The Prospect of Municipal Waste Landfill Diversion Depends on Geographical Location

This study reports on experimentation with municipal and industrial solid waste in Brazil, on mutual inspection of municipal sanitation models in selected Spanish and Brazilian towns, and on observations of municipal solid waste (MSW) management models effective in Argentina, Great Britain, Sweden, and Germany. The diversity of management strategies inhibits technology transfer. Judging by the models inspected, Sweden and Germany appear to be best prepared for stricter European landfill diversion targets in the near future. Experimentation in Brazil has resulted in a proactive MSW management model based on divided collection, which achieves 80 percent landfill diversion. This result, surprisingly, meets and exceeds European diversion targets in a South American context. As the gap in strategy and target narrows between South America and Europe, both technology and management methods may gain intercontinental mobility and thus enhance commercial ties between the two markets in the specific branch of MSW management.     

基于GIS工业危险源和隐患控制及应急调控技术的应用研究

笔者把面向对象方法及地理信息系统 (GIS)的技术应用于工业危险源与隐患控制及其应急调控技术中。介绍了面向对象的工业危险源、隐患控制及应急调控地理信息系统的功能、特点、开发环境以及设计与系统实现 ,旨在研究和探索更加完善和科学的现代化安全管理模式     

翻车机通风除尘系统

介绍一种冲突网除尘器，其具有原理独特，体积小，重量轻，能耗低，除尘效率高等特点，辞别适合翻车机除尘。运用表明，岗位粉尘浓度3．8mg/m^3，外排粉尘浓度40mg/m^3，除尘效率96％。     

试论环境监测数据审核

环境监测数据的审核，是质量保证工作的重要环节。文章联系工作实际，指出应从数据的原始性、检测的规范性、检测的时效性、数据的合格性和信息的完整性等方面对数据进行审核。在数据审核中应考虑数据的客观规律和污染指标的关联性。     

Environmental audit: III. Improving the management of environmental information for toxic substances

Environmental programs have been commonly driven by a preoccupation with the collection of data in the mistaken belief thatdata is synonymous withinformation. The distinction between data (that is, the quantified and qualitative attributes of a particular environment) and information (specifically, data processed so as to focus upon a particular environmental problem) will become far more important to environmental managers. They will increasingly manage their information through use of what has become known as information resource management (IRM) and the attendant use of critical success factors methodology. Environmental managers will thereby move away from concerns about data and specific EDP hardware and applications toward managing information as a valuable agency resource. In applying IRM, they will find it helpful to include a number of planning elements and to resolve early a number of issues critical to its successful use.     

Kerbside collection: A case study from the north-west of England

It is widely agreed that public support is vital to the success of most recycling schemes; the actions of householders are paramount to the success of sustainable waste policies. However, the success of recycling schemes is not just dependent on public participation; it is also dependent on careful planning, effective design and tailoring to local needs.This study has evaluated a kerbside recycling scheme in the north-west of England by comparing the recycling performance of those on alternate collections of residual waste and recyclates with those on weekly residual collections and fortnightly recyclate collections. Three data collection methodologies were adopted: postal questionnaires, set-out rate monitoring, and personal interviews with policy writers.The results demonstrated that alternate collections produce higher recycling set-out rates, suggesting that alternate collections will also generate higher recycling rates. The research showed that if designed and complemented by other services, then an alternate collection system is a realistic waste management approach. However, the local authority and the public appear to use different indicators of success for the scheme. The local authority uses governmental performance indicators (such as best value performance indicators—BVPIs) to measure success, whereas the public's indicators of success tend to focus more on issues such as required changes to established behaviours, convenience and personal preferences.A key recommendation from this study is that all local authorities should carry out local opinion surveys on an annual basis to supplement the BVPIs required by statute. This should help them to fill the information gaps in order to provide a comprehensive, up-to-date and user-responsive waste management service to the public.     

浅析城市生活垃圾分类回收

城市生活垃圾分类回收有别于混合收集,是垃圾收集的一种新趋势。结合我国垃圾的特点,阐明了当前垃圾分类收集的现状,并指出了我国垃圾分类回收的意义;根据当前垃圾收集存在的问题,提出了一些具体化的对策。通过垃圾的分类回收,减少了垃圾的最终处置量,提高垃圾资源化率。     

基于层次分析法的生活垃圾分类收集方案的优化

改革开放以来,中国经济发展水平不断提高,城市生活垃圾产量急剧增加。文章根据中国的实际情况,提出垃圾分类收集方案,运用层次分析法对垃圾分类收集方案进行了优化,确定出了垃圾分类收集最佳方案。即将生活垃圾分为厨房垃圾、客厅和卧室垃圾、厕所垃圾及有毒有害垃圾4类。     

涡流控尘装置的控尘机理及试验研究

针对综掘工作面粉尘产生量大、风速高的现状,提出在综掘工作面应用涡流控尘技术,以提高除尘系统的收尘效率.分析涡流控尘装置的控尘机理;并通过实验室模拟试验,分析了涡流强度、涡流控尘装置距迎头距离、压抽比等与系统控尘效率的关系;通过一系列试验,证明涡流控尘技术能够有效防止迎头处粉尘扩散,提高除尘器的收尘效果,使工作面环境得到很大改善,进而取得较好的除尘效果.