桩基工程泥浆水处理技术

通过一系列不同类型的絮凝剂的试验，发现高分子量的ＨＰＡＭ对桩基工程泥浆水的脱水最有效。对真空吸滤、压滤和离心３种干化工艺进行了比较试验，认为化学絮凝与物理离心脱水干化相结合的处理工艺在桩基工程施工现场具有广阔的开发应用前景。     

TiO2/ZnO光催化降解四环素的研究

以太阳光、汞灯为光源，TiO2/ZnO复合半导体为催化剂处理四环素溶液，探讨了催化剂的配比、溶液体积、光照时间、pH、初始浓度、光强等6种因素对光催化活性的影响，比较了汞灯和太阳光作光源时的光催化效果，结果表明，用太阳光作光源时光催化效果也较好。     

Colony foundation and polygyny in the ant Formica podzolica

We document the variation in number of queens occurring naturally in founding, immature and mature nests of the ant Formica podzolica, and compare development of colonies and survivorship of queens in experimental nests started with 1–16 foundresses. Number of queens per nest was associated with stage of colony development. Most nests were monogynous, but 20% of immature nests (n = 66) and 25% of mature nests (n = 92) were oligogynous or polygynous. Colonies were usually established by single queens (i.e., haplometrosis), but colony establishment by multiple queens (i.e., pleometrotis) was also common, occurring in 27% of founding nests (n = 492). Foundress groups in the field were small ( = 1.47 ± 0.04 queens/nest), and large groups experienced high mortality and low productivity in artificial nests. Therefore, the many queens (up to 140) in some immature and mature colonies were probably secondarily pleometrotic. Experimental nests started with 1–4 queens were more successful than those initiated by 8 or 16 queens. Small groups (2–4 queens) produced more pupae before the first nests reared workers than single foundresses or larger groups (8 or 16 queens). Although single foundresses were less productive than queens in small groups, they experienced greater survivorship and less weight loss than queens in pleometrotic associations. Besides low productivity, queen mortality and weight loss were greatest in large groups.     

桩基施工的安全隐患及预防控制措施

分析了目前全国桩基机械施工的现状、特点以及施工中一般常见的安全事故，并结合工作实际，从人、物、环境三个方面详细阐述了在桩基施工中存在的安全隐患。提出了应该采取的预防控制措施。     

基坑开挖中的安全监测及事故防治措施--以上海市某贸易中心大楼工程为例

在基坑开挖中，坚持信息化施工管理，采取多种手段对基坑安全进行监测是非常必要的。利用监测资料的分析结果，可及时发现基坑开挖过程中出现的问题，可以有针对性地采取措施，调整方案，保证施工顺利进行。     

基于粒子群优化的DGM（1,1）模型在基坑变形安全预测中的研究

为确保基坑施工期间发生变形后能够正常使用,将变权缓冲算子结合DGM(1,1)模型构造出变权离散灰色模型,利用相对误差、后验差比,灰色绝对关联度3种精度检验法作为粒子群算法适应度建立模型,构造PSO-VWDGM(1,1)模型,并结合实际工程监测数据研究不同适应度对基坑变形预测精度的影响。研究结果表明:不同适应度函数对预测精度存在较大影响,以灰色绝对关联度作为适应度建立模型预测精度较高,可以更好应用在工程中。研究成果可为工程施工阶段的基坑变形预测、稳定性分析与灾害评估、预警提供参考。     

数值模拟在群桩基础评判标准确定中的应用

群桩基础安全稳定性评判决策中各因子评判标准边界的确定是保证其模型正确构建的关键环节。由于安全监测系统无法测得这种警戒值,因此,本文采用基于ABAQUS软件的数值模拟方法,依据上部结构受力特点及使用要求来确定群桩基础安全稳定性判别决策因子的警戒值。仿真结果显示:该方法能可靠获取超大型深水群桩基础成桥后的基桩轴力不均匀性和差异沉降的最佳警戒值。     

与土体部分脱离的埋置半圆形基础与SH波的动力相互作用

利用波函数展开法结合奇异积分方程技术,研究了部分脱离的埋置半圆形基础与土体的出平面动力相互作用问题。把脱离区看做界面裂纹,将问题归结为一组奇异积分方程。通过数值计算获得了土体和基础中的位移场。利用动应力强度因子描述了粘接区的切应力强度,其结果显示:有缝隙界面基础与土体的动力相互作用呈现明显的低频共振特性。奇异积分方程技术的引入,使得笔者所用方法与已有方法相比更具一般性。研究结果对埋置结构的安全评估与寿命预测具有重要的理论与实际意义。     

基坑围护结构的内力和变形的预测方法研究

为了利用土体水平抗力系数的比例系数m来有效预测基坑围护结构的内力和变形,依据弹性地基梁原理,利用大型数学软件MATLAB编制了计算程序,对基坑围护结构的内力和变形进行预测,并依托某深基坑工程围护结构的实测内力和变形数据对预测的内力和位移进行了验证。结果表明,根据弹性地基梁原理预测的基坑围护结构内力和变形随基坑开挖的变化与实测结果吻合较好。     

Removal of tetracycline from aqueous solution by a Fe3O4 incorporated PAN electrospun nanofiber mat

Pollution of antibiotics, a type of emerging contaminant, has become an issue of concern, due to their overuse in human and veterinary application, persistence in environment and great potential risk to human and animal health even at trace level. In this work, a novel adsorbent, Fe₃O₄ incorporated polyacrylonitrile nanofiber mat (Fe-NFM), was successfully fabricated via electrospinning and solvothermal method, targeting to remove tetracycline (TC), a typical class of antibiotics, from aqueous solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy were used to characterize the surface morphology and crystal structure of the Fe-NFM, and demonstrated that Fe-NFM was composed of continuous, randomly distributed uniform nanofibers with surface coating of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. A series of adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the removal efficiency of TC by the Fe-NFM. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model fitted better with the experimental data. The highest adsorption capacity was observed at initial solution pH 4 while relative high adsorption performance was obtained from initial solution pH 4 to 10. The adsorption of TC on Fe-NFM was a combination effect of both electrostatic interaction and complexation between TC and Fe-NFM. Freundlich isotherm model could better describe the adsorption isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated from Langmuir isotherm model was 315.31 mg/g. Compared to conventional nanoparticle adsorbents which have difficulties in downstream separation, the novel nanofiber mat can be simply installed as a modular compartment and easily separated from the aqueous medium, promising its huge potential in drinking and wastewater treatment for micro-pollutant removal.