Junk-buyers as the linkage between waste sources and redemption depots in urban China: the case of Wuhan

This paper locates junk-buyers in the recycling chain that includes waste source, collection system and end-user. With increasing needs of convenience for recycling at waste sources but disappearing redemption depots in city blocks of China, junk-buyers play a role of linkage between waste sources and redemption depots. It is these door-to-door collectors who make the general public aware of cash value inside recyclable waste. Also, the motivation of getting cash back pushes junk-buyers become immediate suppliers to redemption depots. Without junk-buyers as door-to-door collectors, the current waste recovery system in post-Mao's China would brake down. However, as in other developing countries, the junk-buyer occupation in urban China currently is typically driven by economic incentives, and the door-to-door collection of recyclable waste completely falls into junk-buyer individual business. It is difficult for junk-buyers who mainly come from the countryside to establish stable relations with waste sources for lack of recognition from urban society. The appropriate allocation of individual time and space becomes crucial to conducting the door-to-door activities so as to collecting more recyclables. While the collecting territory as the condition of production is positively reflected by the usual extent of the collecting distance, junk-buyers mostly spend time in finding sellers instead of simply expanding their collecting territory. This is a typical example of the cheapest and lowest skilled labor forces being in relatively unlimited supply in a developing country.     

建立基层排污收费财务稽查合理机制的设想

阐述了基层排污收费的现状及存在的问题，提出了建立排污收费财务稽查的必要性和实施办法。     

征收外资企业排污费应注意的几个问题

连云港市环境保护局根据自身工作的特点，掌握政策，先内后外，通过深入细致的宣传教育及运用严谨可靠的监测数据以理服人，在对三资企业收费上探索出一条新路子。     

大气中有机汞样品的吸附采集及其解吸方法研究

用1:1的BOSP和DEGS色谱填料作为混合吸附剂,研究了大气中有机汞样品的吸附采集及其解吸方法,选择了最佳实验条件。     

ESP内沉积粉尘层积累电荷对收尘性能影响的研究

基于对线板式 ESP内沉积粉尘层积累电荷的理论研究 ,对前人未能解释的现象给予解释 ;针对沉积粉尘层电荷积累和泄露过程提出了新的见解 ,且推导出了粉尘层积累电荷对粒子荷电量和粉尘层电场分布影响的表达式 ,从而导出了粉尘层积累电荷对 ESP收尘性能影响的理论表达式。所有这些研究为完善非稳态静电收集理论提供了依据。     

From farming families to scavengers: a case study in the outskirts of Belém in the state of Pará

 In the middle of the 1970s, the introduction of large industrial and agricultural projects in Brazilian Amazonia created a situation of violence and loss of land used by farming families. In this context, the process of migration to the metropolitan region of Belém, which is principally in the interior of the state of Pará, was intensified. Excluded by the formal labor market, these families started to collect disposed material as scavengers. The material collected is found in landfills, streets, and open dumping areas. The main purpose of this research is to understand the social and environmental relations inherent in collection and recycling activities in the Amazon Region. Received: August 19, 2001 / Accepted: November 21, 2001     

工业锅炉积灰结渣的危害性和防止方法

工业锅炉受热面积灰、结渣,层燃炉炉拱结焦,危害较大,造成蒸发量小,蒸汽压力低,炉拱易损等。本文分析了煤中灰的类型及主要影响因素和防止方法。     

首钢特殊钢公司炼钢二厂电弧炉除尘设备技术改造

介绍了首钢特殊钢公司炼钢二厂7号电弧炉除尘设备改造成功的经验，总结并讨论了中小型电弧炉除尘系统存在的问题。