岩溶区桩端持力层的电磁层析探测

隐伏岩溶的存在对工程危害较大,常规钻探、物探手段对岩溶区桩端持力层勘探存在不足。本文应用电磁波层析成像技术进行桩端持力层探测分析。工程实例表明该方法行之有效,具有较高的探测精细程度,为桩端持力层的确定提供了直观而准确的依据。     

S波分裂方法在荣昌地震研究中的初步应用

简要介绍了S波分裂方法的基本理论,在地震分析研究中的计算方法,以及在荣昌地震研究中的一些初步应用.作者选取2003年1月至2005年10月重庆荣昌单台数字化波形,利用S波分裂方法进行处理,从而求得该地区不同时段应力的优势方向以及S波延迟时间,为地震预报和区域应力场研究提供有用信息.     

Modelling the motion of an internal solitary wave over a bottom ridge in a stratified fluid

A series of laboratory experiments has been carried out to investigate the passage of an internal solitary wave of depression over a bottom ridge, in a two-layer fluid system for which the upper and lower layer is linearly-stratified and homogeneous respectively. Density, velocity and vorticity fields induced by the wave propagation over the ridge have been measured simultaneously at three locations, namely upstream, downstream and over the ridge crest, for a wide range of model parameters. Results are presented to show that wave breaking may occur for a sufficiently large wave amplitude and a strong ridge blockage factor, with accompanying mixing and overturning. Density field data are presented (i) to illustrate the overturning and mixing processes that accompany the wave breaking and (ii) to quantify the degree of mixing in terms of the wave and ridge parameters. For weak encounters, good agreement is obtained between the laboratory experimental results (velocity and vorticity fields induced by the wave propagation) and the predictions of a recently-developed fully nonlinear theory. Discrepancies between theory and experiment are discussed for cases in which breaking and mixing occur.     

Fast Ferry Traffic as a Qualitatively New Forcing Factor of Environmental Processes in Non-Tidal Sea Areas: A Case Study in Tallinn Bay,Baltic Sea

The impact of wake wash from high-speed ferries on the coastal environment in non-tidal seas is analysed in terms of wave energy and power, and properties of the largest waves. Shown is that hydrodynamic loads caused by heavy high-speed traffic may play a decisive role not only in low-energy coasts but also in certain areas with high wind wave activity. For example, ship-generated waves form, at least, about 5–8% from the total wave energy and about 18–35% from the wave power in the coastal areas of Tallinn Bay exposed to dominating winds. The periods of wake waves from high-speed ships frequently are much larger than dominating periods of wind waves. The leading waves typically have a height of about 1 m and a period of 10–15 s. Such waves extremely seldom occur in natural conditions in many regions of semi-enclosed seas. They cause unusually high hydrodynamic loads in the deeper part of the nearshore. The fast ferry traffic thus is a qualitatively new forcing component of vital impact on the local ecosystem. It is demonstrated that wakes from high-speed ferries may trigger considerable changes of the existing balance of coastal processes. Owing to their low decay rates combined with their exceptional compactness after crossing many kilometres of the sea surface, such wakes may cause considerable remote impact of the ship traffic. This feature has to be addressed in the analysis of the impact of harbours and associated ship traffic in the neighbourhood of vulnerable areas.     

低纬高原城市区域冬季的大气环境与不同波长辐射特征

本文以低纬高原城市昆明市为研究对象，利用城市内外不同波长辐射的实测资料，分析了颥人、外不同波长辐射的分布特征、变化规律及共差异以及与大气环境的相互关系，探讨了城市及大气环境对太阳辐射的影响为城市气候的深入研究以及城市建筑的规划、设计、环境污染防治提供依据，并可为其它地区的同类研究提供参考。     

工业废水与河流水体对藻类的毒性实验

采用静水式急性毒性和亚急性毒性两种实验方法，分别对5大类共14种工业废水与河流水体进行了抑制斜生栅列藻生长的毒性实验。结果表明，电子类废水对斜生栅列藻的生长影响毒性最大，其次为农药类、化工类、纺织类和食品类。未经处理的废水有急性毒性，部分废水处理后对水生斜生栅列藻仍然存在亚急性致毒因子。实验还发现大多数处理后的废水含氨氮比例较高促进斜生栅列藻的生长，也会导致河流水体富营养化。     

低应变反射波法基桩动测资料分析中的若干问题探讨

本文对低应变反射波法基桩动测资料分析中存在的信号分析方法、尺寸效应、桩周土的影响等问题的最新研究进展进行了分析,并且对相应问题给出了一些建议和可能的解决方法.     

保护层一次爆除技术在船闸开挖中的应用

在贵港航运枢纽工程船闸开挖中，采用了孔间微差和宽孔距小梯段孔底设柔性保护层的一次钻爆技术，确保了基岩的完整性。     

Impulsive waves caused by subaerial landslides

This paper presents the experimental results of impulsive waves caused by subaerial landslides. A wide range of effective parameters are considered and studied by performing 120 laboratory tests. Considered slide masses are both rigid and deformable. The effects of bed slope angle, water depth, slide impact velocity, geometry, shape and deformation on impulse wave characteristics have been inspected. The impulse wave features such as amplitude, period and also energy conversation are studied. The effects of slide Froude number and deformation on energy conversation from slide into wave are also investigated. Based on laboratory measured data an empirical equation for impulse wave amplitude and period have been presented and successfully verified using available data of previous laboratory works.     

气体爆轰波在弯曲管道中传播特性的实验研究

对丙烷 -空气爆轰波通过 90°弯管道时的传播特性作了实验研究 ,主要是气体爆轰波通过弯管道前后的火焰速度以及加速情况的研究 ,初步得出 ,爆轰波经过弯管道后单位距离上的火焰速度增量显著增加。这一研究结果证明 ,弯曲管道对于爆燃与爆轰波火焰有明显的加速作用