兰姆波飞机结冰传感器的最佳工作模态研究

首先建立了兰姆波在覆盖冰层的无限大各向同性板中传播的波速方程。通过数值计算获得了在覆盖不同冰层厚度下薄板中兰姆波的色散曲线。接着绘制了在给定检测频率下兰姆波波速随厚度变化的关系曲线图,进一步提出了兰姆波飞机结冰检测过程中最佳模态的选取方法。研究结果表明冰层厚度与兰姆波波速之间存在对应关系,可以通过判断各阶模态的耦合情况来选取最佳检测模态。     

内凹型蜂窝结构在冲击载荷作用下的力学行为及响应特性研究

为减少危险化学品爆炸事故造成的大量应急救援人员伤亡,提升应急救援人员防爆服的防爆能力,有效抵御由爆炸产生的冲击波、破片及高温对人体造成的伤害。研究了具有负泊松比效应的内凹蜂窝结构,通过准静态及激波管冲击实验,对比分析了传统蜂窝结构与内凹蜂窝结构在力学特性、吸能效果与冲击波衰减效率等方面的差异;通过改变内凹蜂窝中结构单元的凹角、尺寸以及构成蜂窝结构的原材料实现对蜂窝结构的优化设计,并对优化后的蜂窝结构吸能特性以及冲击波在结构中的衰减规律进行研究和综合分析。结果表明:内凹蜂窝结构单元的最佳尺寸为3.4 mm,最佳凹角为30°,最佳材料为钛合金。研究成果为寻求同时满足轻质高强、抗冲击和吸能效果要求的结构设计方案提供了理论基础。     

除尘管道内木粉尘爆炸压力传播规律研究

为了探明除尘管道中粉尘爆炸压力的传播规律,利用自制通风除尘管道爆炸特性测试装置进行试验。研究结果表明:整个管道中粉尘爆炸压力波的传播过程可以分为自由传播阶段、管壁反射阶段和一维传播阶段;压力波在传递过程中处于边移动边生长的状态,具有压力累积效应;除尘管道中粉尘爆炸压力波幅及平均升压速率均与粒径呈负相关关系,二者随浓度变化呈现先上升后下降的趋势;利用Matlab分析了浓度、粒径对压力波的交互效应,表明二者交互作用显著。     

岩溶区桩端持力层的电磁层析探测

隐伏岩溶的存在对工程危害较大,常规钻探、物探手段对岩溶区桩端持力层勘探存在不足。本文应用电磁波层析成像技术进行桩端持力层探测分析。工程实例表明该方法行之有效,具有较高的探测精细程度,为桩端持力层的确定提供了直观而准确的依据。     

小型燃油锅炉波形炉胆旋压成形工艺

波形炉胆是小型卧式锅壳式燃油燃气锅炉的重要部件 ,它的质量直接影响着锅炉的正常运行。采用模型压制成形工艺制造波形炉胆存在诸多缺点 ,难以保证其制造质量。文中介绍的波形炉胆旋压成形工艺却非常适合生产波形炉胆 ,可以明显提高产品质量和生产效率。     

S波分裂方法在荣昌地震研究中的初步应用

简要介绍了S波分裂方法的基本理论,在地震分析研究中的计算方法,以及在荣昌地震研究中的一些初步应用.作者选取2003年1月至2005年10月重庆荣昌单台数字化波形,利用S波分裂方法进行处理,从而求得该地区不同时段应力的优势方向以及S波延迟时间,为地震预报和区域应力场研究提供有用信息.     

Modelling the motion of an internal solitary wave over a bottom ridge in a stratified fluid

A series of laboratory experiments has been carried out to investigate the passage of an internal solitary wave of depression over a bottom ridge, in a two-layer fluid system for which the upper and lower layer is linearly-stratified and homogeneous respectively. Density, velocity and vorticity fields induced by the wave propagation over the ridge have been measured simultaneously at three locations, namely upstream, downstream and over the ridge crest, for a wide range of model parameters. Results are presented to show that wave breaking may occur for a sufficiently large wave amplitude and a strong ridge blockage factor, with accompanying mixing and overturning. Density field data are presented (i) to illustrate the overturning and mixing processes that accompany the wave breaking and (ii) to quantify the degree of mixing in terms of the wave and ridge parameters. For weak encounters, good agreement is obtained between the laboratory experimental results (velocity and vorticity fields induced by the wave propagation) and the predictions of a recently-developed fully nonlinear theory. Discrepancies between theory and experiment are discussed for cases in which breaking and mixing occur.     

Fast Ferry Traffic as a Qualitatively New Forcing Factor of Environmental Processes in Non-Tidal Sea Areas: A Case Study in Tallinn Bay,Baltic Sea

The impact of wake wash from high-speed ferries on the coastal environment in non-tidal seas is analysed in terms of wave energy and power, and properties of the largest waves. Shown is that hydrodynamic loads caused by heavy high-speed traffic may play a decisive role not only in low-energy coasts but also in certain areas with high wind wave activity. For example, ship-generated waves form, at least, about 5–8% from the total wave energy and about 18–35% from the wave power in the coastal areas of Tallinn Bay exposed to dominating winds. The periods of wake waves from high-speed ships frequently are much larger than dominating periods of wind waves. The leading waves typically have a height of about 1 m and a period of 10–15 s. Such waves extremely seldom occur in natural conditions in many regions of semi-enclosed seas. They cause unusually high hydrodynamic loads in the deeper part of the nearshore. The fast ferry traffic thus is a qualitatively new forcing component of vital impact on the local ecosystem. It is demonstrated that wakes from high-speed ferries may trigger considerable changes of the existing balance of coastal processes. Owing to their low decay rates combined with their exceptional compactness after crossing many kilometres of the sea surface, such wakes may cause considerable remote impact of the ship traffic. This feature has to be addressed in the analysis of the impact of harbours and associated ship traffic in the neighbourhood of vulnerable areas.     

低纬高原城市区域冬季的大气环境与不同波长辐射特征

本文以低纬高原城市昆明市为研究对象，利用城市内外不同波长辐射的实测资料，分析了颥人、外不同波长辐射的分布特征、变化规律及共差异以及与大气环境的相互关系，探讨了城市及大气环境对太阳辐射的影响为城市气候的深入研究以及城市建筑的规划、设计、环境污染防治提供依据，并可为其它地区的同类研究提供参考。     

处理高浓度氨氮废水的研究

采用新型吹脱汽提-超声波联用技术，对高浓度氨氮废水的处理进行了研究，结果表明，吹脱汽提-超声波联用技术处理效果大于两者单独使用的效果之和。另外，研究中还考察了填料的使用、pH条件、温度、气液比和处理时间的影响，以利选择最优的处理条件。