佛山水道及其支涌复氧试验研究

对几种曝气方式的溶解氧提升情况、充氧动力效率,及COD、氨氮的去除率进行了简单比较,得出微孔雾化曝气和橡胶坝曝气是适合佛山水道及其支涌河流人工复氧的最佳方法.     

尾矿库洪水漫顶溃坝演化规律试验研究

为分析尾矿库洪水漫顶溃坝的演化规律,采用物理模型试验方法建立尾矿库漫顶溃坝演化模型。在自主研制的尾矿库溃坝模拟试验平台上,以国内某尾矿库为研究对象,基于非恒定水流泥沙非平衡非饱和冲刷机理,根据模型相似理论和溃决侵蚀模型原理,模拟尾矿库洪水漫顶溃坝过程,建立尾矿库漫顶溃坝演化模型。试验结果表明,尾矿库洪水漫顶溃坝位移与坝体饱和程度有关,坝体浸润线越高,尾矿库溃坝时滑动位移越大,溃口破坏程度取决于溢流对坝体的冲刷侵蚀作用;在该试验条件下,获得尾矿库洪水漫顶溃坝过程中坝体位移、浸润线高度、溃口最大流速和溃口的演化规律。降低坝体浸润线高度、增大安全干滩长度、铺设坝面引流明渠等措施有助于减少尾矿库洪水漫顶溃坝的灾害破坏。     

铜尾矿库坝面土壤微生物群落动态的驱动因子

随机过程和确定性过程对群落动态的影响机制及重要性是群落生态学研究的中心课题,也是目前群落生态学最具争议的问题.微生物群落在生态系统物质循环和能量流动过程中发挥着重要作用,对其结构动态的研究不仅为阐明群落构建机制提供重要的数据支持,而且为预测环境胁迫条件下微生物群落结构的动态提供理论依据.本研究通过Illumina MiSeq测序的方法,分析了中条山十八河尾矿库坝面不同恢复阶段细菌和真菌群落结构特征.结果表明,研究区尾矿坝不同恢复年限土壤理化性质发生梯度变化,植物群落结构呈现一定的演替趋势,植物群落多样性与土壤养分显著相关,而与土壤重金属含量无相关性.不同恢复年限的土壤微生物群落结构具有显著差异,其中优势细菌主要有变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）;优势真菌主要有子囊菌门（Ascomycota）、担子菌门（Basidiomycota）、接合菌门（Zygomycota）.微生物群落组成主要受到土壤养分和重金属含量的影响,而植物多样性对微生物群落结构的影响不明显,表明在局域小尺度环境胁迫条件下,土壤环境因子是微生物群落结构动态变化的主要驱动力.     

三门峡水利枢纽地震形变监测中库水位干扰的剔除方法

本文通过对三门峡水利枢纽工程外部地震形变监测成果的分析，阐述了大坝地震形变监测的基本内容，简述了三门峡水利枢纽及其与库区水位相关的变化规律，提出了解决水利枢纽地震安全监测中剔除库水位干扰的通用方法。     

尾矿坝地质生态环境风险防护措施分析

尾矿坝的环境风险主要是发生溃坝后对生态环境、水环境造成的不良影响。发生溃坝事故的根源是尾矿坝存在隐患，主要原因有先天因素和后天因素两种，先天因素主要有：尾矿坝建设前期工作中，对自然条件了解不够、尾矿坝设计不当、尾矿坝施工质量不良等；后天因素主要是在尾矿坝生产运行中，由不具备专业知识的人员管理，未按设计要求或有关规定执行。因此，预防溃坝的环境风险防护措施，要从防洪设计、增强坝体稳定性及加强管理等方面进行。     

Wind Tunnel Experiments and Numerical Simulation of Snow Drifting around an Avalanche Protecting Dam

To learn about wind flow and snow drifting around avalanche dams, experiments were done in the Jules Verne Climatic Wind Tunnel. The paper reports the results from numerical wind flow simulations that were done to support the findings from the wind tunnel. Satisfying the model similitude criteria for the wind tunnel configuration was difficult due to the inevitable small geometric scale of the model, while on the contrary the snow drifting conditions in the facilities were full scale. By comparing numerical wind flow results of full scale and model scale dams with the snow pattern observed in the wind tunnel, it was possible to conclude that albeit poor model similitude, the snowdrifts on the windward side of the wind tunnel model are likely to indicate the full scale natural situation.     

摩托车发动机活塞浇注模设计

根据实际生产的需要对摩托车发动机活塞的成形工艺进行分析 ,从而确定合理的浇注方案 ,然后详细地阐述活塞浇注模结构设计和工作原理 ,并介绍了模具的抽芯过程和型芯的典型加工工艺     

城市垃圾填埋场安全稳定性分析

垃圾填埋场是一类特殊工程，其安全稳定性一直是研究的热点和难点。本文借鉴成熟的工程力学思想，将分析山谷型垃圾填埋体的安全稳定性转化为分析垃圾坝稳定性。利用已知的稳定填埋场边坡有关性状，反算出垃圾土可能最小综合内摩擦角，利用这个参数来计算填埋体在三种典型状态下对垃圾坝产生的最大作用力，从而来判断垃圾坝的稳定性。探索了一套分析山谷型填埋场填埋体稳定性的方法并提出了两个公式，对于该类型垃圾填埋场建设具有指导作用。     

Development of an Earthen Dam Break Database

Earthen embankment dams comprise 85% of all major operational dams in the United States. Assessment of peak flow rates for these earthen dams and the impacts on dam failure are of high interest to engineers and planners. Regression analysis is a frequently used risk assessment approach for earthen dams. In this paper, we present a decision support tool for assessing the applicability of nine regression equations commonly used by practitioners. Using data from 108 case studies, six parameters were observed to be significant factors predicting for peak flow as a metric for risk analysis. We present our work on an expanded earthen dam break database that relates the regression equations and underlying data. A web application, regression selection tool, is also presented to assess the appropriateness of a given model for a given test point. This graphical display allows users to visualize how their data point compares with the data used for the regression equation. These contributions improve estimates and better inform decision makers regarding operational and safety decisions.     

Characteristics of sewer biofilms in aerobic rural small diameter gravity sewers

Small diameter gravity sewers(SDGS) are extensively used to collect rural sewage as they are low in cost and quick to construct.However,the characteristics of biofilms in rural SDGS are still not clear.In this study,biofilms characteristics of aerobic rural SDGS were investigated using simulations in a lab under different flow conditions and slopes.Results indic ated that the average thickness of aerobic rural SDGS biofilms was in the range of 350-650 μm,decreasing at locations with variable flow and high slopes.Protein was the most abundant substance in extracellular polymeric substance of SDGS biofilms.The most abundant bacteria,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Bacteroidetes,and functional bacteria showed different distributions when analyzed through Illumina HiSeq sequencing of 16 S rRNA.The relative abundances of denitrifying bacteria,nitrite-oxidizing bacteria,and sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB) were lower during variable flow than during stable flow.High slopes(15‰) decreased SRB presence,which could be used to mitigate H_2 S accumulation in aerobic SDGS.Overall,this study describes the characteristics of aerobic rural SDGS biofilms and provides valuable suggestions for the optimal design of SDGS based on these characteristics.