为了研究不同经验驾驶人在高速公路特长隧道环境下的注视转移特性,在高速公路特长隧道中开展实车实验,利用 iView X HED型眼动仪采集了32名不同经验驾驶人的眼动数据。运用动态聚类方法,对驾驶人注视区域进行划分,分析了职业与非职业驾驶员在高速公路隧道不同段与普通路段的注视转移规律与注意力分配特性。结果表明:相较于非职业驾驶人,职业驾驶员具有较强的注视前瞻性,且在隧道的不同段主要注视的区域因行车环境不同变化较小;驾驶人对同一目标需要重复注视才能提取足够的信息,且当行车环境复杂度增加或驾驶员驾驶经验不足时,重复注视概率增加;驾驶人在不同路段行车时,主要通过注视中间区域获取信息;行车环境与驾驶经验对驾驶人在中间近处、左侧区域及内后视镜区域的注视平稳分布存在显著的交互作用。 相似文献
Objective: Road accidents are an important public health concern, and speeding is a major contributor. Although flow theory (FLT) is a valid model for understanding behavior, currently the nature of the roles and interplay of FLT constructs within the theory of planned behavior (TPB) framework when attempting to explain the determinants of motivations for intention to speed and speeding behavior of car drivers is not yet known. The study aims to synthesize TPB and FLT in explaining drivers of advanced vehicles intentions to speed and speed violation behaviors and evaluate factors that are critical for explaining intention and behavior.
Method: The hypothesized model was validated using a sample collected from 354 fully licensed drivers of advanced vehicles, involving 278 males and 76 females on 2 occasions separated by a 3-month interval. During the first of the 2 occasions, participants completed questionnaire measures of TPB and FLT variables. Three months later, participants' speed violation behaviors were assessed.
Results: The study observed a significant positive relationship between the constructs. The proposed model accounted for 51 and 45% of the variance in intention to speed and speed violation behavior, respectively. The independent predictors of intention were enjoyment, attitude, and subjective norm. The independent predictors of speed violation behavior were enjoyment, concentration, intention, and perceived behavioral control.
Conclusions: The findings suggest that safety interventions for preventing speed violation behaviors should be aimed at underlying beliefs influencing the speeding behaviors of drivers of advanced vehicles. Furthermore, perceived enjoyment is of equal importance to driver's intention, influencing speed violation behavior. 相似文献