延性大于钢筋混凝土桥墩;随着轴压比的增大,钢管混凝土桥墩延性有所下降,强度退化加快,但对其刚度退化的影响不大。     

光伏发电有功自动控制技术

进行了两根足尺预应力型钢混凝土简支梁在火灾高温和竖向恒定加载耦合作用下的耐火性能试验,分析了试验梁的温度场分布规律、竖向变形特点和承载性能劣化过程。通过在试验梁端部预设压力传感器,实测了升温过程中梁端部预压力与升温时间的关系曲线。试验结果表明,预压力对火灾高温作用较为敏感,当标准升温100 min时预压力已降至初始预压力的一半,试验中一根梁出现了侧向弯曲变形。因此,对于预应力混凝土结构,火灾高温作用下应考虑构件可能的侧向变形影响。     

几种有机废气吸收液对甲苯吸收效果的对比

采用自行设计的吸收装置,对比研究了国内外文献报道的几种有机废气吸收液(二乙基羟胺、聚乙二醇400、硅油、食用油、废机油、0#柴油)对模拟甲苯废气的吸收效果。结果表明,通过改变吸收液种类、废气中甲苯浓度等条件能够对甲苯废气吸收效果产生显著影响。随着吸收时间的延长,吸收液对甲苯的吸收率逐渐降低,直至达到动态饱和。随甲苯废气中甲苯浓度的增大,吸收液的有效吸收量减小,而饱和吸收量则增大。在相同实验条件下,二乙基羟胺对甲苯的有效吸收量与饱和吸收量均最大,其次是食用油、机油、0#柴油,而聚乙二醇与硅油吸收效果最差。本研究结果为合理选择甲苯废气的高效吸收液提供了理论依据。