Washing out heavy metals from contaminated soils from an iron and steel smelting site

Washing is a promising method for separating contaminants bound to the particles of soil ex-situ by chemical mobilization. Laboratory batch washing experiments were conducted using deionized water and varying concentrations of oxalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid and ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid (EDTA) to assess the efficiency of using these chemicals as washing agents and to clean up heavy metals from two heavily polluted soils from an iron and streel smelting site. The toxicity reduction index and remediation costs were analyzed, and the results showed that the soils were polluted with Cd, Pb and Zn. Hydrochloric acid and EDTA were more efficient than the other washing agents in the remediation of the test soils. The maximum total toxicity reduction index showed that 0.5 mol·L^-1 hydrochloric acid could achieve the remediation with the lowest costs.     

基于Profibus-DP的废钢破碎线控制系统设计与实现

江苏鼎豪再生资源设备有限公司2012年成功开发了大型废钢破碎线,采用PLC并基于Profibus-DP总线构成监督控制与采集（SCADA）系统。用模糊控制思想实现了破碎机的自动加料控制,并采用组态软件WINCC开发了操作、监控界面,在控制室实现了对整条破碎生产线进行控制与监控。     

活动式密闭罩在钢包翻罐装置尘源治理中的应用

针对某钢厂钢包翻罐装置的工艺特点 ,结合该装置除尘系统改造工程 ,设计了一种大型活动式密闭罩 ,解决了钢包翻罐装置的尘源捕集问题 ,在实际应用中获得了良好效果     

钢铁企业无组织排放特征污染物的监测分析

东部老工业区是济南市大气污染重点防控区域。工业区大型企业的无组织排放废气对区域及周边大气环境质量产生的影响,一直没有引起人们的足够重视,因对其排放量大小和污染物种类不清楚,难以进行监管。本文以济南东部老工业区一家大型钢铁企业为例,选取五项有代表性的特征污染物(苯、甲苯、二甲苯、非甲烷总烃和氨)进行布点监测,在不同气象条件下,分析特征污染物的浓度变化,了解钢铁企业无组织排放特征。经对监测数据的分析得出:与上风向相比,下风向各污染物监测的小时浓度和日均浓度均有不同程度的增加,表明该厂区污染源对周边环境空气质量有一定影响。最后,提出防范或改进措施,如应加严相应的无组织排放标准,增加大气在线监测点位及监测项目,建议企业加强对生产工艺环节无组织排放废气的收集和处理。     

Quantification of the influence of life cycle parameters on the total environmental impact of steel-framed buildings

Due to the increased urgency with which environmental issues are currently being prioritized, business sectors such as construction, that have been identified as one of the largest consumers of raw materials and energy, are actively involved in research aiming to optimize construction processes and products in terms of environmental impact. Although researchers have pointed out various issues and aspects of a construction project’s delivery process that can significantly affect its environmental impact, the extent to which these issues can influence the total environmental impact of the project is unclear. The current research aims to investigate and eventually quantify the influence of a number of such parameters, utilizing an existing steel-framed building as the basis for the necessary calculations. The conclusions drawn illustrate the actual extent of the influence of the examined life cycle parameters, while also offering specific insight in regard to the determination of criteria that can be used as the basis for recommendations for similar projects.     

紫下大桥安全检测与评价方法研究

钢桥因具有跨径大、承载能力强、施工工期短等特点,被世界各国广泛采用,但在使用过程中,由于重载甚至超载车辆的反复作用、自然灾害的侵袭及交通事故等人为因素的作用,经常造成桥梁损伤和局部破坏,导致桥梁承载能力和耐久性的降低,甚至影响到运营的安全。本文建立了钢拱桥的健康检测和安全评价方法,采用防腐涂层厚度测定、结合强度测定、无损探伤和动静载荷试验等手段对紫下大桥健康状况进行了检测,采用不确定层次分析法对大桥进行了安全评价,提出了处理意见和措施,为既有钢拱桥的健康检测、评价和维护积累了有益的资料。     

Treatment of tannery wastewater by electrocoagulation

Treatment of tannery wastewater by electrocoagulation with low cell current(≤1A)and soluble electrodes(mild steel electrodes and aluminum electrodes)was studied.Compared with aluminum electrodes,mild steel electrodes were more effective for the removal of sulfide,with a removal efficiency of over 90%.But during the treatment process,black color precipitate typical to iron(Ⅱ)sulfides was produced.While aluminum electrodes were effective to eliminate the colority of the effluent,the removal efficiency of sulfide was lower than 12%.The mechanisms of the removal of chemical oxygen demand,ammonia,total organic carbon,sulfide and colority with the two soluble electrodes(mild steel and aluminum electrodes)were discussed in detail.In order to exert the predominance of diffenent types of electrodes,the tannery wastewater was treated using mild steel electrodes first followed by the filter and finally by the aluminum electrodes,the elimination rates of chemical oxygen demand,ammonia,total organic carbon,sulfide and colority were 68.0%,43.1%,55.1%,96.7% and 84.3%,respectively,with the initial concentrations 2413.1 mg/L,223.4 mg/L,1000.4 mg/L,112.3 mg/L and 256 dilution times,respectively.The absorbance spectra and energy consumption during electrocoagulation process were also discussed.     

剪切型软钢阻尼器焊接热影响研究

剪切型软钢阻尼器是由连接板、翼缘板、横向加劲肋和耗能板等4个构件组成,通过焊接技术组合起来的一种减震装置,在减震技术领域被广泛应用的低屈服点软钢阻尼器,各构件连接的技术和机理对阻尼器的工作性能有着直接的影响.运用数值模拟与盲孔法实验测量相结合的方式,以焊接电流为变量,进行焊接剪切型阻尼器的焊接残余应力分布规律的研究.结...     

钢铁生产流程污染贡献综合评价方法研究

采用层次分析法,建立了钢铁生产过程污染贡献综合评价的指标体系和评价方法,并将其应用于不同生产规模和技术水平的2个典型案例(钢铁联合企业A和B)的各工序污染贡献整体性评价. 结果表明:企业A和B各工序污染贡献排序基本相同,与实际情况相符,但企业B各工序污染贡献综合评价值低于企业A,表明规模效应和技术进步可以大幅降低过程的污染强度;铁前工序是钢铁行业污染最为严重的环节,是清洁生产技术升级的关键所在.      

某型波段开关瞬动动作特性及失效机理

目的 研究某型波段开关瞬动动作特性及磨损失效机理。方法 通过建立瞬动机构物理模型,进行瞬动机构滑动件受力分析、转动力矩随旋转角度变化分析,研究瞬动开关瞬动动作特性,分析并探讨瞬动机构的磨损失效机理。结果 在波段开关的瞬动角度范围内,瞬动力矩随着转动角度θ的增加呈先增大、后减小的趋势。在瞬动初始状态,旋转力矩为最小值1.2 kg·cm;当瞬动处于中间位置（瞬动角度为16°）时,转动力矩为最大值1.5 kg·cm;随着转动角度θ继续增大,转动力矩不断减小,最终恢复至初始值,与实物瞬动复位功能相符。瞬动机构滑动件受基座的正压力N随转动角度θ的增加而增大。基座塑料受过大压力产生磨损,使转动（复位）力矩降低,滑动件无法复位,导致瞬动功能失效。结论 某型波段开关瞬动功能由滑动件钢球、基座长弧形斜坡、接触压力保证,弧面磨损致使钢球所受接触压力分量不足,导致瞬动功能失效,该失效机制为疲劳磨损失效。可通过改变基座材料、滑动件结构或材料以及改善瞬动机构工作条件来提高瞬动寿命和可靠性。