飞机用缓蚀剂性能分析

目的延缓或抑制飞机结构腐蚀的发生。方法选择飞机维护中具有工程应用基础的5种不同类别(TFHS-15,LPS03316,Cor-Ban 35,Corrosion X Aviation,WD 40)的缓蚀剂,采用GM9540P加速腐蚀环境谱(包括盐雾、湿热和干燥等3个模块)对5种缓蚀剂的性能进行评价。结果喷涂TFHS-15试验件表面无气泡、剥落和变色,喷涂Cor-Ban 35的试验件表面无气泡和剥落,有轻微变色,这两种缓蚀剂的防护等级为10级;喷涂Corrosion X Aviation试验件表面少量剥落,防护等级为9级;喷涂LPS03316的试验件表面微量脱落和轻微变色,防护等级为8级;喷涂WD 40的试验件表面大量脱落和变色,防护等级为1级。结论经过加速腐蚀循环试验对试验件进行对比,TFHS-15和Cor-Ban 35两种缓蚀剂在飞机中使用时施工性能和防护性能最好。这两种缓蚀剂可以作为飞机腐蚀预防的有效手段,在军机中推广应用。     

Plastic buckling,wrinkling and collapse behaviour of dented X80 steel line pipes under axial compression

High strength steel pipes have found increasing applications in deep high pressure offshore oil/gas lines. Damages in the form of dent are among common causes of pipeline failure. Indentation, plastic buckling and residual strength of dented normal grade steel pipes under bending, axial and combined loading have previously been addressed by a number of researchers. The plastic buckling and collapse of dented high grades steel line pipes, however, have received less previous attentions.In the current study an experimental model testing was used to evaluate the residual strength of dented X80 steel pipes under monotonic axial compression. The tubular specimens were first laterally dented by an indentor while resting on a saddle shape support. The specimens were then examined under axial compression to study the dent effects on their collapse behaviour. Numerical simulations were also used to analyse the effect of the indentor ratio, shape and alignment on the residual strength of dented steel tubes under monotonic axial compression. The results from the current study on high strength steels were also compared with semi-empirical equations available in the literature for low strength steels. It was found that these equations provide reasonable predictions for the axial residual capacity of the high strength steel pipes when the dent depths are small. With deep dents, however, they considerably underestimate the axial residual capacity of the high strength steel pipes.     

薄壁钢-轻质混凝土组合楼板的受火后力学性能及评估模型研究

对5块内置钢骨架的轻集料混凝土组合楼板在火灾后的受力性能进行了试验研究,并基于试验结果给出了火灾后组合楼板综合承载力的评估模型。结果表明,该组合楼板在火灾作用后仍具有较高的剩余承载力和整体刚度,其主要影响参数包括轻骨料混凝土预制板中的配筋数量、受火时的荷载分布方式与荷载值以及火灾升温后所采用的冷却方式。受火时组合楼板试件中钢骨架主、次构件正上方的混凝土表面首先出现裂缝,且火灾后加载时进一步发展。火灾下均匀堆载的组合楼板试件的名义刚度较局部堆载的试件刚度提高18.5%;采用人工喷淋冷却方式较之自然冷却,其火灾后组合楼板试件静载试验的残余位移增大23.9%;所建立的综合指标模型可用于评估火灾后组合楼板试件的综合承载力。     

熔融钢渣池式热闷在新余钢铁钢渣处理中的应用

介绍了钢渣池式热闷新工艺应用于新余钢铁集团钢渣处理工程的情况,并将其与原有钢渣处理工艺在处理效果上相对比,发现应用钢渣热闷处理工艺,最大限度地消除钢渣的不稳定因素并实现金属铁与其他连生体的充分解离和尾渣充分利用是钢渣资源化处理利用的最佳途径,采用钢渣热闷处理工艺后钢渣产品中渣钢品位在85%以上,磁选粉铁品位达到40%以上,尾渣铁品位降至1.6%,钢渣中f-CaO含量小于3%,且钢渣粉化效果较好,满足用于生产钢渣微粉的原料要求,为钢渣的资源化利用提供了良好的前提条件。     

