Development of metal organic framework-199 immobilized zeolite foam for adsorption of common indoor VOCs

Reticulated foam shaped adsorbents are more efficient for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particularly from low VOC-concentration indoor air streams. In this study composite structure of zeolite and metal organic frameworks (MOFs), referred as ZMF, has been fabricated by immobilization of fine MOF-199 powder on foam shaped Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (ZSM-5) Zeolitic structure, referred as ZF. The ZMF possess a uniform and well-dispersed coating of MOF-199 on the porous framework of ZF. It shows higher surface area, pore volume, and VOCs adsorption capacity, as compared to ZF-structure. Post-fabrication changes in selective adsorption properties of ZMF were studied with three common indoor VOCs (benzene, n-hexane, and cyclohexane), using gravimetric adsorption technique. The adsorption capacity of ZMF with different VOCs follow the order of benzene > n-hexane > cyclohexane. In comparison with MOF-199 and ZF, the composite structure ZMF shows improvement in selectivity for benzene from other two VOCs. Further, improvement in efficiency and stability of prepared ZMF was found to be associated with its high MOF loading capacity and unique morphological and structural properties. The developed composite structure with improved VOCs removal and recyclability could be a promising material for small to limited scale air pollution treatment units.     

预应力预制叠合楼板耐火性能参数分析

在合理选择混凝土和预应力筋材料的热工参数、高温力学参数的基础上,采用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立底面受火的预应力预制叠合楼板的高温热力学模型,计算结果得到已有试验结果的验证。对影响预应力预制叠合楼板高温力学性能的各参数进行有限元分析,结果表明:荷载水平和耐火保护层厚度对叠合楼板耐火性能的影响显著,混凝土强度、预应力筋截面配筋率等参数对叠合楼板的耐火性能影响较小,可以忽略不计;耐火保护层厚度一定时,叠合楼板的耐火极限随荷载水平的提高而降低;荷载水平一定时,叠合楼板的耐火极限随耐火保护层厚度的增加呈非线性提高。在ISO-834标准火灾作用下,叠合楼板跨中挠度变化率速率大于L2/(9000d)可作为其达到耐火极限的判别标准。选取荷载水平、混凝土保护层厚度两个重要影响参数进行分析,提出了叠合楼板的耐火极限取值建议,为预应力预制叠合楼板的抗火设计提供技术参考。     

In situ synthesis of potassium tungstophosphate supported on BEA zeolite and perspective application for pesticide removal

Potassium tungstophosphate is supported on BEA zeolite by in situ synthesis for glyphosate removal. Spectroscopic measurements identified hydrogen bonding as a primal interaction of potassium salt and BEA zeolite. Composites are evaluated for glyphosate herbicide removal and adsorption process is analyzed using two isotherm models. Obtained adsorption capacities for all prepared composites lay between 45.2 and 92.2?mg of glyphosate per gram of investigated composite. Suspension acidity revealed that glyphosate is adsorbed mainly in the zwitter-ion form at the composite surface while the amount of potassium salt in the composites is crucial for the adsorption application. Exceptional adsorption behavior is postulated to come from a high degree of homogeneity among surface active sites which is confirmed by different experimental methods. Temperature programmed desorption of glyphosate coupled with mass spectrometer detected one broad, high-temperature peak which represents overlapped desorption processes from active sights of similar strength. Introduction of potassium tungstophosphate affects active sites present in BEA zeolite for glyphosate desorption and significantly increases the amount of adsorbed pesticide in comparison to BEA zeolite. Supporting of potassium tungstophosphate on BEA zeolite via in situ synthesis procedure enables the formation of highly efficient adsorbents and revealed their perspective environmental application.     

制备钙钛矿催化剂LaNiO3用于染料废水的降解脱色

为改善普通石墨电极的电催化性能,将以溶胶-凝胶法合成的钙钛矿氧化物LaNiO3混合其它原料做成气体扩散电极,用于电化学降解活性艳红X-3B,以脱色率来考核催化剂的氧还原活性.采用星点设计-效应面曲线法对催化剂制备工艺进行了优化,得出最佳工艺参数为:柠檬酸含量为金属离子物质的量的1.54倍,pH值为9.94,焙烧温度为824.39℃.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、动电位扫描等检测分析方法对所制备的催化剂进行表征和分析.结果表明,制备的催化剂晶相纯净、晶型完整、衍射峰强度较高,是较完整的钙钛矿结构;相比于普通石墨电极,掺杂催化剂的气体扩散电极极化阻力高,氧还原性能良好,有利于有机物的降解.     

乌鲁木齐市大气环境质量变化趋势分析

以乌鲁木齐市2004～2010年间的大气环境质量监测数据为依据,采用空气污染综合指数法评价其大气环境质量,并运用Spearman秩相关系数预测其发展趋势.结果表明:乌鲁木齐市大气环境质量为轻度污染,主要污染物为SO2和PM10.NO2和PM10有上升趋势,SO2呈不显著下降趋势.     

