三点比较式臭袋法与动态嗅觉仪法关联性研究

由于多数恶臭物质的嗅阈值较低,使其恶臭浓度的测定较为困难。感官测定法因其可直接反映恶臭对人们的影响成为普遍使用的恶臭测定方法。国标方法三点比较式臭袋法存在一些缺陷,而世界上许多发达国家采用高自动化和高准确度的动态嗅觉仪法进行恶臭浓度测定。采用硫化氢和氨气进行实验,将两种方法测定结果进行关联研究,以推动动态嗅觉仪法在我国的应用。研究表明,两种测定方法对硫化氢和氨气的测定结果,具有一定的相关性。此外,在臭气强度的测定上,动态嗅觉仪法表现出更大优越性。     

A new method of simultaneous determination of atmospheric amines in gaseous and particulate phases by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

As more attention is being paid to the characteristics of atmospheric amines, there is also an increasing demand for reliable detection technologies. Herein, a method was developed for simultaneous detection of atmospheric amines in both gaseous and particulate phases using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The amine samples were collected with and without phosphoric acid filters, followed by derivatization with benzenesulfonyl chloride under alkaline condition prior to GC-MS analysis. Furthermore, the method was optimized and validated for determining 14 standard amines. The detection limits ranged from 0.0408-0.421 µg/mL (for gaseous samples) and 0.163-1.69 µg/mL (for particulate samples), respectively. The obtained recoveries ranged from 68.8%-180% and the relative standard deviation was less than 30%, indicating high precision and good reliability of the method. Seven amines were simultaneously detected in gaseous and particulate samples in an industrial park using the developed method successfully. Methylamine, dimethylamine and diethylamine together accounted for 76.7% and 75.6% of particulate and gaseous samples, respectively. By comparing the measured and predicted values of gas-particle partition fractions, it was found that absorption process of aqueous phase played a more important role in the gas-partition of amines than physical adsorption. Moreover, the reaction between unprotonated amines and acid (aq.) in water phase likely promoted water absorption. Higher measured partition fraction of dibutylamine was likely due to the reaction with gaseous HCl. The developed method would help provide a deeper understanding of gas-particle partitioning as well as atmospheric evolution of amines.     

重金属检测方法研究进展

由于重金属在人体中累积达到一定程度,会造成慢性中毒,因此成为环境检测的一项重要指标。本文对重金属的检测方法及其特点进行了回顾和总结,并对这一领域的发展趋势予以展望,指出开发简便、快速、高效的分析仪器联用技术是未来发展的新趋势。     

纳氏试剂光度法测定水中氨氮的质量控制

对影响纳氏试剂光度法测定水中氨氮的有关因素进行了研究和探讨,以提高测定准确度与精密度。     

GC-MS法测定多种有机磷农药残留

以HP-35MS色谱柱代替传统的HP-5MS色谱柱,试验了蔬菜、水果中多种有机磷农药残留的气-质联用快速检测方法。采用选择离子扫描(SIM)模式,根据保留时间和特征离子丰度比,可在40 m in内定性和定量检测30种有机磷农药残留。通过对蔬菜、水果等样品多次试验验证,添加量为0.01μg~1.00μg时,回收率在79.5%~106%之间,相对标准偏差<10%,检出限为6.6×10-10g~8.7×10-9g,均比使用HP-5MS色谱柱有所改善。     

吹扫捕集-GC/MS-SIM法测定海水中挥发性有机污染物

采用吹扫捕集 -GC/MS -SIM法测定水中挥发性有机物 ,具有定量准确、操作简便等特点 ,检测限可达ng/L级 ,适合环境水中低浓度挥发性有机物的测定。测定实际海水样品 ,其浓度范围在 0 4ng/L～ 1 0 0 0ng/L之间。     

动植物油测定方法研究

自配动植物油的四氯化碳溶液.用红外分光光度法进行测定,测定浓度小于配制浓度.测定浓度与配制浓度线性相关性良好.测得相关性方程.在水样测定时,将测定值作为信号值代入线性方程,对测定值进行校正,校正后所得结果更加符合动植物油的实际浓度.