湿热环境中汽车板表面腐蚀萌生与表面轮廓特征的关系

目的探究储运过程中深冲用汽车板表面轮廓对其耐蚀性能的影响。方法在模拟的高温高湿腐蚀环境中研究两类无间隙原子钢在其腐蚀初期表面锈点的萌生规律,并采用白光干涉轮廓仪对钢板的表面形貌特征进行表征,探究影响储运过程中汽车板耐蚀性能的表面状态因素。结果仅通过平均粗糙度Sa的差异无法区分具有不同表面轮廓特征的汽车板,因此也无法使用平均粗糙度参数Sa预估汽车板的耐蚀性能。在锈点萌生初期,汽车板表面轮廓的最大高度Sz和最大峰高Sp值的大小直接影响表面电化学活性。在锈点扩展阶段,汽车板表面波峰聚集程度的作用对锈点扩展的影响更为显著。结论 Sz和Sp越大,锈点萌生的速度越快;波峰聚集程度越高,锈点扩展速度越快。该研究结果为提高钢板表面耐蚀性能提供了一条新的思路。     

Target the neglected VOCs emission from iron and steel industry in China for air quality improvement

● Haze formation in China is highly correlated with iron and steel industry. ● VOCs generated in sinter process were neglected under current emission standard. ● Co-elimination removal of sinter flue gas complex pollutants are timely needed. Recent years have witnessed significant improvement in China’s air quality. Strict environmental protection measures have led to significant decreases in sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NO_x), and particulate matter (PM) emissions since 2013. But there is no denying that the air quality in 135 cities is inferior to reaching the Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB 3095–2012) in 2020. In terms of temporal, geographic, and historical aspects, we have analyzed the potential connections between China’s air quality and the iron and steel industry. The non-target volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions from iron and steel industry, especially from the iron ore sinter process, may be an underappreciated index imposing a negative effect on the surrounding areas of China. Therefore, we appeal the authorities to pay more attention on VOCs emission from the iron and steel industry and establish new environmental standards. And different iron steel flue gas pollutants will be eliminated concurrently with the promotion and application of new technology.     

钢铁工业发展循环经济的基本途径探讨

分析了钢铁工业循环经济的基本特征,着重探讨了钢铁工业发展循环经济的基本途径,其中包括：最大限度地降低自然资源消耗,采用成熟技术提高二次能源利用效率,降低能耗,节约水资源,把固体废物资源化利用,尽可能减少污染物的发生量,努力发展工程科技,开发钢铁工业和其它行业的绿色新流程。     

某气田井下管柱的失效原因分析及对策

目的 分析某气田井下管柱失效的根本原因,并提出有效的解决措施,以减少同类事故的再次发生。方法 采用宏观分析、拉伸性能、化学成分分析、金相分析、腐蚀产物分析、水质分析及结垢预测等方法,对可能造成某气田井下管柱腐蚀的原因进行深入分析。结果 失效件的拉伸性能、化学成分及金相显微组织均满足标准要求,排除因材质缺陷引起腐蚀。宏观分析表明,油管外螺纹与接箍内螺纹及镗孔处存在缝隙,且在缝隙处未预涂丝扣螺纹脂,因此在含有大量 Cl^?的腐蚀性环境中发生了缝隙腐蚀。此外,由于该地层水易结垢,当 Ca CO₃垢及砂样沉积在缝隙处时,再次构成缝隙腐蚀发生的条件,从而加速腐蚀的进行。结论 在下管柱作业中,在接箍与油管旋合处有必要预涂螺纹脂,防止服役环境中的腐蚀介质在缝隙处造成缝隙腐蚀而减少井下管柱的服役寿命。     

用新型钢刷电除尘器治理活性石灰粉尘的烟气

本文介绍了企业根据对活性石灰粉尘性质的研究和治理实践经验的总结,设计出的新型的钢刷式电除尘器,较好地解决了熔剂系统的除尘问题。     

钢制环氧套筒修复环焊缝缺陷管道影响因素研究

为研究钢制环氧套筒不同结构参数对X80管道环焊缝缺陷修复补强效果的影响,基于ANSYS有限元软件建立钢制环氧套筒修复含环焊缝缺陷X80管道的有限元模型,在内压与弯矩荷载联合作用下进行有限元模拟,并验证该模型的有效性及准确性。研究结果表明：随着钢制环氧套筒厚度(H)和长度(L)的增加,修复补强效果逐渐加强;当厚度(H)和长度(L)达到一定值后,修复补强效果不再改变;随着环氧树脂厚度(δ)的增加,修复补强效果逐渐变差;采用环氧树脂厚度为15 mm且钢制环氧套筒厚度和长度分别为27,1 800 mm时,对直径为1 016 mm且壁厚为15.3 mm的含环焊缝缺陷X80管道的修复效果达到最优。