生活污水脱氮除磷DBP工艺中试研究

中国环境科学研究院与韩国H2L公司合作开发的脱氮除磷工艺——DBP(Double Biofilm Process)工艺,即双生物膜法,是将A2/O工艺、接触氧化法和曝气生物滤池有机结合起来,通过改变设计参数和运行参数,引进纤毛填料,使这3种工艺优点互补,缺点互避,形成的一种生物脱氮除磷工艺. 通过中试试验研究该工艺处理生活污水时的脱氮除磷效果. 结果表明,该工艺对COD_Cr和SS的平均去除率分别为91.5%和94.5%,对总氮和总磷的平均去除率分别为78.4%和82.4%,出水能达到中水回用要求,且运行效果稳定.      

创新实验教学模式,提升学生实践技能——基于南京大学“三三制”教改的环境生物学实验教学探索与实践

近年来,南京大学推动了"三三制"本科教学改革,为本科学生的培养提供3个阶段(大类培养、专业培养和多元培养)和3条个性化发展路径(专业学术类、复合交叉类、就业创业类)的新模式。为实现学校"三三制"教改的目标,南京大学环境生物学实验教学团队紧扣平台建设和实验环节,以创新实验教学模式为重点,以培养学生自主实验、自主探索能力为目标,融合"基础型实验—综合型(自主)实验—创新型(研究探索)实验",激发学生的实验兴趣,形成学生积极、主动开展实验的新模式,营造良好的实验教学氛围。结果表明,上述"三三制"环境生物学实验教改方案取得了良好的教学效果,提高了学生的创新意识和实践能力,为培养高素质的环境生物学科人才进行了有益的探索。     

Prenatal diagnosis of congenital non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma (lamellar ichthyosis)

We report the first positive prenatal diagnosis ofcongenital non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma or lamellar ichthyosis. Fetal skin samples were obtained by fetoscopy at 21 weeks' gestation and examined by light and electron microscopy. Light microscopy revealed a thickened interfollicular epidermis with multiple layers of flattened cells and excessive keratinization of the epidermal lining of the follicular infundibulum. Electron microscopy of the thickened epidermis revealed granular cells that contained larger-than-normal keratohyalin granules and multiple layers of parakeratotic cornified cells. Although there was regional variation in the degree of interfollicular keratinization, follicles from all regions showed greater and more complete keratinization, indicating that they express the abnormality early enough in development to permit prenatal diagnosis at about 20 weeks' gestation.     

Is there a commercially viable market for crop insurance in rural Bangladesh?

The study aims to assess the commercial viability of a potential crop insurance market in Bangladesh. In a large scale household survey, agricultural farm households were asked for their preferences for a hypothetical crop insurance scheme using double bounded (DB) contingent valuation (CV) method. Both revenue and production cost based indemnity payment approaches were applied to assess the commercial viability of a crop insurance program assuming a partner-agent (PA) model of insurance supply. Crop insurance is found marginally commercially viable in riverine flood plain areas. The expected indemnity payable consistently exceeds the expected insurance premium receivable by the insurer for the households living in wetland basin and coastal floodplain. We conclude that a uniform structure of crop insurance market does not exist in Bangladesh. The nature of the disaster risks faced by the farm households and the socio-economic characteristics of the rural farm communities need to be taken into careful consideration while designing such an insurance scheme.

内嵌式蒙皮散热器气动阻力影响研究

目的 开展内嵌式蒙皮散热器对小型飞行器气动阻力影响研究,探明气动阻力产生的原因及影响因素。方法 利用数值仿真技术,对气动阻力增大的诱因进行理论分析,分别研究蒙皮散热器引流口半径、导流口半径和翅片厚度等结构参数对飞行器气动阻力及散热性能的影响,进而平衡蒙皮散热器散热能力和飞行器气动阻力等设计指标。结果 配置蒙皮散热器为电子设备提供热沉会导致小型飞行器气动阻力增大,原因是配置散热器诱导产生了额外的压差阻力和摩擦阻力。结论 增大引流口、导流口半径可减小压差阻力,增加翅片厚度,则可减小摩擦阻力,进而减小飞行器气动阻力。增加翅片厚度,可使气动阻力减少20%以上,同时也会导致传热性能的显著降低,增大引流口、导流口半径则可在一定程度促进传热。     

双碱法脱硫工艺的技术革新

浙江某热电厂运行的传统双碱法脱硫工艺出现了塔体结垢、脱硫渣得不到正常分离、脱硫效率低下、运行成本高等问题。本文主要分析与研究双碱法脱硫工艺的技术革新过程,并阐述经过技术革新后,新双碱法工艺的运行情况;真正实现了脱硫效率的大幅度提升;脱硫渣中石膏含量的提升;系统抗风险能力的提升。     

Nonylphenol photodegradation by novel ternary MIL-100（Fe）/ZnFe2O4/PCN composite under visible light irradiation via double charge transfer process

Nonylphenol（NP） residues, as a typical endocrine disrupting chemical（EDC）, frequently exist in sewage, surface water, groundwater and even drinking water, which poses a serious threat to human health due to its bioaccumulation. In order to remove NP, a series of MIL-100（Fe）/Zn Fe₂O₄/flake-like porous carbon nitride（MIL/ZC） was synthesized through in-situ synthesis at room temperature. High performance of ternary MIL/ZC is used to degrade NP under visible light irradiation. ...     

单桩负摩阻力计算方法比较分析

桩基工程中桩侧负摩阻力所产生的作用于桩体上的下拽力,可能引起桩体破坏、桩基不均匀沉降等诸多工程灾害。为此,工程师们建立了许多单桩负摩阻力计算公式,但是由于这些公式各自的适用性和局限性,计算结果差别较大。首先介绍了目前国内外用于计算单桩负摩阻力及确定中性点位置的几种常用方法:极限分析法、荷载传递法、弹性或弹塑性理论法、剪切位移法和数值分析法;再结合具体工程实例,对以上几种方法进行比较,指出各自的适用条件、优缺点等,为工程设计提供参考。     

“双十一”与日常网络购物关注度耦合协调的空间格局及驱动研究

挖掘"双十一"与日常网络购物之间的耦合关注特征对制定营销策略和调配运输资源具有重大意义。基于百度指数获取网络用户对"双十一"与日常网络购物的关注度,计算它们之间的耦合协调度并分析其空间格局与驱动机制。结果表明:①关注度两极分化显著,大部分城市的耦合协调等级较低。②耦合协调度空间正相关显著,呈现出东—中—西空间分异格局。③住户存款余额影响作用最大,消费能力决定消费倾向。④华北和东北地区属于消费主导区,西北和西南地区属于次消费主导区,华南地区属于生产主导区。