Reducing the risks posed by natural hazards and climate change: the need for a participatory dialogue between the scientific community and policy makers

In the last two decades we witnessed a progressive shift in the approach towards the reduction of the impact of natural hazards. From a general reactive approach, focusing on strengthening disaster response mechanisms, we have moved to proactive approaches. There has been recognition that each element of society, from public institutions to private sector, from community-based organizations to every single individual, can make a difference by acting before disasters strike to reduce the associated risks of human and economic losses. This proactive approach can be summarized in three words: Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR).Today, DRR is an approach used in several sectors and research areas. In the Development sphere, DRR is considered a key feature for sustainability of economic and development gains – especially for developing countries. Significantly, the United Nations Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction (2009) is titled “Risk and poverty in a changing climate” highlighting the importance of DRR in reducing poverty while being a means to address the challenges posed by adaptation to climate change.This paper, which serves as an introduction to the special issue of Environment Science & Policy on climate change impact on water-related disasters, intends to provide readers with an overview of the main policy frameworks addressing DRR internationally and in Europe. Further, it aims to offer some “food for thought” on the underlying opportunities we have to enhance the resilience of our communities towards the risks posed by weather-related hazards. It stresses the importance of governance of risks, which starts from an effective dialogue between the scientific community and the policy makers: those who have the responsibility to decide on the most cost-effective interventions to address climate change adaptation and risk reduction.     

浅析开展幼儿环境教育遵循的几项原则

随着教育改革的深入,幼儿教育界的改革也随之而深入,新的《幼儿园教育纲要》对开展幼儿环境教育提出更高的要求,幼儿环境教育是更加重要。在幼儿环境教育中必须以幼儿的真实生活环境为课堂,运用"互动式"教育,不宜作为一个单独的学习领域或知识领域,而应以渗透为主,开展幼儿环境教育。     

环境工程专业课实践教学法的探讨

在分析环境工程专业课程体系要求和特点的基础上,提出了环境工程专业课实践教学法的涵义,探讨了实践教学法的存在的问题以及实施途径,指出环境工程专业课实践教学法需要结合自身特点,加强认知和理解,不断研究和实践,使之走向规范化.     

非环境专业在校大学生环境意识调查分析研究——以南通市为例

以问卷调查形式了解南通市非环境专业在校大学生环境意识现状,并针对本次调查所暴露的问题,提出从校园环境建设与管理、课程设置、课堂教学、学生的社会实践活动四个方面着手全面培养在校大学生的环境素质,建议多方面多渠道补充非环境专业在校大学生的环境保护知识,引导他们主动积极地参与环境保护行动,提高他们的环境素质。以期为更好的开展在校大学生环境教育提供一定的依据。     

论城市生活垃圾分类收集中的公众参与

阐明了在城市生活垃圾分类收集中公众参与的重要意义,分析了在目前情况下公众参与不高的原因,从加强宣传教育自觉转变行为、加强垃圾分类管理约束公众行为、良好社会氛图形成、加强垃圾分类指导提高垃圾分类积极性和效率等方面提出了应对城市生活垃圾分类收集的对策建议。     

高师地理教育专业学生灾害教育研究

地理师范生是未来普及灾害教育的生力军,他们对灾害知识的了解水平将直接影响到未来灾害教育的普及,因此必须加强地理师范生灾害教育.研究认为高等院校地理专业应建立完善灾害教育体系,强化地理师范生灾害知识体系,同时对怎样训练地理师范生掌握现代多媒体技术和充分利用网络资源以及培训他们推广灾害知识的能力提出建议.     

加强青少年生态文明教育的方法与途径探析

广大青少年是中国未来的主人,他们的生态文明素质和观念直接影响着我国经济社会的可持续发展。本文提出了加强青少年生态文明教育的基本方法和途径。     

Variations in public and private employees’ perceptions of organizational preparedness for natural disasters

Studies have demonstrated that public and private organizations differ in many respects (e.g. funding mechanisms and risk-taking capabilities). Based on this scholarship, we expect to see differences in their disaster preparedness levels. Hence, we propose the following research question: Are there variations in public and private employees’ perceptions of organizational preparedness for natural disasters? We answer this question by employing the theories of publicness and social identity. We define publicness through the core approach arguing that public and private organizations are uniquely different based on their legal status or ownership and social identity as an individual’s feeling of oneness or belongingness to a particular group or organization. Using data gathered in 2014 from a nationally representative sample of 1634 public and private employees in the United States, we posit that employees of private organizations will report higher preparedness levels in comparison to employees of public organizations. Our proposition is based on scholarship that found a negative relationship between publicness and organizational identification and a positive relationship between organizational identification and organizational performance. Contrary to our proposition, but in line with the disaster literature, the results showed that in general, employees of public organizations reported a higher preparedness level than employees of private organizations.     

中国林业安全生产和安全科学技术发展现状和水平

从林业安全生产特点及其状况、林业安全管理和安全科学技术的发展、林业安全教育与培训等方面,简要论述了林业安全生产的特殊性,林业安全生产的现状和有关曲线图及分布图;我国林业系统当前安全管理体系、专业队伍情况;安全管理技术的研究、应用和进展;安全科学技术研究、应用情况;安全科学研究机构、学术理论及林业安全技术研究、运用状况以及林业安全教育体系、方式等问题。