电除尘器对高比电阻粉尘收集的研究

电除尘器收集高比电阻粉尘易产生反电晕,除尘效率较低。通过增湿降低比电阻,调节风速、电压改善除尘器性能。研究表明:实验设备在风速为0.27m/s,电压为65kV,含湿量为3%时,除尘效率最高达到99.7%。     

对环境税的开征及其征管的探讨

开征环境税既是贯彻执行节约资源,保护环境基本国策的必然选择,也是国家筹集环境资金的主要渠道。近几年来,国家多次提出要研究开征环境税,理论界和实务界也对环境税的开征进行了有益探讨。考虑到中国环境污染情况、生态破坏状况和税收制度等,采取独立型环境税的模式,选择三大类环境税税种,待条件成熟再扩大征收范围。对于环境税的实施,特别是征收管理,选择由国家税务部门和环保部门协调配合进行,同时指出两部门在征管工作中可能面临的局限性,并提出了完善其征管的对策。     

Where clocks are redundant: weak circadian mechanisms in reindeer living under polar photic conditions

Biological rhythms are a result of interplay between endogenous clocks and the ambient light–dark (LD) cycle. Biological timing in resident polar organisms presents a conundrum because these experience distinct daily LD cycles for only a few weeks each year. We measured locomotor activity in reindeer, Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus (SR, n = 5 and 6) and R. tarandus tarandus (NR, n = 6), ranging freely at 78 and 70°N, respectively, continuously throughout 1 year using data loggers. NR, but not SR, are gregarious which enabled us to examine the integrated effects of differences in social organisation and the photic environment at two different latitudes on the organisation of activity. In both sub-species, ultradian bouts of activity and inactivity alternated across the 24-h day throughout the year. This pattern was modified by the LD cycle in NR but barely at all in SR. Periodogram analysis revealed significant ultradian rhythmicity in both sub-species; the frequency of daily cycles of activity increased from three per day in winter to nearly five in summer. We conclude that this increase, and a concomitant increase in the level of daily activity, reflected the seasonal increase in the animals’ appetite and the quality of their forage. Secondly, the combination, most evident in SR, of a weak photic response, weak circadian mechanisms and a weak social synchronization reduces the constraints of biological timing in an environment which is effectively non-rhythmic most of the year and permits expression of the basic ultradian pattern of ruminant activity. Third, the weaker 24-h rhythmicity in SR compared to NR indicates a latitudinal decrease in circadian organization and photic responsiveness in Rangifer.     

基于能源消费的浙江省碳排放影响因素实证研究

本文运用协整和Granger因果检验方法,实证了在1995-2013年间浙江省碳排放与经济增长、能源效率、对外贸易、城市化和人口增长的现实关系。研究表明:浙江省碳排放与经济增长之间呈现"弱脱钩"关系,对外贸易、经济增长和人口增长对碳排放有正向驱动效应,而能源效率和城市化水平对碳排放有负向驱动效应。Granger因果关系上,对外贸易、经济增长、城市化水平和人口增长是引起浙江省碳排放变化的Granger原因,且仅存在单向影响机制,能源效率与碳排放互为Granger因果关系。     

一种高效的硅胶中氚化水自动化解析技术

文章介绍采用温度自动控制的铸铝加热方式提取硅胶中氚化水的一种高效节能解析技术,并通过实验验证表明,该解析技术对硅胶吸附氚化水样品的最佳解析时间为15 min,此时100 g饱和硅胶样品至少能解析水7～10 mL用于液闪测量,对硅胶中氚化水的平均回收率优于99%,氚记忆效应小于万分之二。该技术与GB12375-90标准提出的氚蒸馏技术相比,具有能同时处理多个样品,可提高硅胶氚吸附样品前处理制样效率、节约能源等特点。     

地下停车场车辆尾气排放污染物的预测与评价

随着机动车数量不断增长,车辆尾气排放对人们的影响也在加剧,本文以沈阳市某住宅小区地下停车场的车辆尾气排放实测数据与环评工作中常用的经验预测公式进行比较,分析计算尾气污染物的各预测公式的准确程度;同时,对预测值进行评价时,采用不同空气质量标准得出的达标结论有所不同,以此比较不同标准的适用性,为该类项目的环评提供参考。     

移动床颗粒层除尘器除尘效率研究

在分析颗粒层的过滤机理和影响移动床颗粒层除尘器除尘效率因素的基础上,用多因子正交法在实验室上初步研究了过滤气速,颗粒的尺寸和种类,颗粒层厚度和颗粒层中的尘含量等因素对除尘效率的影响。并在工业装置上进行了试验验证。实验证明,适宜的过滤气速为０．２ｍ／ｓ,床内颗粒直径取１－２ｍｍ较好,床层厚度应等于或略大于１５０ｍｍ。     

环保,高效,节能的天车通过式集烟罩

文章介绍了天车通过式电炉烟气捕集罩的原理及设计要点,与传统的屋顶罩相比,它投资低,能耗低,烟气捕集率高,是符合我国国情的较为理想的适用于大、中型超高功率电炉的烟气捕集罩,具有广泛的推广前景。     

RESPONSE OF GREEN‐AMPT MEIN‐LARSEN SIMULATED RUNOFF VOLUMES TO TEMPORALLY AGGREGATED PRECIPITATION1

ABSTRACT: Data collection frequency in automated systems is user determined and can range from seconds to hours or days. Currently, there is no standard or recommended frequency interval for collecting precipitation data from automated systems for input to event‐based models such as Green‐Ampt Mein‐Larsen (GAML). Data from 47 storm events at seven locations were used to simulate the response of GAML excess rainfall to temporally aggregated precipitation data. No difference in model efficiency was recognized when comparing one‐minute interval data (R²= 1.00) to five‐minute data (R²= 1.00). Very little model efficiency was lost at a 10‐minute (R²= 0.96) interval. After 10‐minutes, decline in efficiency became more rapid with R²= 0.16 at one hour. The combined effect of time interval with respect to drainage area, hydraulic conductivity, maximum 30‐minute intensity, and total precipitation also revealed similar results.     

双层滤料颗粒床高温除尘技术及其在冶金炉窑中的应用

双层滤料颗粒床高温除尘技术采用粗细两层滤料,集粗精两级过滤于一体,解决了颗粒床过滤效率低的问题。小试和工业试验表明:除尘效率>99.99%,床层压降<1600Pa,耐高温,运行可靠,投资、维护和运行费用低,是目前最可靠实用的高温除尘技术,可广泛应用于能源、冶金、化工、材料、焚烧等炉窑的烟气除尘,有显著的节能减排、节水节资效益,应用前景广阔。