高效氧化吸收液治理炼油企业恶臭的研究

采用动态配气法配置硫化氢恶臭气体,筛选出一种价廉易得、吸收氧化效果好的吸收液,考察了影响处理效果的因素:漂白粉投加量、进气浓度、进气流量、温度、吸收时间对去除效果的影响,并对实验结果进行了分析。结果表明:在室温25℃、0～5391mg/m3硫化氢浓度范围、3h吸收时间的条件下,漂白粉对硫化氢去除率在92%以上。此法能在较长时间、较大浓度范围内保持较好的去除效果,适于工业化放大。     

Use of recycled products in UK construction industry: An empirical investigation into critical impediments and strategies for improvement

Construction industry consumes about half of all material resources taken from nature, and generates a large portion of waste to landfill. A way of tackling negative environmental impacts impending from continuous material extraction and waste generation is the use of recycled materials for construction projects. However, the use of recycled materials is yet to become a commonplace in construction industry. This study evaluates the factors hampering the use of recycled products in UK construction industry as well as strategies that could be adopted to enhance its use in the industry. In order to identify the impediments and critical strategies, a two-fold methodical approach was used. An unstructured interview preceded a quantitative questionnaire survey which was used to elicit broader industry practitioners’ opinion.The study shows that designers rarely specify recycled products. This is due to lack of adequate information about quality and market availability of the products, negative perception from clients, and unexpectedly high cost of the products, despite its perceived low quality. The study suggests that a number of strategies could be adopted to promote the use of the products. These include allocation of points to the use of recycled products in sustainable design appraisal tools, governments legislative measures, improved collaboration between designers, contractors and materials suppliers, contractors involvement at earlier stage of design, improved education of the professionals about the products, and the use of tax break to influence the cost of the products. The findings of this study would therefore help policy makers, manufacturers and construction professionals to identify the factors hampering the use of recycled products for construction projects as well as the strategies that could be adopted in order to create market for the products.     

Assessing the accumulation of construction waste generation during residential building construction works

The difficulty of dealing with construction and demolition waste (CDW) on construction sites is not new and continues to be an environmental problem. Understanding the waste generated in a construction work is essential to optimize CDW management. Therefore, any tool used for establishing an estimation of the CDW that will be generated should be considered as an alternative to achieve real solutions pursuing sustainability. This paper presents the evolution of CDW flow generation in the construction of new residential buildings, and has identified that the construction activity is increasing the waste generation. In an attempt to find some solutions and provide improved alternatives, several building sites have been analysed in order to quantify the estimation of CDW generated. Results show that when using plasterboard walls the CDW generation, per m² of built surface can be reduced up to 15.94% compared to the use of traditional brick partitions. In addition, a model describing the accumulation of CDW throughout the project duration is proposed. This model states that CDW mainly accumulates in the middle stages of the project. This study allows an estimation of the amount of CDW to be generated in a building construction site, helping to plan the number and size of containers required at any moment of the construction process, as well as the space required for a proper CDW management.     

我国环保产业现状及环保企业商业模式

我国环保产业处于发展的黄金时期,环保企业的商业模式决定其能否建立强大的产业基础甚至成为产业主导。文章从环保产业发展的外部政策环境、环保产业发展历程和细分产业相关企业商业模式等角度探讨了我国环保产业的现状,并分析了环保企业商业模式的发展方向。新的商业模式将培育出综合环境服务商和环境解决方案提供商。     

基于D-S理论的企业安全绩效综合评定研究

为客观评定企业安全绩效,提出一种基于D-S证据理论的企业安全绩效综合评定方法。在确定安全绩效评定指标的基础上,利用模糊函数和群决策方法处理评价过程中的不确定信息,将多源决策信息转换为同一框架下的评价信息,然后根据各决策信息的重要度,通过D-S证据理论的mass函数和证据合成方法对安全绩效评价群决策中的不确定性信息逐层融合。实例表明,该方法能够克服D-S冲突问题,保证企业安全绩效综合评定信息融合结果的准确度,企业安全管理的优劣势的表征更为直观。     

Perceptions of personal vulnerability to workplace hazards in the Australian construction industry

Introduction

The importance of risk perception for workplace safety has been highlighted by the inclusion of risk appraisals in contemporary models of precautionary behavior at work. Optimism bias is the tendency to think that negative events are less likely to happen to oneself than to the average person, and is proposed to be related to the reduced use of precautions.

Method

Building on studies of optimism bias for workplace hazards using samples with heterogenous risk profiles, the current study aimed to investigate whether optimism bias is present in a sample of workers exposed to similar workplace hazards. 175 Australian construction workers completed a brief survey that asked them to rate the likelihood of common construction industry hazards occurring to them and to the average worker of the same age doing the same job. Significant levels of optimism bias were found for many hazards (including being electrocuted, being trapped in a confined space, falling from heights, and causing someone else to have an injury).

Results

Optimism bias was not related to perceived controllability, contrary to findings in other domains, yet consistent with findings of optimism bias for workplace hazards. Optimism bias was not found to be related to a reduction in safe work behaviors, though this may be due to difficulties in measuring safe or precautionary behavior, such as social desirability.

Impact on industry

That most workers think that hazards are less likely to happen to them than to the average worker presents a significant problem because it may ameliorate the efficacy of safety programs, yet constitutes a largely unexplored opportunity for improving workplace safety performance.     

建设项目中危险废物的管理探讨

探索了建设项目中危险废物的管理措施,提出了提前介入的管理方法,即从环境影响评价阶段起,就对建设项目将产生的危险废物纳入管理轨道,这使危险废物管理的控制关口前移,完善了危险废物全过程管理的内涵。     

深化建设项目环境管理促进环境友好型社会建设

以温岭市建设项目的环境管理为例,介绍了其城市经济发展的基本情况,指出了环境管理中存在的问题,提出了环评促集聚发展、明确功能定位、强化总量控制、实行服务与指导并重等方面的对策,以此促进环境友好型社会建设。     

依安县实现“低碳经济”的建议

本文从优化能源结构、降低煤在能源结构中的比例、提高工业能源效率、发展低碳农业、发展低碳交通、加快”县域矿产资源”回收体系建设、推进低碳制度创新体系建设、开发碳汇潜力、培育全民低碳意识等九个方面论述了打造”低碳经济县”的途径.     

关于加快辽宁省生态文明制度建设的思考

以《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》为指导,以确立生态文明制度建设为手段,以建设美丽辽宁为目的,结合辽宁省环保工作实际,从对策建议、保障措施等方面入手,就如何建立系统完整的生态文明制度体系进行了阐述,为辽宁省生态文明制度建设提供指导。