Removal of tetracycline from aqueous solution by a Fe3O4 incorporated PAN electrospun nanofiber mat

Pollution of antibiotics, a type of emerging contaminant, has become an issue of concern, due to their overuse in human and veterinary application, persistence in environment and great potential risk to human and animal health even at trace level. In this work, a novel adsorbent, Fe₃O₄ incorporated polyacrylonitrile nanofiber mat (Fe-NFM), was successfully fabricated via electrospinning and solvothermal method, targeting to remove tetracycline (TC), a typical class of antibiotics, from aqueous solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy were used to characterize the surface morphology and crystal structure of the Fe-NFM, and demonstrated that Fe-NFM was composed of continuous, randomly distributed uniform nanofibers with surface coating of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. A series of adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the removal efficiency of TC by the Fe-NFM. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model fitted better with the experimental data. The highest adsorption capacity was observed at initial solution pH 4 while relative high adsorption performance was obtained from initial solution pH 4 to 10. The adsorption of TC on Fe-NFM was a combination effect of both electrostatic interaction and complexation between TC and Fe-NFM. Freundlich isotherm model could better describe the adsorption isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated from Langmuir isotherm model was 315.31 mg/g. Compared to conventional nanoparticle adsorbents which have difficulties in downstream separation, the novel nanofiber mat can be simply installed as a modular compartment and easily separated from the aqueous medium, promising its huge potential in drinking and wastewater treatment for micro-pollutant removal.     

Removal of tetracycline from aqueous solution by a Fe3O4 incorporated PAN electrospun nanofiber mat

Pollution of antibiotics, a type of emerging contaminant, has become an issue of concern,due to their overuse in human and veterinary application, persistence in environment and great potential risk to human and animal health even at trace level. In this work, a novel adsorbent, Fe3O4 incorporated polyacrylonitrile nanofiber mat(Fe-NFM), was successfully fabricated via electrospinning and solvothermal method, targeting to remove tetracycline(TC), a typical class of antibiotics, from aqueous solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy were used to characterize the surface morphology and crystal structure of the Fe-NFM, and demonstrated that Fe-NFM was composed of continuous, randomly distributed uniform nanofibers with surface coating of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. A series of adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the removal efficiency of TC by the Fe-NFM. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model fitted better with the experimental data. The highest adsorption capacity was observed at initial solution p H 4 while relative high adsorption performance was obtained from initial solution p H 4 to 10. The adsorption of TC on Fe-NFM was a combination effect of both electrostatic interaction and complexation between TC and Fe-NFM. Freundlich isotherm model could better describe the adsorption isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated from Langmuir isotherm model was 315.31 mg/g. Compared to conventional nanoparticle adsorbents which have difficulties in downstream separation, the novel nanofiber mat can be simply installed as a modular compartment and easily separated from the aqueous medium, promising its huge potential in drinking and wastewater treatment for micro-pollutant removal.     

复合硫杆菌生物淋滤对Mn去除的研究

通过利用复合硫杆菌(氧化亚铁硫杆菌和氧化硫硫杆菌)在不同接种量(5%,10%,20%)对市政污泥进行生物淋滤实验,探讨了淋滤过程中pH和氧化还原电位(ORP)、Mn的淋滤效果及淋滤过程中其形态的变化。结果表明:该方法能有效淋出污泥中的Mn,生物淋滤12d后,10%接种量反应器Mn的淋出率达到100%;Mn的淋出率受pH和ORP的双重影响,与pH和ORP的关系为:淋出率等于2.439-0.452pH-0.002ORP;各形态中Mn的可交换态和残渣态变化幅度大,从形态变化上表明该淋滤反应对Mn具有有效的淋出;Mn各形态的淋滤能力是:碳酸盐结合态>铁锰氧化物结合态>残渣态>有机物结合态。     

Effectiveness and application of modified wind turbine coating: Adding ionic liquids to titanium dioxide and diatomaceous earth

Wind turbines are a green energy source that Taiwan has been endeavouring to develop in the past five years. Excellent onshore wind farms have already been developed; however, offshore development is inevitable because of Taiwan's limited land area. With regard to energy sustainability, operation and trouble-free maintenance of wind farms are essential. If damage to fan components can be mostly prevented, the operating cost and maintenance time would be considerably decreased; thus, remarkable economic benefits could be achieved. An appropriate coating can help a structure resist the stress of the working environment and improve its durability, resulting in lower maintenance cost and less staff being required to perform on-site repairs. Diatomaceous earth (DE) has been widely used to produce composite porous materials. In this study, epoxy resin and titanium dioxide were mixed with DE to increase the hydrophobicity of the surface of coatings and provide them photocatalytic self-cleaning ability. The ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate was also added to the coatings to prevent the corrosion of coated metallic material. This study employed thermal analysis to investigate the thermal stability of the coatings and the corrosion resistance of coated iron blocks. Finally, a self-made quartz container was connected to a volatile organic compound detector, and sun exposure was simulated using ultraviolet light. The results confirmed that the modified coating retained its functionality under the harsh working environment and can be applied to the surfaces of large machinery used in offshore wind turbine towers.     

硅藻土复合材料净化室内空气的实验研究

利用硅藻土复合材料对室内空气中三种主要污染物甲醛、氨和苯进行了净化研究,比较了普通硅藻土和硅藻土复合材料对三种污染物的去除效果。测试了硅藻土复合材料的平衡吸附量,及其在空气流速、净化时间和吸附剂量条件下对污染物去除率的影响。结果表明:硅藻土复合材料的净化性能优于普通硅藻土,对甲醛、氨和苯的平衡吸附量分别为132μg/g、95μg/g和87μg/g,最佳去除率分别为67%、91%和53%,吸附剂量在一定范围内改变对硅藻土复合材料的净化效率影响不大,而空气流速和净化时间存在最佳值。