Automated diagnosis of malfunctions based on object orientated programming

The diagnostic event analyser (DEA) is a system for automated diagnosis of malfunction in continuous processes. DEA interprets real-time sequences of abnormal events such as measurements out of normal ranges and violation of quantitative algebraic constraints. DEA can be used to supplement an existing alarm system, providing a higher-level interpretation of patterns of abnormal events for the process operator. To use DEA, the user must supply only standard ‘form’ inputs of the root causes and relationships between abnormal events. DEA is implemented using object- oriented programming, a technique which allows general rules and procedures to be applied to process-specific objects. This architecture facilities treatment of multiple malfunctions and robustness to variation in event sequences.     

Modelling Complex Pipeline Network Leak Detection Systems

A novel model for detecting leaks in complex pipeline network systems has been developed. The model derives from the theory of Liapunov stability criteria. A leak is detected if the resulting eigenvalues from the deviation flow matrix have values less than a predetermined value. An advanced mesh network algorithm was used to decompose the complex pipeline network system into sub-networks. The flow model (equations of motion and continuity) which incorporates a leaking factor, k_L, is solved by a numerical technique that uses the method of characteristics and an implicit finite function. The unsteady state flow matrix of the complex pipeline network system was analysed using a modified Hardy Cross algorithm, where the velocity and pressure were computed for each node and pipeline loop in the complex network. The plots for the characteristic pressure and velocity eigenvalues show that pressure measurements are faster parameters for leak detection than volume measurements. Volume measurements appear to be suitable for larger leak systems and longer response time.     

隧道含水断层破碎带的探测

以泉三高速公路某隧道含水断层为例,对比瑞利波和地质雷达两种探测技术,论述其优缺点,阐明瑞利波探测技术探测公路施工隧道含水断层破碎带的优点。     

提速条件下小唐河大桥运营性能的安全性评价

针对提速后的小唐河大桥,运用动力检测方法,对其梁跨中的动挠度、横向振幅、横向及竖向加速度、振动频率,梁端横向振幅,墩顶横向振幅、加速度、振动频率,桥墩基础顶(承台顶)横向振幅等进行了测量。根据测量的结果对其进行安全性评价,评价结果表明:提速条件下各跨梁体的最大横向振幅均不满足规范的要求,墩顶、桥墩横向振幅值较大,承台顶的横向振幅也偏大,梁墩体系横向自振频率低,而各墩墩顶和梁体跨中的横向加速度值、梁体跨中竖向振动加速度值仍能满足规范的要求;梁跨具有足够的竖向刚度。根据评价的结果对小唐河大桥的加固提出了建议。     

纳氏试剂分光光度法测定空气中氨

氨吸收在稀硫酸溶液中,与纳氏试剂作用生成黄棕色化合物,根据颜色深浅,用分光光度法测定。     

超声萃取—高效液相色谱法测定土壤中多环芳烃

多环芳烃（简称PAHs）是一类具有致癌、致畸及致突变的持久性污染物。可靠的PAHs检测方法是研究其环境行为的重要保证。实验采用超声萃取、用固相萃取柱（SPE-C18）进行净化处理土壤样品,用液相色谱-荧光检测技术对美国环保署（USEAP）优先监测的15种多环芳烃污染物进行定量分析。实验结果表明,该方法对15种PAHs的最低检出限为0.231μg/kg-3.846μg/kg,回收率为51.48%-69.84%,相对标准偏差为6.84%-11.92%。     

连续流动分析仪测定地表水中挥发酚的方法探讨

使用连续流动分析仪测定地表水中挥发酚,实验结果表明在测定地面水时,该方法线性关系良好,方法检出限为1.2μg/L,方法稳定性好,准确度和精密度高,加标回收率符合要求,分析速度快,适合大批量测定地表水中的挥发酚。同时探讨了该方法在实际样品分析工作中的一些应用问题,如基线的波动与稳定、高低浓度样品交叉测定的影响等,并提出了解决办法。     

应用高密度电法探测北京南口-孙河隐伏断裂

举例说明了高密度电法在北京南口-孙河活隐伏活动断层勘测中的应用,展现高密度电法在断层定位中的广阔应用前景。简单介绍了高密度电法的基本原理。视电阻率异常剖面揭示南口-孙河断裂为正断层,北东盘上升,南西盘下降,推测断裂倾角60°～68°。视电阻率异常剖面与钻孔资料对应较好,并与钻探资料分析的断裂活动特性基本吻合。     

痕量磺胺二甲基嘧啶ELISA与HPLC检测方法比较

比较了城市污水中磺胺二甲基嘧啶(SM2)的两种检测方法,即酶联免疫(ELISA)法和SPE-HPLC法.HPLC法以Agilent ZORBAX Exlipse XDB-C18色谱柱为分析柱,流动相乙腈与超纯水的比例为2:8(V:V),270nm处检测SM2含量.结果表明,ELISA法的平均回收率为90.4%,相对标准...     

辽西畜禽养殖专业村环境质量分析

畜禽养殖业的快速发展和养殖污染治理滞后的矛盾已经成为我国畜禽养殖业发展的瓶颈。对辽西畜禽养殖专业村饮用水、空气指标进行了检测。结果表明,辽西地区畜禽养殖业的快速发展对大气、水体和土壤环境造成了严重污染,需要采取有效治理措施,消除畜禽养殖污染对经济发展的制约。