Mitochondrial DNA depletion presenting prenatally with skin edema and multisystem disease immediately after birth

We describe two newborn sisters who presented in the third trimester with diminished fetal movements and skin edema, but with no other signs of hydrops fetalis. Within hours of birth, both developed profound lactic acidemia, followed by multi-organ failure. In muscle mitochondria, the activity of all enzymatic complexes that contain mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded subunits was markedly decreased. Southern blot analysis revealed a profound reduction in the mtDNA/nuclear DNA ratio, implying mtDNA depletion. The prenatal identification of skin edema in two patients with mtDNA depletion, and its absence in a healthy sibling, suggest that skin edema should be regarded as a novel manifestation of mtDNA depletion. This finding shows that mtDNA depletion can present prenatally and, consequently, may aid the clinician in making a diagnosis, prenatally, of this genetic defect. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

双柱双ECD检测器-气相色谱法测定水中的灭蚁灵

采用液液萃法取提取水中的灭蚁灵,经浓硫酸净化,用双柱双ECD检测器-气相色谱法进行测定。当取样体积为100ml时,ECD1(色谱柱DB-35ms)和ECD2(色谱柱HP-5)的检出限分别为0.051μg/L和0.038μg/L,六组水样加标回收率为81.6%和78.4%,相对标准偏差3.74%和2.32%。该方法一次进样可得到两组数据来进行灭蚁灵的定性和定量分析,排除了假阳性产生的可能性,因此定性更准确、定量更精确。     

镁铝双氢氧化物对无卤阻燃EVA的协效阻燃效果研究

利用共沉淀法合成了镁铝双氢氧化物（MgAl-LDH）,采用熔融共混的方法,制备了含Mgal—LDH片层的无卤阻燃EVA纳米复合材料,通过多种表征手段分析研究了MgAl-LDH对无卤阻燃EVA（乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物）的协效阻燃效果。扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）的结果表明LDH的片层能够促进阻燃剂在EVA基体中的分散;锥形量热仪（Conecalorimetry）燃烧测试表明协效阻燃EVA的热释放速率相对于纯阻燃EVA显著降低,其他主要燃烧参数也有同样的变化趋势,说明MgAl-LDH具有良好的协效阻燃作用。材料的燃烧残余物的形貌分析表明,LDH协效阻燃EVA在燃烧过程中能形成致密而连续的保护层,有效阻隔材料在燃烧过程中气体挥发物的扩散和与燃烧环境间能量的交换,提高燃烧残留量,降低材料的火灾危险性。     

Ecological Consequences of Atmospheric Ozone Depletion in Northern Regions (Arkhangelsk Oblast)

Data on skin cancer morbidity and the total ozone concentration in the atmosphere over Arkhangelsk were processed using a standard method. The results showed that ozone depletion contributes to the increase of morbidity accounted for by this nosological form.     

蒙皮涂层在地中海气候和热带沙漠气候过渡地区的腐蚀行为模拟

目的再现地中海和热带沙漠过渡气候环境下飞机蒙皮涂层的腐蚀特征。方法采用单项试验、组合循环试验等方式对涂层试样开展模拟加速试验,观察涂层的腐蚀形态。采用扫描电镜和X射线光电子能谱分析技术研究样品表面的显微形貌及元素含量变化情况。结果盐雾试验、周期浸泡试验和湿热-盐雾-光老化组合循环试验中,样品均出现了起泡现象,这几种试验方法均强化了腐蚀介质Cl?的作用。盐雾试验和湿热-盐雾-光老化组合循环试验中的腐蚀形态与实际使用中出现的腐蚀现象基本一致。周期浸泡试验中,除起泡外,涂层还出现了实际使用过程中未出现的玷污现象。结论盐雾试验的模拟效率最高,蒙皮涂层出现起泡主要是当地大气和地下水中Cl?的作用。     

双管板换热器的设计与制造

根据双管板换热器的结构特点,从设计、制造、监造与使用维护方面全过程要点剖析,对主要重点进行系统性进行阐述,并与业内人士全方位交流与要点探讨。     

Pesticides alter ion transport across frog (Pelophylax kl. esculentus) skin

We have measured, in the edible frog (Pelophylax kl. esculentus), the effect of two fungicides (8-hydroxyquinoline and captan), and four herbicides (DCMU, glyphosate, paraquat, and propachlor) on the short-circuit current, whose value gives an estimate of the net ion transport taking place across isolated skin. Glyphosate and paraquat treatment produced a modest increase in short-circuit current, corresponding to 2.6±0.7 and 4.6±0.8 μA·cm^?2, whereas the other substances had a more sustained effect, ranging from 9.1±0.6 (propachlor) to 14.8±0.9 μA·cm^?2 (captan), which is mainly attributable to an increase in the Na⁺ absorption, and, to a lesser extent, Cl^? secretion. The increase in short-circuit current after pesticide treatment, was partially abolished by AF12198, indomethacin, SC58125, SQ 22536, and W7; these results suggest that pesticides, independently from their chemical structure, induce the release of interleukin-1, which triggers the activity of cyclooxygenase-2, whose products, via a concentration in intracellular cAMP and Ca²⁺ concentration, increase Na⁺ absorption. The resulting Na⁺ disequilibrium must be compensated for by other epithelia, with the only consequence being the dissipation of energy. However, our results are important because they indicate that pesticides interact with the basic cellular machinery, which is responsible for the myriad of biological functions of different cell types.     

关于连接式双管板换热器强度胀接工艺研究

针对连接式双管板冷凝器制造中的难点和关键点---换热管与壳程管板（即内管板）强度胀接工艺,进行了试验与研究。确定了合理的胀管率、胀接遍数等工艺参数,并应用在某公司氯甲烷冷凝器产品的制造中,达到了预期的效果。     

rs双区异常与强震中短期预报

本文根据组合模式原理提出了一种用小震调制比（ｒｍ）异常区出现高频次的空间异常图，进行强地震中短期预报的方法，简称ｒｓ法。该方法在预报强震地点和时间上可望取得较好效果。本文在介绍该方法的基础上，应用该法对３次７级以上大震进行了回顾性检验。     

双层玻璃幕墙全尺寸火灾实验研究

针对双层玻璃幕墙实际应用中的消防问题,采用全尺寸火灾实验的方法对火焰和烟气在双层幕墙结构中的传播进行了分析研究.在建立实体实验模型时采用同工程设计和实际构造相同的双层玻璃幕墙,并按实际尺寸搭建了一座2层的楼房模拟客房床垫中央着火、客房床垫角落着火和客房整体失火3种工况,并对火源热释放速率、幕墙玻璃内外侧温度、火焰和烟气运动过程进行了测量和观测,得出了火焰传播过程和烟气在幕墙夹层内运动特征及双层玻璃幕墙结构临界破碎温度、破碎时间等耐火性能特性.